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Electrochemistry

Electrochemistry

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Dr. Pratap Chhotaray

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Core Courses

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Course Name : Electrochemistry

Code(Credit) : CUTM 1478(3-2-1)

Course Objectives

  • To Know the basic of ions, electrolyte, movement of ions, electrochemistry
  • To know how the ionic movements are related to different other fields such as thermodynamics.
  • Also, this course will help students to garner basic knowledge on novel energy storage devices

Course Outcomes

COs Course outcomes Mapping COs with POs (High-3, Medium-2, Low-1)
CO1 Able to gain knowledge on ionic, and electrical properties of the sample      PO 1 (1), PO4(2), PO 10  (1)
CO2 Able to gain skill in the handling of conductometer and to interpret the results regarding sample/solution electrical properties      PO2 (2), PO3 (2), PO 12  (1)
CO3 Will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to contribute to various electrochemical experiments for societal benefits      PO 3 (2), PO 5 (2), PO 12(1)

Course Syllabus

Module I 

Conductance I:

Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation. Conductivity, equivalent and molar conductivity and their variation with dilution for weak and strong electrolytes. Molar conductivity at infinite dilution. Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions.

Practice 1: Electrolyte solution

Practice 2: Electrolytic conductance

Assignment 1: Molar conductivity and their variation with dilution for weak and strong electrolytes.

Assignment 2: Ostwald's dilution law.

Module II 

Conductance II:

Walden’s rules, Debye-Huckel-Onsager equation. Ionic mobility and their determinations, transference numbers and their relation to ionic mobilities, determination of transference numbers using Hittorf and Moving Boundary methods.

Assignment 3: Walden’s rules, Debye-Huckel-Onsager equation

Assignment 4: Ionic mobility and their determinations, transference numbers and their relation to ionic mobilities.

Module III 

Conductance III:

Applications of conductance measurement: (i) degree of dissociation of weak electrolytes, (ii) ionic product of water (iii) solubility and solubility product of sparingly soluble salts, (iv) conductometric titrations, and (v) hydrolysis constants of salts.

Practice 3: Conductometric titrations

Assignment 5: Applications of conductance measurement for determining hydrolysis constants of salts.

Module IV 

Electrochemistry I:

Quantitative aspects of Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, applications of electrolysis in metallurgy and industry. Electrochemical series, rules of oxidation/reduction of ions based on half-cell potentials. Nernst equation; Standard electrode (reduction) potential and its application to different kinds of half-cells. Electromotive force of a cell and its measurement. Chemical cells, reversible and irreversible cells with examples.

Practice 4: Application of electrolysis in Electroplating

Practice 5: Electrochemical series application

Practice 6: Electrochemical cell

Practice 7: Nernst equation

Practice 8: Cell potential determination

Assignment 6: Quantitative aspects of Faraday’s laws of electrolysis

Assignment 7: Applications of electrolysis in metallurgy and industry.

Module V 

Electrochemistry II:

Application of EMF measurements in determining (i) free energy, enthalpy and entropy of a cell reaction, (ii) equilibrium constants, and (iii) pH values, using hydrogen, quinone-hydroquinone, and glass electrodes. Concentration cells with and without transference, liquid junction potential; determination of activity coefficients and transference numbers. Qualitative discussion of potentiometric titrations (acid-base, redox, precipitation).

Assignment 8: Concentration cells without transference.

Module VI 

Electrical & Magnetic Properties of Atoms and Molecules:

Basic ideas of electrostatics, dielectric constant, Dipole moment and molecular polarizabilities and their measurements. Basics of diamagnetism, paramagnetism. Magnetic susceptibility and its measurement.

Practice 9: Static electricity

Assignment 9: Basic ideas of electrostatics, dielectric constant.

Module VII 

Energy Storage and Conversion:

Fundamentals on Li ion batteries, basic principle and types of fuel cells, theory of solar cells and types of solar cells, basic principles on super capacitors and types of super capacitors.

Practice 10: Solar Panel Experiment

Practice 11: Photoelectric effect

Practice 12: Super capacitor preparation

Assignment 10: Needs for energy storage and storage alternatives.

Recommended Text Books:

  1. Atkins, P.W & Paula, J.D. Physical Chemistry, 10th Ed., Oxford University Press (2014).
  2. Castellan, G. W. Physical Chemistry 4th Ed., Narosa (2004).
  3. Mortimer, R. G. Physical Chemistry 3rd Ed., Elsevier: NOIDA, UP (2009).
  4. Barrow, G. M., Physical Chemistry 5th Ed., Tata McGraw Hill: New Delhi (2006). 
  5. Engel, T. & Reid, P. Physical Chemistry 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall (2012).
  6. Rogers, D. W. Concise Physical Chemistry Wiley (2010).

Session Plan

Session 1

Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation. Conductivity.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6Dw9vtnwns

Session 01_Theory of electrolytic dissociation

Session 2

Session 3

Specific conductance, molar conductance, and equivalent conductance.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YMpK0xSQQ8M

Session 4

Equivalent conductivity and their variation with dilution for weak and strong electrolytes.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66JPg8apZIE

Session 5

Practice 2 (2 Hrs.): Electrolytic conductance.

