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Fundamentals of Soil Science
Teacher
Dr. Bishnuprasad Dash
Category
Core Courses
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Code (Credit): ASAC 1101 (2-1-0)
Course Objectives
To impart knowledge to the students on basic concepts of soil science.
To develop skills of analyzing basic physico-chemical properties of soil.
CO- PO Mapping
| COs | Course outcomes | Mapping COs with POs |
| CO1: | Students will able to apprehend the fundamentals and principles of Soil Science. | PO1, PO2 |
| CO2: | Students can elucidate the process involved in formation of soil. | PO1, PO2 |
| CO3: | Students gain a better insight of pedodiversity in India. | PO1, PO2 |
| CO4: | Students will able to analyze the basic physico-chemical properties of soil. | PO1, PO2 |
| PO1: | Knowledge Enhancement | |
| PO2: | Professional Enhancement | |
Course Syllabus
THEORY
Unit I :
Soil as a natural body, Pedological and edaphological concepts of soil. Components of soil. Soil genesis: Composition of Earth's crust- soil forming rocks and minerals – Primary and secondary minerals. Weathering of rocks and minerals. Factors of soil formation. Soil forming processes. Soil Profile.
Unit II:
Soil physical properties: Soil texture, structure, density and porosity, soil color, consistence and plasticity. Effect of puddling on soil properties. Soil water retention, movement and availability. Soil air, composition, gaseous exchange-problem and its effect on crop growth. Source, amount and flow of heat in soil, Soil temperature and crop growth.
Unit III:
Soil physico chemical and chemical properties: Soil reaction-pH, soil acidity and alkalinity, buffering, effect of pH on nutrient availability. Soil colloids - inorganic and organic. Silicate clays: constitution and properties, sources of charge, ion exchange, cation and anion exchange capacity and base saturation.
Unit IV:
Soil organic matter: composition, properties and its influence on soil properties. Humic substances - nature and properties. Soil Biology : Soil organisms : macro and micro organisms, their beneficial and harmful effects, microbial interaction. Soil enzymes.
Unit V :
Elementary knowledge of soil taxonomy, classification and soils of India - Soil pollution – Types and behaviour of pesticides. Inorganic contaminants. Prevention and mitigation of soil pollution.
PRACTICAL :
Study of soil profile in field. Study of soil sampling tools, collection of representative soil sample, its processing and storage. Study of soil forming rocks and minerals. Determination of soil density, moisture content and porosity. Determination of soil color. Determination of soil texture by feel and Bouyoucos Methods. Studies of capillary rise phenomenon of water in soil column and water movement in soil. Demonstration of heat transfer in soil. Preparation and standardization of laboratory reagents, indicators and buffers. Determination of soil pH and electrical conductivity. Determination of cation exchange capacity of soil. Estimation of organic matter content of soil. Study of soil map.
Reference Books
Fundamentals of Soil Science; Indian Society of Soil Science (2012), IARI, New Delhi.
Introductory Soil Science; Das, D. K. (2015), 4 th Edition, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
A Text Book of Pedology – Concepts and Applications; Sehgal, J. (2015), Kalyani publishers, New Delhi.
The Nature and Properties of Soils; Weil, R.R. and Brady, N.C. (2017), 15th edition, Pearson Education Limited, England.
Textbook of Soil Science; Biswas, T. D. and Mukherjee, S. K. (2017), 2nd edition, McGraw Hill Education, India.
Session Plan
Theory
Session 1:
Soil as a natural body, Pedological and edaphological concepts of soil -Components of soil-Soil genesis-Composition of Earth's crust
Session: 2
Rocks- classification -Minerals – Primary, secondary, essential and accessory minerals – Primary minerals-weatherability of primary minerals-Non-silicate minerals
Session: 3
Weathering – Types of weathering – Physical weathering of rocks – Agents of physical weathering and their role- Biological weathering – Role of flora and fauna in weathering process-Chemical weathering – Solution, hydration, hydrolysis, carbonation, oxidation and reduction
Session: 4
Factors of soil formation-Soil forming processes
Session: 5
Soil profile
Session 6
Soil physical properties: Soil Texture
Session: 7
Soil Structure
Session: 8
Soil density, crusting and tillage
Session: 9
Soil porosity and Soil consistency
Session: 10
Puddling and its effect on Soil properties
Session: 11
Soil permeability and Soil color
Session: 12
Soil water-properties, classification Soil water potential -Hysteresis
Session: 13
Movement of soil water
Session: 14
Soil moisture constants and measuring techniques
Session: 15
Soil air
Session: 16
Soil Temperature
Session: 17
pH, soil acidity and nutrient availability.
Session: 18
Soil salinity and alkalinity
Session: 19
Soil colloids
Session: 20
Silicate clays
Session: 21
Origin of charge in organic and inorganic colloids
Session: 22
Cation and anion exchange capacity of soils
Session: 23
Soil mineral formation and classification
Session: 24
Soil biology
Session: 25
Biological N fixation-C:N ratio-PGPR
Session: 26
Soil organic matter
Session: 27
Microbial interaction
Session: 28
Soil taxonomy and nomenclature
Session: 29
Soil classification-Diagnostic soil horizons-surface and subsurface-soil moisture and temperature regimes
Session: 30
Soils of India
Session: 31
Soil pollution -causes, prevention and mitigation of soil pollution
Session: 32
Behaviour of pesticides and inorganic contaminants
PRACTICALS
Session: 1
Chemical analysis- Principles, Techniques and Calculations
Session: 2
Study of soil sampling tools
Session: 3
Collection of soil sample
Session: 4
Storage and Processing of soil sample
Session: 5
Determination of Bulk density by core sampler method
Session: 6
Determination of Particle density of soil
Session: 7
Determination of soil texture by Bouyoucos hydrometer
Session:8
Description of soil profile in field
Session: 9
Determination of infiltration rate by double ring infiltrometer
Session: 10
Determination of soil texture by feel method
Session: 11
Determination of soil pH
Session: 12
Determination of electrical conductivity of soil
Session: 13
Determination of soil color by Munsell color chart
Session: 14
Determination of organic carbon in soil by Walkley and Black method
Session: 15
Determination of soil moisture
Session: 16
Identification of rocks and minerals
Our Main Teachers
Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, M. S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management
Present Position Associate Professor (Soil Science),MSSSoA, CUTM Mobile: 91-9439353031 , E-mail: arunabha@cutm.ac.in Education Bachelor of Science (Agriculture). Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra, India in 2008 Master of Science (Soil and Water Conservation). Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidlaya –(BCKV), Nadia, West Bengal, India in 2010 Research topic Water Requirement of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) PhD […]