Course Objectives

• To produce a cadre of specialized medical virologists who would help establish clinical diagnostic services in various hospitals/centres.
• Understanding laboratory diagnosis of virus by both conventional and molecular method.

Learning Outcomes

• Organise sample collection, transportation, processing and storage in an appropriate manner.
• Plan, write and implement research projects in virology, analyze their results and publish these in peer-reviewed journals.
• Coordinate with concerned agencies regarding viral diseases and their outbreaks.
• Plan and execute epidemiological studies and provide advice in relation to viral diseases.

Course Syllabus

Module I

Laboratory Organization-Guidelines on Establishment of Virology Laboratory by WHO – key elements of a virology laboratory- Room (space), Electricity, Water supply, Sterility etc.

Specimen management-  Selection of specimen, specimen collection, optimal times for collection of specimen, specimen  transport and storage , Biosafety-  Personal protective equipment , Minimizing equipment and technique-related hazards, Management of laboratory waste, Labelling of wastes etc. Quality systems – Documentation and Standard  Operating Procedure (SOP).

Project Topic

Safety Measures and laboratory organization in virology laboratory.

Module II

Clinical Virology-  Viral infections of the skin - including pediatric exanthems and enanthems, Viral respiratory infections-pharyngitis, croup, bronchiolitis, pneumonia etc , Viral CNS infections - encephalitis, meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis, etc. Viral gastroenteritis - viruses causing diarrhea. Viral hepatitis – due to HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV etc.Viral infections in the immunocompromised persons–in transplant recipients. Congenital viral infections – Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), rubella virus, Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), etc. Sexually transmitted viral infections .Oncogenic viral infections .HIV/AIDS.

Project Topic

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) respiratory infection in human.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) respiratory infection in human.

Module III

Virological techniques for cultivation and identification of virus-

Isolation of viruses- Cell (tissue) culture; - Embryonated hen’s egg inoculation (various routes) - Animal inoculation method. Identification of virus- Direct examination of specimen: Electron microscopy (TEM and SEM), Staining and microscopy for viral inclusion bodies, Molecular techniques for direct identification of viral genomes- Nucleic acid amplification techniques (PCR, real-time PCR, etc). Indirect Examination of specimen: Cytopathic effect, Neutralization assay, Haemadsorption etc and serological assay (Immunofluroscence, Haemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI), Complement fixation tests (CFT) and ELISA. Antiviral drugs, Laboratory diagnosis of important DNA and RNA viruses.

Project Topic

Molecular methods for laboratory diagnosis of corona virus (CoV).

Comparative study of serological and molecular methods for lab diagnosis of corona virus (CoV).

Suggested Readings

Bailey & Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology.

Ebook Link- https://www.pdfdrive.com/bailey-scotts-diagnostic-microbiology-e187863782.html

Basic virology by Edward K. Wagner

Ebook Link- https://www.pdfdrive.com/basic-virology-e18900518.html

Online Tutorial Link

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Elink- https://www.coursera.org/lecture/nanotechnology/scanning-electron-microscopy-basic-function-WE2fL

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

Elink- https://www.coursera.org/directory/videos/?courseId=xC3tPBE9Eeamsw7MRtVHjQ

Antiviral Drugs.

Elink- https://www.coursera.org/lecture/aids-fear-hope/05-07-the-drugs-dr-riddell-describes-antiretroviral-therapy-Zeb6F

Simulation Links 

Isolation of virus (Tissue culture technique and Animal Inoculation Method)

Elink- https://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=76&sim=1223&cnt=2

Session Plan

Session 1

Lecture Topic-Laboratory Organization: Guidelines on Establishment of Virology Laboratory by WHO – key elements of a virology laboratory- Room (space), Electricity, Water supply, Sterility etc.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLjtNSOClzo

Lecture Notes- https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/911047/retrieve 

Session 2

Lecture Topic- Specimen management-  Selection of specimen, specimen collection, optimal times for collection of specimen.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=syXd7kgLSN8

Lecture Notes- https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/911047/retrieve

Session 3

Lecture Topic- specimen  transport and storage , Biosafety-  Personal protective equipment.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FatYUa_HNx8

Lecture Notes- https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/911047/retrieve

Session 4

Lecture Topic-Management of laboratory waste, Labelling of wastes etc. Quality systems – Documentation and  Standard  Operating Procedure (SOP).

Lecture Notes- https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/911047/retrieve

Session 5

Project Topic- Safety measures and laboratory organization in virology laboratory.

