Course Objectives

• To collect wastewater from residences, industries, institutions, and so on,
• To find a place to discharge the wastewater (usually the nearest water course is chosen, but wastewater could also be used for groundwater recharge or even recycled to water supply),
• To remove water pollutants that would produce adverse impacts to the receiving water or adversely affect the health of people subsequently using the water and
• To do all the above in a cost - effective manner.

Course Outcomes

CO1: Identify the sources of pollutants, toxic organic compounds and their impacts in the aquatic organisms and the abiotic environment

CO2: Understand different type of pollution and their effects

CO3: Knowledge  on - sewage treatment and its reuse Bioremediation and Phytoremediation

CO4: Awareness about Monitoring and control of pollution

CO-PO Mapping

PO1: Knowledge enhancement

PO5: Environment and Sustainability

PO8: Team Work

PO9: Ethics

Program Outcomes

PO1: Knowledge enhancement: Enhanced knowledge on concepts, essential facts, basics, principles and theories relating to fishery biology, biodiversity and aquatic environment, aquaculture, fish nutrition, fish physiology, genetics and biotechnology, fish processing, fisheries engineering, fish microbiology, fishery extension, economics, and biostatistics.

PO2: Professional and Entrepreneurial Skill development: Understanding the value and processes of life-long learning and professional enhancement and entrepreneurship development.

PO3: Critical thinking: After identifying the assumptions from the subject, take informed actions to frame the thinking and check out the degree to which these assumptions are accurate and valid, and look at our ideas and decisions (intellectual, organizational, and personal) from different perspectives.

PO4: Problem Solving: Solve the problems from concerned disciplines using the knowledge, skills and attitude acquired from various disciplines in fisheries science.

PO5: Environment and Sustainability: Understand the issues of environmental contexts and sustainable development.

PO6: Data Handling and computational skills: Collect, analyze and interpret biological and scientific data for the scientific and farming community with the help of computer-based programmes.

PO7: Communication & Extension Skills: Develop appropriate communication skills for effective transfer of knowledge and technologies through extension activities.

PO8: Team Work: Play effective roles in capture, culture, management, financial and marketing of fish produce.

PO9: Ethics: Application of ethical principles and commitment to professional ethics and responsibilities.

Course Syllabus

• Theory
  Introduction to aquatic pollution, the sources of pollutants, toxic organic compounds and their impacts in the aquatic organisms and the abiotic environment, Classification of pollution- physical, chemical and biological classification of water pollution- description of terminologies. Sewage and domestic wastes- composition and pollution effects- sewage treatment and its reuse.
  Agricultural wastes- organic detritus, nutrients, Adverse effects of oxygen demanding wastes: importance of dissolved oxygen; Oxygen demand; BOD; COD; Oxygen budget;
  Biological effects of organic matter.
• Excessive plant nutrients: Eutrophication; Red tides and fish kills. Pesticide types and categories; inorganic pesticides, Organo-chlorine compounds, Organo-phosphorous compounds; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); Bioaccumulation and impact on aquatic fauna and human health; toxicology. Heavy metals: Interaction of heavy metals with water and aquatic organisms. Bioremediation and Phytoremediation. Oil pollution; Crude oil and its fractions; Sources of oil pollution; Treatment of oil spills at sea; Beach Cleaning; Toxicity of Petroleum Hydrocarbons; Ecological Impact of Oil pollution- Case studies. Microbial pollution: Types of aquatic microbes; autotrophs and heterotrophs; saprotrophs and necrotrophs; Sewage Fungus Complex; Transmission of Human Pathogenic Organisms; Zoonosis; Development of Antibiotic Resistance and its impact; Biofilms and Biocorrosion; Radioactivity and background radiation of earth: Radionuclide polluting, special effects of radioactive pollution. Thermal pollution and its effects, Physical and chemical nature of possible effluents from major industries in India. Monitoring and control of pollution: Biological indicators of pollution. Solid waste management.
• Practicals
• Physical characteristics of polluted waters; Colour, Odour, Turbidity. Determination of pH, salinity, alkalinity, hardness, BOD, COD, Hydrogen sulphide,  Phosphates, Ammonia, Nitrates, Heavy metals and Oil and grease in water. Determination of pH, conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals in sediments. Study of pathogenic and coliform bacteria. Bacteriological quality of water; Colliform tests, IMVIC test, standard plate count, methods of enumerating bacterial biomass in waters and waste waters. Pollution flora and fauna: indicator species- algae, protozoa and insect larva. Methods of pesticide residue analysis in waters and fish tissue; bioassay and toxicity study.
• Reference Book
• Aquatic Pollution: An Introductory Text, 4th Edition by Edward A. Laws

