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Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Teacher
Chandrasekhar Sahu
Category
Core Courses
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Course Name : FUNDAMENTALS OF CROP PHYSIOLOGY
Code(Credit) : ASPH1201(2-1-0)
Course Objectives
- To confer information to the understudies on various plant metabolic procedures and their functions in plants with special reference to agricultural and horticultural crops
CO-PO Mapping
| COs | Course outcomes | Mapping COs with POs |
| CO1 | After completion of this course the students will apply knowledge of crop physiology principles and theories to analyze and understand the physiological processes involved in plant growth, development, and productivity. | PO1, PO2 |
| CO2 | Students will Demonstrate effective communication and extension skills to disseminate knowledge and technologies related to crop physiology to farming community. | PO4 |
| CO3 | Employ computational skills to collect, analyse, and interpret crop physiology data, and utilize computer-based tools. | PO3 |
PO1: Knowledge Enhancement
PO2: Professional Enhancement
PO3: Entrepreneurship Skills
PO4: Communication & Extension Skill
Course Syllabus
Reference Books
- Plant Physiology by SN Pandey and BK Sinha
- Fundamentals of Plant Physiology by V.K. Jain
- Plant Physiology and Development by Eduardo Zeiger and Lincoln Taiz
Session Plan
Theory Session 1
Introductin and importance of physiology in Agriculture
Theory Session 2
Seed physiology – seed structures – development of embryo, endosperm,
perisperm and seed coat – morphological, physiological and biochemical
changes during seed development.
Fundamentals of Crop Physiology Lecture 2 PDF
Practical Session 1
Introduction and acquaintance with lab and lab Manual
Theory Session 3
Seed physiology – physiological maturity – morphological and physiological
changes associated with physiological maturity in crops with examples –
harvestable maturity – seed viability and vigor – factors affecting seed viability
and vigor.
Lec-03-Fundamentals of Crop Physiology PDF
Theory Session 4
Seed physiology – methods of testing seed viability and vigor – germination –
utilization of seed reserves (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) during seed
germination – morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during
seed germination – factors affecting seed germination.
Theory Session 5
Growth and development – definition – types of growth – determinate and
indeterminate growth – monocarpic and polycarpic species with examples,initiation and development of vegetative and reproductive structures.
Theory Session 6
Growth and development – measurement of growth – growth analysis –
growth characteristics – definitions and mathematical formulae.
Theory Session 7
Crop water relations – physiological importance of water to plants – water
potential and its components-Importance of water potential-Active and passive
uptake of water-measurement of water status in plants
Lec-07 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology pdf
Theory Session 8
Crop water relations – transpiration – definition – significance – structure of
stomatal complex in monocots and dicots – role of stomata in transpiration –
transpiration in relation to crop productivity – Water Use Efficiency (WUE) –
WUE in C3, C4 and Crussulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plants – WUE of
major field crops – factors affecting WUE.
Practical Session 4
Study of Structure and Distribution of Stomata
Theory Session 9
Photosynthesis – energy synthesis – Cyclic and Non cyclic photo
phosphorylation- carbon dioxide fixation – C3 pathway.
Theory Session 10
Photosynthesis – carbon dioxide fixation – C4 and CAM pathways – methods
of measuring photosynthesis.
Lec-10 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology pdf
Theory Session 11
Photosynthesis – photorespiration – factors affecting photosynthesis (light,
carbon dioxide, temperature, water stress, water logging, salinity, weeds /
weedicides etc.)
Theory Session 12
Photosynthesis – photosynthetic efficiency – significance of C3, C4 and CAM
pathways – relationship of photosynthesis and crop productivity.
Practical Session 6
Theory Session 13
Translocation of assimilates – phloem loading – apoplastic and symplastic
transport of assimilates – mechanism of phloem transport – phloem unloading
Theory Session 14
Source and sink concept – dry matter partitioning – harvest index of crops.
