SKILL: Medical Diagnostic Techniques

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Susmita Chakrabarty

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Skill Courses

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Course Name : SKILL: Medical Diagnostic Techniques

Code(Credit) : CUTM3124(0-3-1)

Course Objectives

  • Demonstrates proper handling of patients/specimens and evaluates situations that may cause adverse issues in the diagnostic division.
  • Demonstrate skill with the microscope, centrifuge, and other laboratory equipment.
  • Basic understanding and analysis of the excretory products and other body fluids.
  • Basic understanding of hematology, immunology, clinical biochemistry, and microbiology with emphasis placed on point of care testing in all areas of the laboratory.

Learning Outcomes

  • Able to collect the pathological specimen.
  • They can Preserve and process the pathological sample.
  • Able to handle all laboratory instruments.
  • Able to detect the abnormal conditions.

Course Syllabus

Practice I: Fundamentals of Medical Diagnostic Techniques

  • Operation of Medical laboratory equipment and its installation, calibration, quality control.
  • General consideration on specimen collection in clinical laboratory. Pre-analytic (pre-examination), analytic (examination), and post-analytic (post-examination).

Practice II: Routine Hematological Investigations

  • Complete Blood Count (DLC, TLC, TPC, Hb, PCV) and its clinical significance.
  • Bleeding time and Clotting time.
  • Blood grouping and Rh factor.
  • Peripheral smear study.
  • Blood Parasites.

Practice III: Biochemical investigation with KIT methods

  • Diabetes and Blood glucose analysis (GOD/POD).
  • LFT (SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Albumin, Bilirubin total and direct, Total Protein).
  • KFT/RFT (Urea, Uric acid, Creatinine, K+, Na+).
  • Lipid Profile (Triglycerides, Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL).

Practice IV: Routine investigation in clinical pathology

 

  • Urine RE/ME
  • Stool microscopic examination
  • Semen analysis
  • Sputum for AFB and basic of DOT, MycoDot, Mantoux.

 

 

Practice V: Routine investigation in Microbiology

 

  • Sterilization: Hot Air Oven, Autoclave, Incubator
  • Staining Technique: Gram stain, Zn Stain
  • Immunochromatographic Test Technique (kit method): MPICT, HIV, HBsAg, HCV, Widal test (Typhoid), TOXO (Toxoplasma), Dengue, Chikungunya.
  • Media Preparation: (Blood agar, Chocolate Agar, CLED (Cysteine- Lactose Electrolyte Deficient) agar, MLA (MacConkey Lactose Agar), MHA (Muller Hinton Agar), MSA (Mannitol Salt Agar), XLD (Xylose Lysine Deoxy cholate), BEA (Bile Esculin Agar), PPA (Phenylalanine Agar), TSI (Triple Sugar Iron), Nutrient Broth, Peptone water, BHI Broth.
  • Culture & Isolation process of bacteria

 

Project:

  1. Study on common cause of Anemia, laboratory investigation and treatment.
  2. Sickle cell anemia & its types, common cause, laboratory investigation and treatment.
  3. Study on common Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) its laboratory diagnosis and treatment.
  4. Study on hormonal diseases and it’s laboratory diagnosis.
  5. Objective & importance of different Department of clinical laboratory.
  6. Advantage and disadvantages of Manual and automation technique in Medical Laboratory.
  7. Enumerate regulation of medical lab Laboratory and the criteria of accreditation.

 

 

Suggested Readings:

 

  1. Kuby's Immunology (7th Ed) - by J. Owen, J. Punt, S. Strandford. Macmillan Higher Education, England.

(e-book link: https://www.pdfdrive.com/kuby-immunology-7th-edition-2013-e44842271.html )

  1. Prescott, Harley, and Klein’s Microbiology (Seventh Edition)- by Joanne M. Willey, Linda M. Sherwood, Christopher J. Woolverton. McGrawHill.
  2. Text book of Microbiology (7th Edition)- by Ananthanereyan & Paniker, Publisher Universities press.

(e-book link: https://www.pdfdrive.com/textbook-of-microbiology-e177143667.html )

  1. Fundamentals of Molecular Virology (2nd Edition)- by Nicholas H. Acheson, Wiley Publishers.

(e-Book-link:https://www.pdfdrive.com/fundamentals-of-molecular-virology-d157673335.html )

  1. Text book of Medical Laboratory Technology by P. B. Godker, PublisherBhalani.
  2. Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter (2015) Molecular Biology of the cell, 6th edition, Taylor and Francis Group.

 

 

Online Tutorial links:

 

  1. Fundamentals of Immunology: Innate Immunity and B-Cell Function

(Coursera link: https://www.coursera.org/learn/immunologyfundamentalsimmunitybcells )

  1. Fundamentals of Immunology: T Cells and Signaling

(Coursera link: https://www.coursera.org/learn/immunologyfundamentalstcellssignaling )

  1. Fundamentals of Immunology: Death by Friendly Fire

(Coursera link: https://www.coursera.org/learn/immunology-friendlyfire )

  1. Viruses & How to Beat Them: Cells, Immunity, Vaccines

(edX link: https://www.edx.org/course/viruses-how-to-beat-them-cells-immunity-vaccines)

  1. The Immune System: New Developments in Research

(e-link:https://www.edx.org/course/the-immune-system-new-developments-in-research-par)

  1. DNA Decoded (coursera link: https://www.coursera.org/learn/dna-decoded)
  2. DNA Replication (Lecturio link: https://app.lecturio.com/#/course/s/8020 )
  3. Transcription (Lecturio link: https://app.lecturio.com/#/lecture/s/5990/35832)

Session Plan

Session 1

Topic: Operation of Medical laboratory equipment and its installation, calibration, quality control.

