Laser Technology
Teacher
Dr. Padmaja Patnaik
Category
Core Courses
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Course Name : Laser Technology
Code(Credit) : CUTM1414 (2-1-1)
Course Objectives
The aim of this course is
- To acquire a thorough understanding of the theory of modern Laser Physics
- understand different types of modern lasers and their applications
- computationally verify material properties for Laser production and uses
Learning Outcomes
After learning the course the students will be able to
- describe and explain fundamental concepts in laser physics
- compare the function and properties of a number of common laser
- verify properties of materials used for laser production
Course Syllabus
Module-I
Laser fundamentals: Spontaneous and stimulated emission, absorption, Einstein’s coefficients, active medium, population inversion, laser-pumping, laser gain, metastable state, condition for light amplification. solid state laser: Ruby laser.
Practice 1:
Operation of a Ddiode laser pumped Nd:YAG laser. Measure its efficiency and spiking effects to be demonstrated or Any other Laser to explain the operation of Lasers
Assignment 1:
Neodymium glass lasers – construction, working, properties and applications.
Module-II
Liquid lasers: Principle and main components of laser, levels of laser action, continuous wave lasers, construction and working of dye laser.
Assignment 2: (Any one)
1. Application of tuning in Dye laser astronomy as a laser guide star
2. Alexandrite lasers application in dermatology – working, properties and applications in industrial like medical field
3. Model-Locked Ring Dye laser application for optical data storage
Module-III
Gas Laser: Principle, working and usefulness of gas laser, He-Ne laser, lasing action in Ion lasers, construction and operation of ion lasers
Practice 2:
Determine the wavelength and angular spread of He-Ne laser using plane diffraction grating.
Practice 3:
Argon Ion laser spectrum- operating and selecting various wavelengths for a single line operation in an Argon laser
Assignment 3: (Any one)
1. Application of Krypton ion laser in medicine
2. Application of Copper vapour laser for entertainment purposes
3. Application of He-Cadmium laser – construction, working, properties and applications
4. Industrial application of Carbon dioxide laser for cutting and drilling
5. Application of Excimers laser photolithography and medical purposes
Module-IV
Semiconductor Laser: Principle of semiconductor laser diode, threshold frequency, difference between a diode and laser diode, Characteristics of semiconductor lasers, Semiconductor diode lasers, LED versus Laser diode.
Practice 4:
Operating characteristics of a semiconductor diode lasers- measuring its threshold current, output power versus current etc.
Assignment 4: (Any one)
1. Application of heterojunction structures to optical devices
2. Application of Homojunction lasers
3. Application of quantum well lasers for applications in optical information processing
Module-V
Laser applications: Material processing with lasers, interaction mechanism,
Lattice heating, Material processing mechanism.
Practice 5:
Drilling process with laser – Either Physical lab or virtual lab.
Practice 6:
Cutting and Welding process with laser – Either Physical lab or virtual lab.
Assignment 5:
Industrial application of laser - Material processing with lasers
Module-VI
Elementary ideas on application of Laser in Medical Science - Medical lasers, Laser diagnostic, Laser for general surgery, Laser Dentistry
Assignment 6: (Any one or as given by the course instructor)
1. Studying the properties of GaN for laser application by Density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
2. Studying the properties of InGaN for laser application by density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
3. Studying the properties of GaAs for Laser application by density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
4. Studying the properties of AlGaAs for laser application by density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
Module-VII
Elementary ideas on -Laser in Optical Communication: Optical source for fiber optical communication, Essential characteristics of Laser in fibre optic communication.
