Anatomy of Angiosperm
Teacher
Dr. Sagarika Parida
Category
Core Courses
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Course Name : Anatomy of Angiosperm
Code(Credit) : CUTM1459(3-2-1)
Course Objectives
• Evaluate the importance of various plant tissues in plant development
• Evaluate the stages of plant growth and development
• To understand the conduction path of water and mineral nutrients
Course Outcomes
COs Course outcomes Mapping COs with POs
(High-3, Medium-2, Low-1)
CO1 Learn about different types of cells, tissue and tissue system, internal anatomical structures of root, shoot and leaf of representative monocot and dicot angiosperm plants PO1-3, PO2-3, PO4-2
CO2 Able to know different types cells in plant growth and metabolism PO1-3, PO2-3, PO4-2
CO3
Able to know different adaptive and protective systems exists in plants and able to apply the knowledge in various fields for cytotaxonomic identification and product development etc. Students can pursue higher studies and can get employment opportunity PO1-3, PO2-3, PO7-2
Course Syllabus
Module-I
Introduction and scope of Plant Anatomy:Applications in systematics, forensics and pharmacognosy.
Structure and Development of Plant Body: Internal organization of plant body: The three tissue systems, types of cells and tissues.
Practice:
1. Demonstration of double staining technique and Preparation of double staining slides
2. Distribution of mechanical tissues in Sunflower , Nyctanthes Stem
Module-II
Development of plant body: Polarity, Cytodifferentiation and organogenesis during embryogenic development.
Tissues: Classification of tissues; Simple and complex tissues (no phylogeny), Pits and plasmodesmata; Wall ingrowths and transfer cells, adcrustation and incrustation; ergastic substances
Practice:
3. To study secretory tissue system through fresh material or permanent slides Orange rind /Lemon leaf
Module-III
Apical meristems: Evolution of concept of organization of shoot apex (Apical cell theory, Histogen theory, Tunica Corpus theory, continuing meristematic residue, cyto histological zonation); Types of vascular bundles; Structure of dicot and monocot stem.
Practice:
4. Study of anatomical details of monocot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
5. Study of anatomical details of dicot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
Module-IV
Origin, development, arrangement, diversity in size and shape of leaves; Structure of dicot and monocot leaf, Kranz anatomy.Organization of root apex (Apical cell theory, Histogen theory, Korper-Kappe theory); Quiescent centre; Rootcap; Structure of dicot and monocot root; Endodermis, exodermis and origin of lateral root.
Practice:
6. Study of anatomical details of monocot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
7. Study of anatomical details primary structure of dicot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
8. Study of anatomical details of isobilateral leaf
9. Study of anatomical details of dorsiventral leaves
Module-V
Vascular Cambium and Wood: Structure, function and seasonal activity of cambium; Secondary growth in root and stem.
Practice:
10. Anatomical study of wood in T.S., T.L.S. and R.L.S
Module-VI
Axially and radially oriented elements; Types of rays and axial parenchyma; Cyclic aspects and reaction wood; Sapwood and heartwood; Ring and diffuse porous wood; Early and late wood, tyloses; Dendrochronology; Development and composition of periderm, rhytidome and lenticels.
Module-VII
Adaptive and Protective Systems: Epidermal tissue system, cuticle, epicuticular waxes, trichomes (uni-and multicellular, glandular and non-glandular, two examples of each), stomata (classification); Hydathodes, cavities, lithocysts, laticifers; Anatomical adaptations of xerophytes and hydrophytes.
Practice:
11. Study of differen types of stomata
12. Study of anatomical details of hydrophytic leaves
Text Books:
1. Pandey S N, Ajanta Chadha (2009)Plant Anatomy and Embryology , Vikas Publishing House
2. Singh, Pande, Jain,Anatomy of Angiosperm.(2016) Rastogi Publications
3. B. P. Pandey, Plant Anatomy (Revised Edition) S Chand & amp; Co Ltd.
Reference Books:
1. Evert, R.F. (2006) Esau’s Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body: Their Structure, Function and Development, .John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
2. Eames .A.J. and Macdaniels,L.H,1947, An Introduction to Plant Anatomy, McGrow- Hill,N.Y and London
Session Plan
Session 1
Introduction and scope of Plant Anatomy: Applications in systematics, forensics and pharmacognosy.
