Developmental Biology
Teacher
Dr Yashaswi Nayak
Category
Core Courses
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Course Name : Developmental Biology
Code(Credit) : CUTM1509(3-2-1)
Course Objectives
- The course is so designed for acquiring knowledge to know the process of reproduction and the development of embryo.
- The objective of this course is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concepts of early animal development.
- Students taking this course must develop a critical appreciation of methodologies specifically used to study the process of embryonic development in animals.
Course Outcomes
| COs | Course Outcomes | Mapping COs with POs
(High-3, Medium-2, Low-1) |
| CO1 | Students will get the knowledge about the reproductive and development processes and can apply the acquired knowledge for higher study. | PO1-3, PO7-1, PO9-2 |
| CO2 | This course will provide a comprehensive understanding of the concepts of early animal development | PO1-3, PO7-1, PO9-3 |
| CO3 | Students will be able to predict the lineage outcome of transplanting mesodermal cell populations from anterior heart to posterior presomatic tail bud. | PO1-3, PO4-1, PO9-3 |
Course Syllabus
Module -I- Historical perspective and basic concepts (4h)
-
- 1.1 - Historical perspective and basic concepts: Phases of development
- 1.2 - Cell-Cell interaction, Pattern development
- 1.3 - Differentiation and growth, Differential gene expression
- 1.4 - Cytoplasmic determinants and asymmetric cell division
Assignment
From the topic - Differential gene expression and Pattern formation
Practice (2h)
Study of whole mounts and sections of developmental stages of frog through permanent slides: Cleavage stages, blastula, gastrula
Module-II- Various Developmental aspects (4h)
- 2.1 - Early Embryonic Development
- 2.2 - Gametogenesis
- 2.3 - Spermatogenesis
- 2.4 - Oogenesis and Types of egg
- 2.5 - Egg Membranes
Assignment
From the topic- Types of egg and egg membranes
Practice (2h)
Study of whole mounts and sections of developmental stages of frog through permanent slides: neurula, tail-bud stage,tadpole (external and internal gill stages).
Module-III- Fertilization (5 h)
-
- 3.1 - Fertilization (External and Internal)
- 3.2 - Changes in gametes, Blocks to polyspermy
- 3.3 - Planes and patterns of cleavage
- 3.4 - Types of Blastula
Assignment
From the Topic- Planes and patterns of clevage
Practice (2h)
Study of T.S of Testis , Semen sample , Graffian follicle( Mature follicle about to release an ovum) and corpus luteum through permanent slides.
Module - IV- Fate Maps (4h)
-
- 4.1 - Fate maps (including Techniques)
- 4.2 - Early development of frog up to gastrulation
- 4.3 - Early development of chick up to gastrulation
- 4.4 - Embryonic induction and Organisers
Assignment
From the topic- Gastrulation of chick embryo and frog embryo
Practice (2h)
- Study of whole mounts of developmental stages of chick through permanent slides: Primitive streak (13 and 18 hours).
- Study of Whole mounts of chick embryo 21, 24, 28, 33, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours of incubation.
Module -V- Embryonic development (5h)
-
- 5.1 - Late Embryonic Development: Fate of Germ Layers
- 5.2 - Extra-embryonic membranes in birds
- 5.3 - Implantation of embryo in humans
- 5.4 - Placenta (Structure, types and functions of placenta)
- 5.5 - Post Embryonic Development. Metamorphosis: Changes, hormonal regulations in amphibians and insects.
Assignment
From the topic- Post embryonic development and Metamorphosis
Practice
Study of the developmental stages and life cycle of Drosophila from stock culture.
Module-VI- Regeneration (3 h)
-
- 6.1 - Regeneration: Modes of regeneration
- 6.2 - epimorphosis, morphallaxis and compensatory regeneration (with one example each).
