Mine Environment and Hazards

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RAMMOHAN PERUMALLA

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Course Name : Mine Environment and Hazards

Code(Credit) : CUTM1107(2-1-0)

Course Objectives

Mine environmental conditions in detail and able to gain knowledge to deal in uncertain conditions like Fire damp conditions, emission of methane and gas outbursts. 

Able to gain knowledge of Spontaneous Combustion,  detection, and preventive measures. 

Gain knowledge on causes of Mine Inundation, statutory provisions.

Know Mine respirable dust generation, dispersable, measurement, and assessment.

Gain knowledge on Rescue and Recovery Operations in terms of preventing loss of life and safe recovery of mine to normal operation.

Learning Outcomes

Understand and able to respond in mine disaster conditions like mine firedamp, methane emissions, gas outburst.

Can able to deal with Spontaneous combustions and mechanism and detection.

Knowledge of causes of mine Inundation, dewatering techniques in waterlogging works, precautionary measures.

Gain knowledge of Airborne respirable dust generation,   measurement, and control techniques.

Understand rescue and recovery operations during mine disaster.

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Course Syllabus

Module I: Mine Air (6 hrs)

Atmospheric air composition, mine air composition and comparison, Mine gases-origin, occurrence, physiological effects, detection, monitoring and control. Methane layering, degasification of coal seams, production, assessment, physiological effects and control.

Module II: Mine Climate

Sources of heat in mines, effects of heat and humidity in mines, testing methods, and devices: psychometry, kata thermometer, control methods or improving of cooling power of mine air: Air conditioning basic vapor cycle, representative layout.

Module III: Mine Explosions (6hrs)

Explosions: Types, mechanism, ignition temperature, lag on the ignition, Causes and preventive measures of underground explosions (Firedamp and coal dust explosions) causes and preventive measures. Stone dusting, stone dust and water barriers, investigation after the explosion.

 

Module IV: Airborne Respirable dust (3hrs) 

Generation, dispersion, measurement, and control; Physiological effects of dust, dust-related diseases.

Module V: Rescue and Recovery Operations (6hrs)

Rescue & Recovery and its Scope. Rescue organization, Rescue stations, Rescue teams Selection Initial & refresher training.

Rescue apparatus self-contained portable breathing apparatus, Gasmasks, Smoke helmets, Self Rescuers, Reviving apparatus with actual rescue operations.

Projects :

Study on Environmental impacts of Firedamp and explosions in Indian coal mines.

Study on Spontaneous Combustion of Coal mines and preventive measures in mines.

Mine Inundation accidents in coal mines.

Study on respirable Airborne disease in Miners and recommendations from Statutory bodies.

Study on Mine Rescue and Recovery operations in Mine Hazards and accidents.

References :

Elements of Mining Technology Vol 2, Deshmukh DJ, Denett & Company.

Mine Environmental Engineering, Volume I Mritunjoy Sengupta, CRC Press

Environmental Engineering in Mines R. D. Lama, Cambridge University Press.

Mine Environmental Engineering H Rabia, British Library.

Short notes on Mine explosions from NIOSH https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/features/coalmineexplosion.html

/https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081004579000213%20%20%20pgno%20352-

Module I: Mine Air (6 hrs)

Atmospheric air composition, mine air composition and comparison, Mine gases-origin, occurrence, physiological effects, detection, monitoring and control. Methane layering, degasification of coal seams, production, assessment, physiological effects and control.

Module II: Mine Climate

Sources of heat in mines, effects of heat and humidity in mines, testing methods, and devices: psychometry, kata thermometer, control methods or improving of cooling power of mine air: Air conditioning basic vapor cycle, representative layout.

Module III: Mine Explosions (6hrs)

Explosions: Types, mechanism, ignition temperature, lag on the ignition, Causes and preventive measures of underground explosions (Firedamp and coal dust explosions) causes and preventive measures. Stone dusting, stone dust and water barriers, investigation after the explosion.

 

Module IV: Airborne Respirable dust (3hrs) 

Generation, dispersion, measurement, and control; Physiological effects of dust, dust-related diseases.

Module V: Rescue and Recovery Operations (6hrs)

Rescue & Recovery and its Scope. Rescue organization, Rescue stations, Rescue teams Selection Initial & refresher training.

Rescue apparatus self-contained portable breathing apparatus, Gasmasks, Smoke helmets, Self Rescuers, Reviving apparatus with actual rescue operations.