Session 2
Structure and Development of Plant Body: Internal organization of plant body
Session 3
The three tissue systems: Epidermal tissue system, ground tissue system
Session 4
The three tissue systems: Vascular Tissue system
Session 5
Assignment 1
Types of cells in plants
Session 6
Practice 1 (2 hours)
Demonstration of double staining technique and Preparation of double staining slides
Session 7
Practice 2 (2 hours)
Distribution of mechanical tissues in Sunflower , Nyctanthes Stem
Session 8
Development of plant body: Polarity, Cytodifferentiation
Session 9
Development of plant body: Organogenesis during embryogenic development
Session 10
Tissues: Classification of tissues; Simple and complex tissues (no phylogeny)
Classification of Permanent Tissue
Session 11
Pits and plasmodesmata: Wall ingrowths and transfer cells
Plasmodesmata, pits and Functions of cell wall
Difference between Pits and Plasmodesmata
Cell Wall and Chemical Nature-(Reference)
Session 12
Secretory structures: Adcrustation and incrustation, Ergastic substances
Ergastic Substances-Slideshare
Session 13
Assignment 2
Plant cell inclusions: Starch grains, Inulin; mineral Crystals
Session 14
Practice 3 (2 hours)
To study secretory tissue system through fresh material or permanent slides Orange rind /Lemon leaf
Session 15
Apical meristems: Concept of organization of shoot apex (Apical cell theory, Histogen theory)
Session 16
Apical meristems: Organization of shoot apex (Tunica Corpus theory, cyto histological zonation)
Session 17
Assignment 3
Vascular bundles: Types of vasular bundles
Session 18
Session 19
.
Assignment 4
Internal structure of monocot stem
Structure of monocot stem-Notes
Session 20
Practice 4 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of monocot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
Session 21
Practice 5 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of dicot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
Session 24
Assignment 6
Leaf: Parts of leaves, Types, Diversity in size and shape of leaves
Leaf types-Phyllotaxy-(Reference)
Structure of a leaf-(Reference)
Session 26
Structure of monocot leaf
Session 28
Organization of root apex: (Apical cell theory, )
Session 29
Organization of root apex: (Theories: Histogen theory, Korper-Kappe theory)
Session 30
Assignment 8
Quiescent centre; Rootcap
Session 31
Session 32
Structure of dicot root: Endodermis, exodermis; Origin of lateral root
Anatomical Characteristics of Dicotyledonous Roots
Anatomy of dicot root-Slideshares
histology among microscopic view of dicot root, monocot root, dicot stem, monocot stem-Youtube
Session 33
Practice 6 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of monocot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
Session 34
Practice 7 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details primary structure of dicot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
Session 35
Practice 8 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of isobilateral leaf
How to do section cutting of leaf by Solution-Youtube(Hindi)
Session 36
Practice 9 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of dorsiventral leaves
Preparation of Dorsiventral leaf slide for microscopic view-Youtube
Session 37
Vascular Cambium and Wood: Structure, function and seasonal activity of cambium
The Vascular Cambium-Slideserve
Session 38
Session 40
Practice 10 (2 hours)
Anatomical study of wood in T.S., T.L.S. and R.L.S
Session 41
Assignment 9
Axially and radially oriented elements; Types of rays and axial parenchyma
Tree biology and Xylem-Slideshare
Session 42
Cyclic aspects and reaction wood; Sapwood and heartwood
Session 43
Assignment 10
Ring and diffuse porous wood; Early and late wood, tyloses
Session 44
Dendrochronology; Development and composition of periderm, rhytidome and lenticels
Session 45
Adaptive and Protective Systems: Epidermal tissue system, cuticle, epicuticular waxes, trichomes (uni-and multicellular, glandular and non-glandular, two examples of each)
Diagnostic features of epidermal tissue system-Slideplayer
Session 46
Adaptive and Protective Systems: Stomata (classification)
Session 47
Adaptive and Protective Systems: Hydathodes: Structure and function; cavities: schizogenous and lysogenous cavities
Session 48
Lithocists and Laticifers: Lithocysts, Laticifers
Diagnostic features of epidermal tissue system-Slideplayer
Session 49
Anatomical adaptations of xerophytes
Features of Xerophytes-e Notes(Reference)
Session 51
Practice 11 (2 hours)
Study of different types of stomata
Session 52
Practice 12 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of hydrophytic leaves
Case Studies
Case Studies
Our Main Teachers
Dr. Sagarika Parida has completed her research fellowship from NRRI, ICAR, Cuttack and has been awarded the Ph. D. degree in Botany from Utkal University. She has worked as Post Doctoral Fellow in IMMT, CSIR, Bhubaneswar. The focus of her research work has been on microbiology, integrated pest and disease management and herbal drug standardization […]