Session Plan (Theory)

Session 1 - 2

• Introduction to aquatic pollution
•  Introduction
   Sources of pollutants
   toxic organic compounds and their impacts in the aquatic organisms
   Abiotic environment
• Classification of pollution
•  Physical, chemical and biological classification of water pollution
•  Description of terminologies
• pp1 intro

Session 3 - 5

Sewage pollution
 Composition of Sewage and domestic wastes
 Measurement of organic pollution
 Effect of sewage pollution on aquatic environment

ppt2 sewase

ppt3 sewase2

Session 6

Agricultural wastes
 organic detritus, nutrients, Adverse effects of oxygen demanding wastes
 Importance of dissolved oxygen
 Oxygen demand, BOD,COD

ppt4agri

Session 7

Eutrophication
 Major and minor nutrients and their concentration in eutrophicated water
 Red tide and its causes
 Algal blooms in Indian waters

https://www.slideshare.net/1234567ses/eutrophication-14594541

Session 8

Pesticides and their effect
 What is a pesticide and why it is a problem?
 Types of pesticides, source and pathways of pesticides
 Fate of pesticides in the aquatic environment
 Half-lives of some important pesticides

ppt5pesticide

Session 9

Heavy metal pollution
 Definition of Heavy metals
 Sources of heavy metals
 Interaction of heavy metals with water and aquatic organisms

ppt6 heavy metal

Session 10

Bioremediation and Phytoremediation
 Principles and factors of Bioremediation, phytoremediation
 Bioremediation and phytoremediation strategies
 Advantages and disadvantages of bioremediation and phytoremediation

ppt8bioremediation

Session 11

Oil pollution
 Crude oil and its fractions
 Sources of oil pollution
 Treatment of oil spills at sea and Beach Cleaning
 Toxicity of Petroleum Hydrocarbons

ppt7oil pollution

Session 12

Thermal pollution
 Thermal pollution and its effects
 Physical and chemical nature of possible effluents from major industries in India
 Control measures

https://www.slideshare.net/AmruthaHari1/thermal-pollution-135387213

Session 13

Radioactive pollution
 Radioactivity and background radiation of earth
 Radionuclide polluting
 special effects of radioactive pollution
 Control measures

ppt9radio

Session 14 - 15

Microbial pollution
 Types of aquatic microbes
 Autotrophs and heterotrophs; saprotrophs and necrotrophs
 Sewage Fungus Complex
 Transmission of Human Pathogenic Organisms; Zoonosis
 Development of Antibiotic Resistance and its impact
 Biofilms and Biocorrosion

https://www.slideshare.net/majid4uonly/microorganism-water-pollution-presentation

Session 16

Monitoring and control of pollution
 Biological indicators of pollution
 Solid waste management

http://www.fao.org/3/a-bl035e.pdf

Session Plan (Practical)

Session 1 - 3

• Physical characteristics of polluted waters
• Determination of pH, salinity, alkalinity, hardness
• Determination of BOD and COD of polluted water

Session 4 - 7

• Determination of H2S of polluted water
• Determination of Heavy metals and Oil and grease in polluted water
• Determination of pH, conductivity, organic carbon and nitrogen in sediments.

Session 8 - 11

• Study of pathogenic and coliform bacteria.
• Colliform tests in waters & waste waters.
• IMVIC test in waters & waste waters.
• Standard plate count in waters and waste waters

Session 12

• Methods of enumerating bacterial biomass in waters and waste waters.

Session 13

• Pollution flora and fauna: indicator species- algae, protozoa and insect larva

Session 14 - 15

• Methods of pesticide residue analysis in waters and fish tissue

Session 16

• Studies on bioassay and toxicity tests

Assignment

Water pollution and its effects

Sewage treatment process

Agriculture pollution

Eutrophication

Pesticides and fertilizers

Heavy metal pollution

Bioremediation and phytoremediation

Oil pollution

Thermal pollution

Radioactive pollution

Microbial pollution

Model Question

Model Question