 

Presentation:

Video:

Notes:

Video: http://courseware.cutm.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Basic-Lab-Equipment-1.mp4

Session 2

Topic: General consideration on specimen collection in clinical laboratory. Pre-analytic (pre-examination), analytic (examination), and post-analytic (post-examination).

 

Notes:

  • https://webpath.med.utah.edu/EXAM/LabMedCurric/LabMed01_04.html

Video:

  • https://youtu.be/JS8ramN7Xn4

Session 3

Topic: Complete Blood Count (DLC, TLC, TPC, Hb, PCV) and its clinical significance.

 

Study Materials:

Videos:

CBC Notes:

Video:

Session 4

Topic: Bleeding time and Clotting time.

 

Study Materials:

Video:

BT- CT Notes:

BT-CT Video:

Session 5

Topic: Blood grouping and Rh factor.

 

Study Materials:

Blood grouping Notes:

Video:

Session 6

Topic: Peripheral smear study.

 

Study Materials:

Video:

Session 7

Topic: Blood Parasites.

 

Video:

Session 8

Topic: Diabetes and Blood glucose analysis (GOD/POD).

 

Notes:

Youtube:

Session 9

Topic: LFT (SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Albumin, Bilirubin total and direct, Total Protein).

 

Notes:

Session 10

Topic: KFT/RFT (Urea, Uric acid, Creatinine, K+, Na+).

 

Video:

Session 11

Topic: Lipid Profile (Triglycerides, Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL).

 

Video:

Session 12

Topic: Urine RE/ME

 

Video:

Session 13

Topic: Stool microscopic examination

 

Notes:

Video:

Session 14

Topic: Semen analysis

 

Notes:

Video:

Session 15

Topic: Sputum for AFB and basic of DOT, MycoDot, Mantoux.

Session 16

Topic: Sterilization: Hot Air Oven, Autoclave, Incubator

 

Notes:

 

Videos:

Session 17

Topic: Staining Technique: Gram stain, Zn Stain

 

Video:

  • Gram Stain: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--OvDvS-Pec
  • Zn Stain: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1uWm6rqGpA&t=20s

Session 18

Topic: Immunochromatographic Test Technique (kit method): MPICT, HIV, HBsAg, HCV, Widal test (Typhoid), TOXO (Toxoplasma), Dengue, Chikungunya.

 

Notes + Videos: 

Session 19

Topic: Media Preparation: (Blood agar, Chocolate Agar, CLED (Cysteine- Lactose Electrolyte Deficient) agar, MLA (MacConkey Lactose Agar), MHA (Muller Hinton Agar), MSA (Mannitol Salt Agar), XLD (Xylose Lysine Deoxy cholate), BEA (Bile Esculin Agar), PPA (Phenylalanine Agar), TSI (Triple Sugar Iron), Nutrient Broth, Peptone water, BHI Broth.

 

Notes:

 

Videos:

Session 20

Topic: Culture & Isolation process of bacteria

 

Notes: 

  • https://www.tmcc.edu/microbiology-resource-center/lab-protocols/bacterial-isolation
  • https://nios.ac.in › lesson-10PDF
    10 METHODS OF ISOLATION OF BACTERIA - NIOS
  • https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://resources.psmile.org/resources/process-control/section-specific-information/microbiology/bacteriology/Pro6.7-A-11%2520JCRC%2520Bacteriology%2520Culture%2520Media%2520and%2520Quality%2520Control.doc/at_download/file&ved=2ahUKEwj7_tre_Jv5AhUe4TgGHSciA0EQFnoECBIQBQ&usg=AOvVaw3R62AJIcAjNPn9ZHxXj8bD

 

Videos:

Session 21

Project

Topic: Study on common cause of Anemia, laboratory investigation and treatment.

Session 22

Project

Topic: Sickle cell anemia & its types, common cause, laboratory investigation and treatment.

Session 23

Project

Topic: Study on common Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) its laboratory diagnosis and treatment.

Session 27

Project

Topic: Enumerate regulation of medical lab Laboratory and the criteria of accreditation.

Session 28

Project

Topic: Advantage and disadvantages of Manual and automation technique in Medical Laboratory.

Session 29

Project

Topic: Objective & importance of different Department of clinical laboratory.

Session 30

Project

Topic: Study on hormonal diseases and it’s laboratory diagnosis.

Case Studies

Case Studies

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Susmita Chakrabarty

Assistant Professor
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Susmita Chakrabarty is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences at Centurion University of Technology and Management. Her specialization area includes the field of Medical Laboratory Sciences. At CUTM, she is engaged in teaching subjects like Hematology, Histology, Instrumentation and Technique, Analytical Biochemistry & Clinical Biochemistry, etc. […]