Projects :

Study on Environmental impacts of Firedamp and explosions in Indian coal mines.

Study on Spontaneous Combustion of Coal mines and preventive measures in mines.

Mine Inundation accidents in coal mines.

Study on respirable Airborne disease in Miners and recommendations from Statutory bodies.

Study on Mine Rescue and Recovery operations in Mine Hazards and accidents.

References :

Elements of Mining Technology Vol 2, Deshmukh DJ, Denett & Company.

Mine Environmental Engineering, Volume I Mritunjoy Sengupta, CRC Press

Environmental Engineering in Mines R. D. Lama, Cambridge University Press.

Mine Environmental Engineering H Rabia, British Library.

Short notes on Mine explosions from NIOSH https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/features/coalmineexplosion.html

/https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081004579000213%20%20%20pgno%20352-

Module I: Mine Air (6 hrs)

Atmospheric air composition, mine air composition and comparison, Mine gases-origin, occurrence, physiological effects, detection, monitoring and control. Methane layering, degasification of coal seams, production, assessment, physiological effects and control.

Module II: Mine Climate

Sources of heat in mines, effects of heat and humidity in mines, testing methods, and devices: psychometry, kata thermometer, control methods or improving of cooling power of mine air: Air conditioning basic vapor cycle, representative layout.

Module III: Mine Explosions (6hrs)

Explosions: Types, mechanism, ignition temperature, lag on the ignition, Causes and preventive measures of underground explosions (Firedamp and coal dust explosions) causes and preventive measures. Stone dusting, stone dust and water barriers, investigation after the explosion.

 

Module IV: Airborne Respirable dust (3hrs) 

Generation, dispersion, measurement, and control; Physiological effects of dust, dust-related diseases.

Module V: Rescue and Recovery Operations (6hrs)

Rescue & Recovery and its Scope. Rescue organization, Rescue stations, Rescue teams Selection Initial & refresher training.

Rescue apparatus self-contained portable breathing apparatus, Gasmasks, Smoke helmets, Self Rescuers, Reviving apparatus with actual rescue operations.

Projects :

Study on Environmental impacts of Firedamp and explosions in Indian coal mines.

Study on Spontaneous Combustion of Coal mines and preventive measures in mines.

Mine Inundation accidents in coal mines.

Study on respirable Airborne disease in Miners and recommendations from Statutory bodies.

Study on Mine Rescue and Recovery operations in Mine Hazards and accidents.

References :

Elements of Mining Technology Vol 2, Deshmukh DJ, Denett & Company.

Mine Environmental Engineering, Volume I Mritunjoy Sengupta, CRC Press

Environmental Engineering in Mines R. D. Lama, Cambridge University Press.

Mine Environmental Engineering H Rabia, British Library.

Short notes on Mine explosions from NIOSH https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/features/coalmineexplosion.html

/https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081004579000213%20%20%20pgno%20352-

Module I: Mine Air (6 hrs)

Atmospheric air composition, mine air composition and comparison, Mine gases-origin, occurrence, physiological effects, detection, monitoring and control. Methane layering, degasification of coal seams, production, assessment, physiological effects and control.

Module II: Mine Climate (5 hrs)

Sources of heat in mines, effects of heat and humidity in mines, testing methods, and devices: psychometry, kata thermometer, control methods or improving of cooling power of mine air: Air conditioning basic vapor cycle, representative layout.

Module III: Mine Explosions (5hrs)

Explosions: Types, mechanism, ignition temperature, lag on the ignition, Causes and preventive measures of underground explosions (Firedamp and coal dust explosions) causes and preventive measures. Stone dusting, stone dust and water barriers, investigation after the explosion.

Module IV: Spontaneous Heating (6hrs) 

Spontaneous heating: Mechanism, factors governing spontaneous heating, stages of spontaneous heating, symptoms of spontaneous heating in underground mines, detection and prevention of Spontaneous heating, interpretation of mine air samples, Graham’s index, and problems on Graham’s index. Incubation period

Practice:

Detection of different gases by Gas – Chromatograph.

Module V: Mine Inundation (4hrs)

Causes of inundation by surface and underground water by opencast and underground mines, Design and construction of Boundary barriers, Panel barriers, and Water dams.

Module VI: Airborne Respirable dust (3hrs) 

Generation, dispersion, measurement, and control; Physiological effects of dust, dust-related diseases.

