Anatomy of Angiosperm

Teacher

Dr. Sagarika Parida

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name : Anatomy of Angiosperm

Code(Credit) : CUTM1459(3-2-1)

Course Objectives

• Evaluate the importance of various plant tissues in plant development
• Evaluate the stages of plant growth and development
• To understand the conduction path of water and mineral nutrients

Course Outcomes

COs Course outcomes Mapping COs with POs
(High-3, Medium-2, Low-1)
CO1 Learn about different types of cells, tissue and tissue system, internal anatomical structures of root, shoot and leaf of representative monocot and dicot angiosperm plants PO1-3, PO2-3, PO4-2
CO2 Able to know different types cells in plant growth and metabolism PO1-3, PO2-3, PO4-2
CO3
Able to know different adaptive and protective systems exists in plants and able to apply the knowledge in various fields for cytotaxonomic identification and product development etc. Students can pursue higher studies and can get employment opportunity PO1-3, PO2-3, PO7-2

Course Syllabus

Module-I
Introduction and scope of Plant Anatomy:Applications in systematics, forensics and pharmacognosy.

Structure and Development of Plant Body: Internal organization of plant body: The three tissue systems, types of cells and tissues.

Practice:
1. Demonstration of double staining technique and Preparation of double staining slides
2. Distribution of mechanical tissues in Sunflower , Nyctanthes Stem

Module-II
Development of plant body: Polarity, Cytodifferentiation and organogenesis during embryogenic development.
Tissues: Classification of tissues; Simple and complex tissues (no phylogeny), Pits and plasmodesmata; Wall ingrowths and transfer cells, adcrustation and incrustation; ergastic substances

Practice:
3. To study secretory tissue system through fresh material or permanent slides Orange rind /Lemon leaf

Module-III
Apical meristems: Evolution of concept of organization of shoot apex (Apical cell theory, Histogen theory, Tunica Corpus theory, continuing meristematic residue, cyto histological zonation); Types of vascular bundles; Structure of dicot and monocot stem.

Practice:
4. Study of anatomical details of monocot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
5. Study of anatomical details of dicot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts

Module-IV
Origin, development, arrangement, diversity in size and shape of leaves; Structure of dicot and monocot leaf, Kranz anatomy.Organization of root apex (Apical cell theory, Histogen theory, Korper-Kappe theory); Quiescent centre; Rootcap; Structure of dicot and monocot root; Endodermis, exodermis and origin of lateral root.

Practice:
6. Study of anatomical details of monocot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
7. Study of anatomical details primary structure of dicot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts
8. Study of anatomical details of isobilateral leaf
9. Study of anatomical details of dorsiventral leaves

Module-V
Vascular Cambium and Wood: Structure, function and seasonal activity of cambium; Secondary growth in root and stem.

Practice:
10. Anatomical study of wood in T.S., T.L.S. and R.L.S

Module-VI
Axially and radially oriented elements; Types of rays and axial parenchyma; Cyclic aspects and reaction wood; Sapwood and heartwood; Ring and diffuse porous wood; Early and late wood, tyloses; Dendrochronology; Development and composition of periderm, rhytidome and lenticels.

Module-VII
Adaptive and Protective Systems: Epidermal tissue system, cuticle, epicuticular waxes, trichomes (uni-and multicellular, glandular and non-glandular, two examples of each), stomata (classification); Hydathodes, cavities, lithocysts, laticifers; Anatomical adaptations of xerophytes and hydrophytes.

Practice:
11. Study of differen types of stomata
12. Study of anatomical details of hydrophytic leaves

Text Books:
1. Pandey S N, Ajanta Chadha (2009)Plant Anatomy and Embryology , Vikas Publishing House
2. Singh, Pande, Jain,Anatomy of Angiosperm.(2016) Rastogi Publications
3. B. P. Pandey, Plant Anatomy (Revised Edition) S Chand & amp; Co Ltd.
Reference Books:
1. Evert, R.F. (2006) Esau’s Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body: Their Structure, Function and Development, .John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
2. Eames .A.J. and Macdaniels,L.H,1947, An Introduction to Plant Anatomy, McGrow- Hill,N.Y and London

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Session Plan

Session 1

Introduction and scope of Plant Anatomy: Applications in systematics, forensics and pharmacognosy.