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/conductivity

Session 6 (Assignment 1 (2 Hrs.): Flip class)

Molar conductivity and their variation with dilution for weak and strong electrolytes.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66JPg8apZIE

Session 7

Molar conductivity at infinite dilution.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szr6yVOLGl8

Session 8

Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_HnqqDIAKQ

Session 9 (Assignment 2 (1 Hr): Flip class)

Session 10 (Assignment 3 (1 Hr): Flip class)

Walden’s rules, Debye-Huckel-Onsager equation.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ZgbbQDDKeQ&t=749s

Session 11 (Assignment 4 (2 Hrs.): Flip class)

Ionic mobility and their determinations, transference numbers and their relation to ionic mobilities.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jDlGKpDptms

Session 12

determination of transference numbers using Hittorf method.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGxvOO54Klg

Session 12_Transport number

Session 13

determination of transference numbers using Moving Boundary method.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhMWvaWeuiY

Session 13_Moving boundary method

Session 14

Applications of conductance measurement: (i) degree of dissociation of weak electrolytes.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSpkU9467f8

Session 17

Practice 3 (2 Hrs.): Conductometric titration.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=amFOhvc6p74

Session 18 (Assignment 5 (1 Hr): Flip class)

Application of conductance measurement in (V) hydrolysis constants of salts.

https://www.scribd.com/document/433083268/Hydrolysis-Constant-by-Conducatnce

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9Wz5QVzGyA

Session 19 (Assignment 6 (1 Hr): Flip class)

Quantitative aspects of Faraday’s laws of electrolysis.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZ8Z54E4WXI

Session 19_Faraday laws of electrolysis

Session 20 (Assignment 7 (1 Hr): Flip class)

Applications of electrolysis in metallurgy and industry.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dRtSjJCKkIo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ov1UhRExg8E

Session 21

Practice 4 (2 Hrs.): Application of electrolysis in Electroplating.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwS1hoe4tZg

Session 21_Electroplating

Session 22

Electrochemical series, rules of oxidation/reduction of ions based on half-cell potentials.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EftDY0renDo

Session 23

Practice 5 (2 Hrs.): Electrochemical series application.

http://chemcollective.org/chem/electrochem/

Session 24

Session 26

Practice 7 (2 Hrs.): Nernst equation.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nztw2ZAJcEM

Session 27

Standard electrode (reduction) potential and its application to different kinds of half-cells.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/oxidation-reduction/cell-potential/v/standard-reduction-potentials

Session 28

Electromotive force of a cell and its measurement.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvYbmAJPetU

Session 29

Practice 8 (2 Hrs.): Cell potential determination.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9QjjuFyfU4

Session 30

Chemical cells; Reversible and irreversible cells with examples.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOKRSV_785I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teTkvUtW4SA&t=45s

Session 31

Application of EMF measurements in determining (i) free energy, enthalpy and entropy of a cell reaction.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/oxidation-reduction/electrochemistry-thermodynamics-and-equilibrium/v/free-energy-and-cell-potential

Session 33

Application of EMF in determining (iii) pH values, using hydrogen, quinone-hydroquinone, and glass electrodes.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naYbESrjylI&t=171s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pn8SA_DzvdI

Session 33_Application of EMF for pH

Session 35 (Assignment 8 (1 Hr): Flip class)

Session 36

Liquid junction potential; determination of activity coefficients and transference numbers.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFSR5XrDXMM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJzgnjg4Nok

Session 37

Qualitative discussion of potentiometric titrations (acid-base).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPsPMDWK94g&t=124s

Session 38

Qualitative discussion of potentiometric titrations ( redox, precipitation).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JwCeCS2YRVo&t=508s

Session 40

Session 41

Dipole moment and molecular polarizabilities and their measurements.

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/chemical-bonds/copy-of-dot-structures/v/dipole-moment

Session 42

Basics of diamagnetism, paramagnetism.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDyKF4ioxyI&t=738s

Session 43

Magnetic susceptibility and its measurement.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9FuA0wyjMOY

Session 44 (Assignment 10 (1 Hr): Flip class)

Needs for energy storage and storage alternatives.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoTVtB-cSps

Session 48

Practice 10 (2 Hrs.): Photoelectric effect.

http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=1&brch=195&sim=840&cnt=1

Session 50

Practice 11 (2 Hrs.): Solar Panel Experiment.

http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=1&brch=195&sim=360&cnt=1

Session 51

Session 52

Practice 12 (2 Hrs.): Super capacitor preparation.

http://www.chem.ox.ac.uk/vrchemistry/

Case Studies

Case Studies

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Dr. Pratap Chhotaray

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry
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Dr. Pratap Kumar Chhotaray has completed his PhD. from IIT Madras in 2015. He then moved to The University of Alabama, USA followed by Louisiana State University, USA for two years’ postdoctoral research. Thereafter, he worked as a National Postdoctoral fellow at IIT Delhi for two years. Currently, he is working as an Asst. Prof. […]