Module VII: Rescue and Recovery Operations (5hrs)

Rescue & Recovery and its Scope. Rescue organization, Rescue stations, Rescue teams Selection Initial & refresher training.

Rescue apparatus self-contained portable breathing apparatus, Gasmasks, Smoke helmets, Self Rescuers, Reviving apparatus with actual rescue operations.

Projects :(13 hrs)

Study on Environmental impacts of Firedamp and explosions in Indian coal mines.

Study on Spontaneous Combustion of Coal mines and preventive measures in mines.

Mine Inundation accidents in coal mines.

Study on respirable Airborne disease in Miners and recommendations from Statutory bodies.

Study on Mine Rescue and Recovery operations in Mine Hazards and accidents.

References :

Elements of Mining Technology Vol 2, Deshmukh DJ, Denett & Company.

Mine Environmental Engineering, Volume I Mritunjoy Sengupta, CRC Press

Environmental Engineering in Mines R. D. Lama, Cambridge University Press.

Mine Environmental Engineering H Rabia, British Library.

Short notes on Mine explosions from NIOSH https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/features/coalmineexplosion.html

/https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081004579000213%20%20%20pgno%20352-

Session Plan

Session 1

Introduction on Fire damps and types of Fire Damp and causes

Lecture: with Powerpoint

WEBLINK: PPT on Firedamp (check only up to 9 slides)

https://www.slideshare.net/MSK000/damps-mine-dust

Session 2

LECTURE:

Coal dust explosion and types, prevention and control

WEBLINKS

Coaldust explosion demonstration videos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADN86lCOLh0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Cdhm024-10

Session 3

LECTURE:

Limits of Inflamability gases, Flammable limits of Combustible gas, Cowards diagram.

WEBLINKS:

PPT on Limits of Flammability and Cowards diagram

https://www.slideshare.net/safdar5647/mine-explosions

Session 4

LECTURE :

Methane emissions, detection and control measures

WEBLINKS:

Video demonstration on methane Gas level raise and control measures

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSc_Eba5cHI

Methane Gas detection PPT

https://www.slideshare.net/mehdishaheen05/mine-gas-detections-monitoring

Session 5

LECTURE :

Stone dusting, Stone dust barriers, water barriers

WEBLINKS:

Technical note on Stone Dust barriers from page 16-21

http://www.rokdok.com/ucmsrc/dustrep.pdf

Session 6

LECTURE:

Discussion  on Mine Explosion Environmental impacts

WEBLINKS: Mine Accidents case studies

http://www.mineaccidents.com.au/uploads/explosion-case-study.pdf

Session 7

LECTURE:

Spontaneous heating of Coal 

Different stages of Spontaneous combustion, Phenomenon of Spontaneous Combustion.

WEBLINKS:

Spontaneous Combustion

https://www.slideshare.net/OMPRAKASHRAJAK/spontaneous-combustion-prevention-and-control

Session 8

LECTURE:

Detection and Prevention of Spontaneous Combustion, the proneness of coal by the cross point.

WEBLINKS:

Spontaneous Combustion notes PDF,

https://sci-hub.se/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081004579000213%20%20%20pgno%20352-

Session 9

LECTURE : 

Detection of spontaneous heating, symptoms

WEBLINKS:

Virtual Simulation of Coal mine video

nehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HBFc_R8EpNs

Session 10

LECTURE:

Preventive measures of Spontaneous Combustion, Physical Indicators, Susceptibility Indicies

WEBLINKS:

Preventive measures Technical notes

https://miningandblasting.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/spontaneous_combustion_guidelines.pdf

Session 11

PRESENTATION BY STUDENTS :

Assessment of Spontaneous Combustion in Indian Coal Mines

Session 12

LECTURE:

Mine Inundation- Introduction, Causes of inundation by surface.

WEBLINKS:

Ppt on Mine Inundation

https://www.slideshare.net/venkoos/inundation

Session 13

LECTURE:

Causes of Inundation in opencast and underground mines, Dewatering of waterlogged workings

WEBLINK: Mine dewatering in opencast mines video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KWU5N30Pgo

 

Session 14

LECTURE:

Design and construction of Boundary barriers.