Session 6

Lecture Topic- Viral infections of the skin - including pediatric exanthems and enanthems.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gC6I9cAnEGQ

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/gargoom/common-viral-skin-diseases

https://www.slideshare.net/pedgishih/viral-exanthemsmodule

Session 7

Lecture Topic- Viral respiratory infections-pharyngitis, croup, bronchiolitis, pneumonia.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6ODoB38YBU

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/DrRiazAhmadBhutta/lect-5-respiratory-viruses

Session 8

Lecture Topic- Viral CNS infections - encephalitis, meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N6-DpruIyww

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIHUJs2eTHA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2U1ERuhqWM

Lecture Presentation-https://www.slideshare.net/PraveenNagula/viral-encephalitis

https://www.slideshare.net/shaznyX8/viral-encephalitis-pt

Session 9

Lecture Topic- Viral gastroenteritis - viruses causing diarrhea.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0wozFFSobQ

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/patrick89/viral-diarrhea

Session 10

Lecture Topic- Viral hepatitis – due to HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV etc.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6XfSQ_zQgQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yKIpQElh-4

Lecture Presentation-https://www.slideshare.net/Himanshudev1/viral-hepatitis-my-ppt-32541287

Session 11

Lecture Topic- Viral infections in the immunocompromised persons–in transplant recipients.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPxb9pPd5PA

Session 12

Lecture Topic- Congenital viral infections – Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HJZFRnVct8

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/cytomegalovirus-35617312

Session 13

Lecture Topic- Rubella virus.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R5iSOhkIiJQ

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/ArunViswanathan3/rubella-german-measeles

Session 14

Lecture Topic- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV).

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JsJFXKpzCo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1b66K2Uzfg

Lecture Presentation-https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/varicella-zoster-35610178

Session 15

Lecture Topic- Sexually transmitted viral infections.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWLUpMYWGhg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeV8c_C4FFI

Lecture Presentation-https://www.slideshare.net/daliaelshafei/sexually-transmitted-diseases-stds

Session 36

Project topic- Comparative study of serological and molecular methods for lab diagnosis of corona virus (CoV).

Session 35

Project Topic- Molecular methods for laboratory diagnosis of corona virus (CoV)

Session 34

Lecture Topic- Laboratory diagnosis of important RNA viruses.

Lecture Video- https://www.coursera.org/learn/covid19clinicalupdate

Lecture Notes- http://apps.searo.who.int/pds_docs/B4416.pdf

Session 33

Lecture Topic-Laboratory diagnosis of important DNA viruses.

Lecture Video-  https://www.coursera.org/lecture/stories-of-infection/hepatitis-b-77bsj

Session 32

Lecture Topic- Antiviral drugs.

Lecture Video- https://www.coursera.org/lecture/aids-fear-hope/05-07-the-drugs-dr-riddell-describes-antiretroviral-therapy-Zeb6F

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/antiviral-drugs-15231072

Session 31

Lecture Topic- ELISA.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJ0-qQslqqQ

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/girish_bms/elisa-80204077

Session 30

Lecture Topic- Complement fixation tests (CFT)

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vboyla11Lyw

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/DominicDR/cftppt

Session 29

Lecture Topic- Haemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI).

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwYlk4eB7yA

Session 28

Lecture Topic- serological assay (Immunofluroscence assay)

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiSAswuW6UI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMDfd28i7Is

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/TapeshwarYadav1/immunofluorescence-55934842

Session 27

Lecture Topic- Neutralization assay.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rjlsDHXNtk

Lecture Presentation-https://www.slideshare.net/shareefngunguni/virus-neutralization-test

Session 26

Lecture Topic- Indirect Examination of specimen: Cytopathic effect.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sH7VYVojixc

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/FarzinAsghari/virus-culture-and-cytopathic-effect

Session 25

Lecture Topic- Molecular techniques for direct identification of viral genomes- Nucleic acid amplification techniques (PCR, real-time PCR)

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOLZCyb6QJs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5C0D3A6FGM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5f_wieig4iQ

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/mahneemmah/rt-pcr-62110671

Session 24

Lecture Topic- Staining and microscopy for viral inclusion bodies.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vD6lHEkjXvw

https://www.virology.ws/2013/12/03/virology-at-coursera/

Session 23

Lecture Topic- Identification of virus- Direct examination of specimen: Electron microscopy, SEM.

Lecture Video- https://www.coursera.org/lecture/nanotechnology/scanning-electron-microscopy-basic-function-WE2fL

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/drbhargava5745/scanning-electron-microscopy-sem-lecture

Session 22

Lecture Topic- Identification of virus- Direct examination of specimen: Electron microscopy , TEM.

Lecture Video- https://www.coursera.org/learn/microscopy

https://www.coursera.org/directory/videos/?courseId=xC3tPBE9Eeamsw7MRtVHjQ

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/AdnanMurad1/transmission-electron-microscopy-1-1

Session 21

Lecture Topic- Animal inoculation method.

Lecture video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yi13OAshhSk

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/islamsarakbi/cultivation-of-viruses

Session 20

Lecture Topic- Isolation of viruses- Cell (tissue) culture; - Embryonated hen’s egg inoculation (various routes).

Lecture Video- https://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=76&sim=1223&cnt=2

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/islamsarakbi/cultivation-of-viruses

Session 19

Project Topic- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) respiratory infection in human.

Session 18

Project Topic- Middle East Respiratory syndrome (MERS) respiratory infection in human.

Session 17

Lecture Topic- HIV/AIDS.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ng22Ucr33aw

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/kishooami/hiv-aids-29421935

Session 16

Lecture Topic- Oncogenic viral infections.

Lecture Video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgUGMCuDtR0

Lecture Presentation- https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/oncogenic-virus

Case Studies

Case Studies