Assignment
From the topic- Modes of Regeneration
Practice
Study of different sections of placenta (photomicropgraph/ slides)
Module- VII- Ageing (5h)
-
- 7.1 - Ageing: Concepts and Theories
- 7.2 - Implications of Developmental Biology Teratogenesis:
- 7.3 - Teratogenic agents and their effects on embryonic, development
- 7.4 - In vitro fertilization
- 7.5 - Concept of Stem cell
- 7.6 - Amniocentesis
Assignment
From the topic- Teratogens and stem cell
Practice
Project report on Drosophila culture/chick embryo development
Text Books:
Verma, Agrawal, 2007,Embryology,Rostogi Publication
Reference Books:
- Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental Biology, IX Edition, Sinauer Associates,Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA
- Balinsky B. I. and Fabian B. C. (1981). An Introduction to Embryology, V Edition, International Thompson Computer Press
- Carlson, R. F. Patten's Foundations of Embryology Kalthoff (2008). Analysis of Biological Development, II Edition, McGraw-Hill Publishers
- Lewis Wolpert (2002). Principles of Development. II Edition, Oxford University Press CBCS
Session Plan
Session 1
1.1 - Historical perspective and basic concepts: Phases of development
Online source : History and basic concepts of Developmental biology
Session 2
1.2 - Cell-Cell interaction, Pattern development
Online source : Mechanisms of pattern formation in development and evolution
YouTube Source :Cellular specialization (differentiation)
Session 3
Session 4
1.4 - Cytoplasmic determinants and asymmetric cell division. (2h)
Online Source :Asymmetric cell division and axis formation in the embryo
Youtube Source:Differentiation and gene expression
Session 5
Assignment - 1
From the topic- Differential gene expression and pattern formation
Online source: Differential gene expression
Session 6
Practice : 1
Study of whole mounts and sections of developmental stages of frog through permanent slides : Clevage stages
Qnline source : Frog Development
You tube link : Developmental stages of frog
Session 11
2.5 - Types of eggs Egg Membranes (Assignment-2/Flipped class)-1h
Session 12
Practice-2 (2h)
Study of whole mount of sections of developmental stages of frog through permanent slides neurula, tail-bud stage,tadpole (external and internal gill stages) .
Online source :Study of prepared slides developmental stages of frog
- You tube link : The Process of Gastrulation
Session 13
3.1 - Fertilization (External and Internal) :(Assignment-3/Flipped class-2)
Session 17
Assignment -4 - Planes and patterns of clevage
Online Source : clevage
Youtube Source : slide share on clevage
Session 18
Practice-3 (2h)
Study of T.S of Testis , Semen sample , Graffian follicle( Mature follicle about to release an ovum) and corpus luteum through permanent slides.
Online source- 1 :Describe the T.S. of Human Testis
Online source- 2 : Ovary and Follicle Development
You tube link-1 : Male Reproductive Histology- Testis
You tube link-2 : Follicle development and ovulation
Session 23
Assignment -5 - Gastrulation of chick and frog embryo
Online Source : Gastrulation
You tube source 1: Gastrulation of chick embryo
You tube source 2: Gastrulation of frog embryo
Session 24
Practice- 4 (2h)
Study of whole mounts of developmental stages of chick through permanent slides: Primitive streak (13 and 18 hours).
Online source : Developmental Stages of Chick Embryo | Zoology
You tube link : Embryonic development in chick egg
Session 25
Practice- 5 (2h)
Study of Whole mounts of chick embryo 21, 24, 28, 33, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours of incubation.
Online source : Developmental Stages of Chick Embryo | Zoology
You tube link : Embryonic development in chick egg
Session 29
5.4 - Placenta (Structure, types and functions of placenta)-(Assignment-6/Flipped class-3) -1h
Session 30
5.5 - Post Embryonic Development. Metamorphosis: Changes, hormonal regulations in amphibians and insects;
Session 31
5.6 - Post Embryonic Development. Metamorphosis: Changes, hormonal regulations in insects : (Assignment-7/Flipped class-4)- 1h
Session 32
Practice- 6(2h)
Study of the developmental stages and life cycle of Drosophila from stock culture.
Online source: Developmental stages and life cycle of Drosophila
You tube link: DrosophilaStudy the developmental stages and the life cycle from fruit fly stock culture
Session 33
Session 35
6.3 - Compensatory regeneration (with one example each)-(Assignment-8/Flipped class-5)-1 h
Session 37
Practice-7 (2h)
Study of different sections of placenta (photomicropgraph/ slides)
Online source : PLACENTA
Session 39
Session 42
7.5 - Concept of Stem cell
Online source : Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Revisiting History, Concepts, and Assays
You tube link :concept of stem cell
Session 43
7.6 - Amniocentesis : (Assignment -10/ Flipped class-6) -1h
You tube link - Amniocentesis
Session 44
Assignment- 11
Teratogens and stem cells
Online source - Teratogens and their effects
Online source - Stem cells
Session 45
Practice- 8 (2h)
Project report on Drosophila culture / Chick embryo development
Online source - Drosophila culture
Online source - Chick embryo development
Case Studies
Case Studies
Our Main Teachers
Associate Professor, Department of Zoology (School of Applied Sciences) CUTM – Bhubaneswar Dr. Yashaswi Nayak presently serving in Centurion University of Technology and Management as faculty and Head of the Department of Zoology has around sixteen years of teaching experience and possess specialization in Poultry management , vermicomposting processes. Her area of interest is Fishery […]