WEBLINKS:

Design and construction of Boundary barriers

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263555481_Design_of_low_permeability_barriers_to_limit_subsurface_mine_water_seepage

Session 15

LECTURE :

Mining Tail Dam management,

WEBLINKS:

FUTURE OF MINING TAILS MANAGEMENT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAQRTLFmsFc

Session 16

LECTURE

Panel Barriers, Water Barriers

Presentation by students on Mine Inundantation accidents in mines

WEBLINKS

Case Study

Study for the application of water barriers to Spanish coal mines

https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/dyna/article/view/42689/53763

Session 17

Session 17

LECTURE

Airborne Respirable dust 

Generation of Airborne dust

WEBLINK

Protecting Airborne Dust Exposures pg (7-10)

https://www.coalservices.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/NEW-CS-Dust-Booklet_Final-artwork.pdf

Session 18

LECTURE

Dispersion and measurement of Coal dust

WEBLINKS

Technical measures of Dust prevention

http://aei.pitt.edu/40136/1/A4547.pdf

Session 19

LECTURE

Monitoring methods of Airborne dust

WEBLINKS

Measurement of Dust control -section 4.5

https://www.who.int/occupational_health/publications/en/oehairbornedust3.pdf?ua=1

 

Session 20

LECTURE

Control of Airborne Dust

WEBLINKS

Control of Airborne particles

https://ohsonline.com/articles/2009/10/01/control-of-airborne-particles.aspx?admgarea=ht.IndoorAirQuality&m=1

Session 21

LECTURE

Health effects on miners, the Exposabilty limits in mines

WEBLINKS

Occupational exposure limits section 4.3.2

https://www.who.int/occupational_health/publications/en/oehairbornedust3.pdf?ua=1

Session 22

LECTURE

Occupational Exposures to Respirable dust

WEBLINKS

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282159905_Occupational_Exposure_to_Respirable_Dust_Respirable_Crystalline_Silica_and_Diesel_Engine_Exhaust_Emissions_in_the_London_Tunnelling_Environment

Session  23

LECTURE

Physiological effects of coal dust

WEBLINKS

Coal Mines dust exposures and outcomes

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-172/pdfs/2011-172.pdf?id=10.26616/NIOSHPUB2011172

Session 24

LECTURE

Respiratory disease outcomes, Pneumoconiosis in Coal workers.

WEBLINKS

Coal Mine Dust Exposures and Associated Health Outcomes

Coal dust exposure and black lung disease- Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mylbjpYXYj8

http://Coal Mine Dust Exposures and Associated Health Outcomes

Session 25

LECTURE

Dust related diseases in miners

Presentation on Respirable airborne disease in miners and recommendations

WEBLINKS

Monitoring and sampling approaches

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cj9b5IQjdtA

Session 26

LECTURE

Rescue & Recovery and its Scope

WEBLINK

questionnaire on rescue and recovery operations

https://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Land/Mining/BureauofMineSafety/Services/Emergency/QA/Pages/default.aspx

Session 27

LECTURE

Rescue Organization, Rescue stations, and Rescue teams

WEBLINKS

Rescue station

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ddVpVU9KY9Q

Session 28

LECTURE

Initial rescue and refresher training

WEBLINKS

Mine Rescue mock drilling

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9y6hjJVFy24

Session 29

LECTURE :

Rescue apparatus self-contained portable breathing apparatus, Gasmasks, Smoke helmets.

WEBLINKS

Mine Rescue apparatus video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_r-PdN4b_4w

 

Session 30

LECTURE

Self Rescuers, Reviving apparatus with actual rescue operations

WEBLINKS

Self-contained self-rescuer video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dfsXnqrtYR4

Session 31

Presentation by students on project Mine rescue and recovery operations

Session 32

Content 32

Case Studies

Case Studies

Course Name : Title Here

Code(Credit) : ABC01(1-1-0)

Course Objectives

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Learning Outcomes

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Course Syllabus

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Session Plan

Session 1

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Session 2

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Case Studies

Case Studies

Course Name : Title Here

Code(Credit) : ABC01(1-1-0)

Course Objectives

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Learning Outcomes

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Course Syllabus

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Session Plan

Session 1

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Session 2

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Case Studies

Case Studies

Course Name : Title Here

Code(Credit) : ABC01(1-1-0)

Course Objectives

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Learning Outcomes

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Course Syllabus

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Session Plan

Session 1

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Session 2

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Case Studies

Case Studies

Course Name : Title Here

Code(Credit) : ABC01(1-1-0)

Course Objectives

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Learning Outcomes

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Course Syllabus

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Session Plan

Session 1

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Session 2

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Case Studies

Case Studies

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RAMMOHAN PERUMALLA

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