Practical Session 7
Demonstration on Plasmolysis and Deplasmolysis
Theory Session 15
Respiration and its significance – importance of glycolysis, Tricarboxylic Acid
(TCA) cycle and Pentose Phosphate Pathway.
Theory Session 16
Respiration – interrelationship of respiration and photosynthesis – growth
respiration and maintenance respiration – alternate respiration – salt
respiration – wound respiration – measurement of respiration.
Practical Session 8
Measurement of Root Pressure
Theory Session 17
Nutriophysiology – definition – essential elements – criteria of essentiality of
elements – classification of plant nutrients based on their Biochemical role
and physiological function.
Lec-17 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology pdf
Theory Session 18
Nutriophysiology – physiology of nutrient uptake – active and passive uptake
of nutrients – functions of N, P, K, Ca and Mg.
Practical Session 9
Determination of Rate of Transpiration
Theory Session 19
Nutiophysiology – functions of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, Mo, Cl, Na and Si - their
mobility in phloem
Theory Session 20
Nutriophysiology – Deficiency and toxicity symptoms of plant nutrients
Practical Session 10
Separation of Photosynthetic Pigments Through Paper Chromatography
Theory Session 21
Nutiophysiology – foliar nutrition – hydroponics – solution and sand culture
Lec-21 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology pdf
Theory Session 22
Photoperiodism and flowering – importance of photoperiodism – classification
of plants based on photoperiodic responses – perception of photoperiodic
stimulus – Biological clock.
Practical Session 11
Estimation of chlorophyll content
Theory Session 23
Photoperiodism – phytochrome – flowering hormones – vernalization and
flowering – importance of vernalization in relation to crop productivity.
Theory Session 24
Plant growth regulators – occurrence, biosynthesis, mode of action and
physiological role of auxins
Lec-24 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology pdf
Practical Session 12
Study of Rate of Photosynthesis
Theory Session 25
Plant growth regulators – occurrence, biosynthesis, mode of action and
physiological role of gibberellins
Theory Session 26
Plant growth regulators – occurrence, biosynthesis, mode of action and
physiological role of cytokinins
Practical Session 13
Theory Session 27
Plant growth regulators – occurrence, biosynthesis, mode of action and
physiological role of Abscisic Acid (ABA)
Theory Session 28
. Plant growth regulators – occurrence, biosynthesis, mode of action and
physiological role and ill effects of ethylene
Practical Session 14
Theory Session 29
Plant growth regulators – novel plant growth regulators – commercial
application of plant growth regulators in agriculture and horticulture
Lec-29 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Theory Session 30
Senescence and abscission – definition – classification – theories of
mechanism and control of senescence – physiological and biochemical
changes and its significance – abscission and its relationship with
senescence
Practical session 15
Diagnosis of Nutrient Deficiencies for Mineral Nutrient Through Rapid Tissue Test
Theory Session 31
. Post harvest physiology – seed dormancy – definition – types of seed
dormancy – advantages and disadvantages of seed dormancy – causes and
remedial measures for breaking seed dormancy with examples – optimum
conditions of seed storage – factors influencing seed storage- International
Seed Testing Association (ISTA) standards
Theory Session 32
Post harvest physiology – fruit ripening – metabolic changes during fruit
ripening – climacteric and non-climacteric fruits – hormonal regulation of fruit
ripening (with etherel, Chloro Choline Chloride (CCC), polaris and
paclobutrazol) – use of hormones in increasing vase life of flowers
Practical Session 16
Measurement of Photosynthetic CO2 Assimilation by Infra-Red Gas Analyzer
(IRGA)
Our Main Teachers
Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi Campus, Odisha, India
Dr. Dinkar J. Gaikwad is an Associate Professor and Head, Department of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry. M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Paralakhemundi Campus, Centurion University of Technology and Management Odisha, India. He has completed his Under Graduation (UG) in Bachelor in Horticulture from MPKV Rahuri (Maharashtra), Post Graduation in Plant Physiology from BCKV Mohanpur (West […]