Assignment 7: (Any one or as given by the course instructor)
1. Studying the properties of “Tungsten oxide-based mediums” for laser application by using Biovia Material Studio
2. Studying the properties of “sapphire crystals usually doped with titanium particles” for laser application by using Biovia Material Studio
Textbook:
1. Laser Principles, Types and Application by KR Nambiar, New Age International.
2. Modern Spectroscopy by J Michael Hollas, Fourth Edition, John Wiley and Sons.
Reference Books:
1. Lasers Theory and Applications by K. Thyagarajan and A.K. Ghatak, Mcmillan (1981)
2. Laser Fundamentals, by William T. Silfvast, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
3. Principles of Lasers, by Orazio Svelto; Springer, 2009.
4. Laser Spectroscopy and Instrumentation by W. Demtroder.
5. Industrial Applications of Lasers, by K. Koebner (ed.), Wiley (1984).
Session Plan
Session 1
Radiation and waves, basic principles of laser, spontaneous emission-stimulated emission, absorption, Einstein’s coefficients
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YHmGNDMV1cY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WgzynezPiyc
https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/117101054/downloads/lect7.pdf
Session 2
Active medium, population inversion, laser-pumping, laser gain, metastable state, condition for light amplification
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vs-_x5q1bJM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xp3s4Uuu0c0
https://www.slideshare.net/jithinmp/laser-ppt-by-jithin-mpamrita
Session 3
Solid state laser: Ruby Laser
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQ0lMSNuj_o
https://www.slideshare.net/khamphamania/ruby-laser-presentation-ppt
Session 4
Practice 1: (2 hours)
Operation of a Diode laser pumped Nd:YAG laser. Measure its efficiency and spiking effects to be demonstrated or Any other Laser to explain the operation of Lasers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XI18Is5Lp9I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OlGBT28Dmj8
https://www.slideshare.net/jaydipkanpariya1/ndyag-laser-working-and-construction
Session 5
Assignment 1: (2 hours)
Neodymium Glass Lasers – construction, working, properties and applications
Session 6
Liquid Lasers: Principle of laser action, main components of Laser
Session 7
Levels of laser action, three level laser, four level laser
Session 8
Principle, construction and working of Dye laser.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Piv4MdKg0os
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUEbMjtWc-A
http://www.nitttrchd.ac.in/sitenew1/app_sc/ppts/laser/Gas%20&%20Dye%20Lasers.pdf
Session 9
Assignment: (2 hours)
(Any one)
1. Application of Tuning in Dye laser astronomy as a laser guide star
2. Alexandrite Lasers application in dermatology – Working, Properties and Applications in industrial like medical field
3. Model-Locked Ring Dye laser application for Optical Data Storage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZqtV4DigDU
http://dewan.buet.ac.bd/EEE6503/Reports/Report_Chap14_TunableDyeLasers.pdf
Session 10
Gas Laser: Principle, working and usefulness of gas laser, He-Ne laser
Session 11
Lasing action in ion lasers, construction and operation of ion lasers.
Session 12
Practice2: (2 hours)
Determine the wavelength and angular spread of He-Ne laser using plane diffraction grating.
Session 13
Practice 3: (2 hours)
Argon ion laser spectrum- operating and selecting various wavelengths for a single line operation in an Argon Laser.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EwI8cow17Uc
Session 14
Assignment 3: (2 hours)
(Any one)
Application of Krypton ion laser in medicine
Application of Copper vapour laser for entertainment purposes
Application of He-Cadmium laser – Working, Properties and Applications
Industrial application of Carbon dioxide laser for cutting and drilling
Application of excimers laser Photolithography and medical purposes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGntBiyC8iw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y_biQpljz7A
https://slideplayer.com/slide/14556731/
https://www.slideshare.net/drkevinniksarli/what-is-an-excimer-laser
Session 15
Semiconductor Laser: Principle of semiconductor laser diode, threshold frequency, difference between a diode and laser diode
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NpePZjTXqRw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHD0JSE2f1A
https://www.slideshare.net/ashiqshariff/semiconductor-laser-59316180
Session 16
Working principle, characteristics of semiconductor lasers, applications of semiconductor lasers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NpePZjTXqRw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHD0JSE2f1A
https://www.slideshare.net/ashiqshariff/semiconductor-laser-59316180
Session 17
Semiconductor Laser: Semiconductor diode lasers, LED versus Laser diode
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NpePZjTXqRw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHD0JSE2f1A
https://www.slideshare.net/ashiqshariff/semiconductor-laser-59316180
Session 18
Practice 4: (2 hours)
Operating characteristics of a semiconductor diode lasers- measuring its threshold current, output power versus current etc.