Plant Anatomy An Overview-Slideshare

scope of Plant Anatomy, Applications in systematics-Notes

Session 2

Structure and Development of Plant Body: Internal organization of plant body

The organization of the plant body-(References)

Plant organization-Slideshare

Organization of Plant Body-Youtube

Session 3

The three tissue systems: Epidermal tissue system, ground tissue system

The tissue systems-Youtube

The three tissue system-Youtube

The three tissue systems-Notes

Session 4

Session 6

Practice 1 (2 hours)
Demonstration of double staining technique and Preparation of double staining slides

Double staining process

Expt No 1

Session 8

Development of plant body: Polarity, Cytodifferentiation

Plant embryo development-Slideshare

Polarity and Cyto differentiation-Notes

Session 9

Development of plant body: Organogenesis during embryogenic development

Embryogenesis in Plants

Embryogenesis-Slideshare

Session 12

Session 13

Assignment 2

Plant cell inclusions: Starch grains, Inulin; mineral Crystals

Plant Cell Inclusion -Youtube

Starch grains under microscope-Youtube

Session 14

Practice 3 (2 hours)
To study secretory tissue system through fresh material or permanent slides Orange rind /Lemon leaf

Expt. No. 3

Section cutting of leaf-Youtube

Session 15

Apical meristems: Concept of organization of shoot apex (Apical cell theory, Histogen theory)

Introduction to Apical Meristem

Apical Meristems-Slideshare

Shoot Apex-Slideshare

Apical Meristem-Youtube

Shoot Apical Meristem-Youtube

Session 16

Session 20

Practice 4 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of monocot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts

Expt. No. 4

Monocot stem-Youtube

T.S.of Monocot stem -Youtube

How to draw monocot stem-Youtube

Session 21

Practice 5 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of dicot stem through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts

Expt. No. 5

Slide preparation-Youtube

Session 23

Assignment 5
Arrangement of leaves

Leaf structure and arrangement

Session 25

Session 28

Organization of root apex: (Apical cell theory, )

Theories of Root Apical Meristem in Plants

Session 29

Organization of root apex: (Theories: Histogen theory, Korper-Kappe theory)

Histogen and Koreper-kappe theories of Root Apical Meristem

Root apical meristem-Youtube

Root Apex Theories-Slideshare

Session 33

Practice 6 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of monocot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts

Expt. No. 6

Monocot root-Youtube

Session 34

Practice 7 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details primary structure of dicot root through permanent slides/temporary stain mounts

Expt. No. 7

Dicot root-Youtube

Session 35

Practice 8 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of isobilateral leaf

Expt No 8

How to do section cutting of leaf by Solution-Youtube(Hindi)

Plant Tissues in the Leaf-Youtube

Session 37

Session 40

Practice 10 (2 hours)

Anatomical study of wood in T.S., T.L.S. and R.L.S

Expt No 10

Wood Sample Preparation for Microscopic Analysis-Youtube

Tropical wood anatomy-Youtube

Session 42

Session 43

Assignment 10
Ring and diffuse porous wood; Early and late wood, tyloses

wood types-Slideshare

Tyloses, early and late wood-Slideshare

Session 44

Dendrochronology; Development and composition of periderm, rhytidome and lenticels

tree bark-Slideshare

Periderm, Rhytidome-Notes

Session 45

Adaptive and Protective Systems: Epidermal tissue system, cuticle, epicuticular waxes, trichomes (uni-and multicellular, glandular and non-glandular, two examples of each)

Diagnostic features of epidermal tissue system-Slideplayer

Specialized epidermal cell-Slideshare

Epidermis-Slideshare

Trichomes-Notes

Trichomes-PPT

Session 46

Adaptive and Protective Systems: Stomata (classification)

Types of stomata in plants-(Reference)

Stomata-Notes

Stomata-PPT

Session 47

Adaptive and Protective Systems: Hydathodes: Structure and function; cavities: schizogenous and lysogenous cavities

Guttatuion and Hydathodes-Slideshare

Hydathodes and Cavities-Notes

Session 51

Practice 11 (2 hours)
Study of different types of stomata

Expt No 11

Preparation of Stomata slide-Youtube

Session 52

Practice 12 (2 hours)
Study of anatomical details of hydrophytic leaves

Anatomical details of hydrophytes

Expt. No. 12

Case Studies

Case Studies

Our Main Teachers

Dr. Sagarika Parida has completed her research fellowship from NRRI, ICAR, Cuttack and has been awarded the Ph. D. degree in Botany from Utkal University. She has worked as Post Doctoral Fellow in IMMT, CSIR, Bhubaneswar. The focus of her research work has been on microbiology, integrated pest and disease management and herbal drug standardization […]