BINOCULAR VISION & SQUINT

Teacher

Nihar Ranjan Kar

Category

Core Courses

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Domain Track Title :BINOCULAR  VISION & SQUINT 

Track Total Credits ( T-P-P) 5-0-0

Courses Division( list all divisions):

Domain Track Objectives

1. To understand the aspects of normal binocular vision.
2. To give an idea about the insult to the normal binocular vision.
3. To understand the binocular vision anomalies and appropriate treatment strategies.

Domain Track Learning Outcomes:

1. To have a clear picture about the normal functioning of visual system eventually differentiating the abnormality/anomaly.
2. To be able to understand the clinical presentations of different binocular vision anomalies.
3. To diagnose the presented clinical condition and application of appropriate diagnostic tests.

Domain Syllabus:

MODULE-I

Grades of binocular vision-simultaneous perception (first grade of binocular vision), fusion, steropsis (third grade of binocular single vision).

Advantages of binocular vision.Visual direction and the horopter_visual direction, corresponding point and normal retinal correspondence, horopter, physiologic diplopia.

Binocular fusionpanum’sarea,fixationdisparity,theories of binocular fusion,synergy hypothesis of panum,local sign hypothesis of hering,eye movement hypothesis of helmholts,suppession hypothesis of du tour and verhoeff,physiologic basis of fusion.

Dihoptic stimulation-depth with fusion and depth with diplopia,diplopia without depth,retinalrivary and suppretion,binocularlusure.

Stropsis-physiologicalbasis of stereopsis,local and global stereopsis and fusion,stereopsis acuity neurophysiology of stereopsis.

Depth perception-steropsis,nonstereoscopiccluestoyhe perception of depth under binocular condition,monocular clues (non stereoscopic clues to spetial orientation)-parallactic movements, linear perspectiveoveriay of contours,sizedistance from horizon ,distribution of highlights, shadow, shades and light .aerial perspective ,influence of accommodation and convergence on depth perception, conclusion.

Integration of the motor and sensory system into binocular vision.

MODULE-II

Binocular defects: Binocular optical defects-anisometropia-vision in anisometropia ,treatment, Binocular optical defects-aniseikonia symptoms, clinical investigation ,treatment.

Binocular muscular co-ordination- orthophoria. Binocular muscular anomalies- heterophoria- ,exophoria, esophoria, hyperphoria, cyclophoria, esotropia ,exotropia, Binocular muscular anomalies-anomalies of convergence and other reading difficulties—insufficiency of convergence, convergence excess, the ophthalmologist and the reading ability of children.

MODULE-III

Neurogenic palsies- Etiology of cranial nerve palsy, Diagnosis, characteristic, management of III nerve palsy, Etiology of IV nerve palsy, Diagnosis, characteristic, managements.

Etiology of VI nerve palsy, Diagnosis, characteristic, management. Mechanical palsies – Duane’s retraction syndrome, Browns syndrome, General fibrosis syndrome, Blow out fractures, Thyroid eye diseases, Anomalies of binocular vision in congenital syndrome- Downs syndrome, cerebral palsy craniofacial anomalies. Amblyopia

Session Plan for the Entire Domain:

List of Projects/ papers/jobs/products to be done in domain:

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