Session 19
Assignment 4: (2 hours)
(Any one)
- Application of heterojunction structures to optical devices
- Application of Homojunction lasers
- Application of Quantum well lasers for applications in optical information processing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ih0G46AiP-M
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCfW8Lkb9OE
https://www.slideshare.net/ashiqshariff/semiconductor-laser-59316180
Session 20
Laser applications: Material processing with lasers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2z8F2aw-Tic
https://www.slideshare.net/aman1312/laser-processing-of-different-materials-and-its-application
Session 21
Interaction mechanism, lattice heating, material processing mechanism.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZcCO5VyNLM
https://www.io.csic.es/Web_GPL/personal_pages/Jan/thesis/Chap1.pdf
Session 22
Elementary ideas on material processing mechanism, drilling, cutting and welding process with laser.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5BcvC8Jlf5g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2z8F2aw-Tic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIjUVCho_
https://www.slideshare.net/aman1312/laser-processing-of-different-materials-and-its-application
Session 23
Practice 5 : (2 hours)
Drilling or engraving process with laser – Either Physical lab or virtual lab
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5BcvC8Jlf5g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIjUVCho_xU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikpyIMcK0PM
https://www.slideshare.net/aman1312/laser-processing-of-different-materials-and-its-application
Session 24
Practice 6 :
Cutting and Welding process with laser – Either Physical lab or virtual lab
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5BcvC8Jlf5g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIjUVCho_xU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikpyIMcK0PM
https://www.slideshare.net/aman1312/laser-processing-of-different-materials-and-its-application
Session 25
Assignment 5: (2 hours)
Industrial application of laser - Material processing with lasers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8LNjaWAv9o
Session 26
Elementary ideas on medical Science: Medical lasers, laser diagnostic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kn7JXDGpEfI
Session 27
Session 28
Applications of laser in Laser Dentistry
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1Jek7bLOM4
https://www.slideshare.net/prathyushaent/lasers-in-medicine-basic-principles-and-application
Session 29
Assignment 6: (2 hours)
(Any one or as given by the course instructor)
- Studying the properties of GaN for laser application by density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
- Studying the properties of InGaN for laser application by density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
- Studying the properties of GaAs for laser application by density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
- Studying the properties of AlGaAs for laser application by density functional theory using Biovia Material Studio
Session 30
Optical communication: Elementary ideas on optical source for fiber optical communication, essential characteristics of Laser in fibre optic communication
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxITpsvcj8s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOoNoe9BQp8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoGhOgr0boQ
http://www.nitttrchd.ac.in/sitenew1/app_sc/ppts/ofc/4.%20Optical%20Sources_RB.pdf
Session 31
Optical communication: Optical source for fiber optical communication, essential characteristics of laser in fibre optic communication
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxITpsvcj8s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOoNoe9BQp8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoGhOgr0boQ
http://www.nitttrchd.ac.in/sitenew1/app_sc/ppts/ofc/4.%20Optical%20Sources_RB.pdf
Session 32
Optical Communication: Optical source for fiber optical communication, essential characteristics of laser in fibre optic communication
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxITpsvcj8s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOoNoe9BQp8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoGhOgr0boQ
http://www.nitttrchd.ac.in/sitenew1/app_sc/ppts/ofc/4.%20Optical%20Sources_RB.pdf
Session 33
Assignment 6: (2 hours)
(Any one or as given by the course instructor)
- Studying the properties of “Tungsten oxide-based mediums” for Laser application by using Biovia Material Studio
- Studying the properties of “sapphire crystals usually doped with titanium particles” for Laser application by using Biovia Material Studio
Our Main Teachers
Dr. Padmaja Patnaik
Associate Professor in School of Applied Sciences, Department of Physics
VIEW PROFILEDr. Padmaja Patnaik has done her PhD in Physics from IITB, Mumbai under the guidance of Dr Gautam Mukhopadhya and Dr Prabhakar P Singh of IITB, Mumbai. She focuses on the application of theory behind many scientific research and applications in the field of Physics and Material Science to solve modern day problems and foster […]