Pharmaceutical chemistry-II (D.pharmacy)
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Course Name : Pharmaceutical Chemistry-II
Code(Credit) : DCPY1202 (3-3-0)
Course Objectives
This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure, chemistry and therapeutic value of drugs.
Emphasizes on chemical synthesis of important drugs under each class
Learning Outcomes
write the structure, IUPAC name of drugs
chemical synthesis of some drugs
understand the chemistry of drugs with respect to their pharmacological activity
understand the adverse effect and therapeutic value of drugs
Course Syllabus
MODULE-I
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems with particular reference to hetero-cyclic system containing up to 3 rings.
MODULE-II
The chemistry of following pharmaceutical organic compounds covering their nomenclature, chemical structure, uses and the important physical and chemical properties(chemical structure of only those compounds marked with asterisk (*). The stability and storage conditions and the different type of pharmaceutical formulations of these drugs and their popular brand names.
Antiseptics and Disinfectants-Proflavine*, Benzalkonium chloride, Cetrimide, Phenol, chloroxylenol, Formaldehyde solution, Hexachlophene, Nitrofurantoin.
Sulphonamides- Sulphadiazine, Sulphaguanidine, Phthalylsulphathaizole, Succinylsulphathiazole, Sulphadimethoxine, Sulphamethoxypyridazine, Co-trimoxazole, sulfacetamide*
Antileprotic Drugs- Clofazimine , Thiambutosine, Dapsone*, solapsone,
Anti-tubercular Drugs- Isoniazid*, PAS*, Streptomycin, Rifampicin, Ethambutol*, Thiacetazone, Ethionamide, cycloserine, pyrazinamide*.
Antimoebic and Anthelmintic Drugs- Emetine, Metronidazole, Halogenated hydroxyquinolines, Diloxanide furoate, Paromomycin , Piperazine*, Mebendazole, D.E.C.*
Antibiotics- Benzyl penicillin*, Phenoxy methyl penicillin*, Benzathine penicillin, Ampicillin*, Cloxacillin, Carbencicillin, Gentamicin, Neomycin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Cephalexin, Cephaloridine, Cephalothin, Griseofulvin, Chloramphenicol.
Antifungal agents- Udecylenic acid, Tolnaftate, Nystatin, Amphotericin, Hamycin.
Antimalarial Drugs-Chloroquine*,Amodiaquine, Primaquine, Proguanil, Pyrimethamine*, Quinine, Trimethoprim.
Tranquilizers-Chlorpromazine*, Prochlorperazine, Trifluoperazine, Thiothixene, Haloperiodol*, Triperiodol, Oxypertine, Chlordizepoxide, Diazepam*, Lorazepam, Meprobamate.
Hypnotics- Phenobarbitone*, Butobarbitone, Cylobarbitone, Nitrazepam, Glutethimide*, Methyprylon, Paraldehyde, Triclofosodium.
General Anaesthetics- Halothane*, Cyclopropane*, Diethyl ether*, Methohexital sodium, Thiopecal sodium, Trichloroethylene.
Antidepressant Drugs- Amitriptyline, Nortryptyline, Imperamine*, Phepelzine, Tranylcypromine.
Analeptics- Theophylline, Caffeine*, Coramine*, Dextro-amphetamine.
Adrenergic drugs- Adrenaline*, Noradrenaline, Isoprenaline*, Phenylephrine, Salbutamol, Terbutaline, Ephedrne*, Pseudoephedrine.
Adrenergic antagonist- Tolazoline, Propranolol*, Practolol.
Cholinergic Drugs- Neostigmine*, Pyridostigmine, Pralidoxime, Pilocarpine, Physostigmine*
Cholinergic Antagonists- Atropine*, Hyoscine, Homatropine, Propantheline*, Benztropine, Tropicamide, Biperiden*.
Diuretic Drugs- Furosemide*, Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazidc*, Benzthiazide, Urea*, Mannitol*, Ethacrynic Acid.
Cardiovascular Drugs- Ethylnitrite*, Glyceryl trinitrate, Alpha methyldopa, Guanethidine, Clofibrate, Quinidine.
Hypoglycemie Agents- Insulin, Chlorpropamide*, Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide, Phenformin*, Metformin.
Coagulants and Anti coagulants- Heparin, Thrombin, Menadione*, Bisphydroxycoumarin, Warfarin sodium.
Local Anaesthetics- Lignocaine*, Procaine*, Benzocaine,
Histamine and anti Histaminic Agents- Histamine, Diphenhydramine*, Promethazine, Cyproheptadine, Mepyramine*, Pheniramine, Chlorpheniramine*,
Analgesics and Anti-pyretics-Morphine, Pethidine, Codeine, Mathadone, Aspirin*, Paracetamol, Analgin, Dextropropoxphene, Pentazocine.
Non-steriodal anti-inflammatory agents- Indomethacin*, Phenylbutazone*, Oxyphenbutazone, Ibuprofen.
Thyroxine and Antithyroids- Thyroxine*, Methimazole, Methyl thiouracil, Propylthiouracil.
Diagnostic Agents- Lopanoic Acid, Propyliodone, Sulfobromopthalein-sodium, Indigotindisulfonate, Indigo Carmine, Evans blue, Congo Red, Fluorescein sodium.
Anticonvulsants, cardiac glycosides, Antiarrhythmic, Antihypertensives & Vitamins. Steroidal Drugs- Betamethasone, Cortisone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone, Progesterone, Testosterone, Oestradiol, Nandrolone.
Anti-Neoplastic Drugs- Actinomycin, Azathioprie, Busulphan, Chloramubucil, Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Daunorubicin Hydrochoride, Fluorouracil, Mercaptopurine, Methotrexate, Mytomycin.
Reference Books
1.Pharmacopoeia of India
2. British Pharmaceutical codex
3. Martindale's Extra pharmacopoeia
4. pharmaceutical chemistry- II, Thakur publication
Session Plan
Session 1
Introduction to organic chemistry
Session 2
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems of simple compound- part 1
Session 3
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems of simple compound - part 2
Session 4
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems of simple compound - part 3
Session 5
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems with particular reference to hetero-cyclic system containing up to 3 rings- part 1
Session 6
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems with particular reference to hetero-cyclic system containing up to 3 rings- part 2
Session 7
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems with particular reference to hetero-cyclic system containing up to 3 rings- part 3
Session 8
Antiseptics and Disinfectants- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 9
Proflavine, Benzalkonium chloride, Cetrimide, Phenol
Session 10
chloroxylenol, Formaldehyde solution, Hexachlophene, Nitrofurantoin.
Session 11
Sulphonamides- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 12
Sulphadiazine, Sulphaguanidine, Phthalylsulphathaizole, Succinylsulphathiazole
Session 13
Sulphadimethoxine, Sulphamethoxypyridazine, Co-trimoxazole, sulfacetamide
Session 14
Antileprotic Drugs- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 16
Anti-tubercular Drugs- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 18
Ethambutol*, Thiacetazone, Ethionamide, cycloserine, pyrazinamide
Session 19
Antimoebic and Anthelmintic Drugs- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 23
Benzyl penicillin*, Phenoxy methyl penicillin*, Benzathine penicillin, Ampicillin
Session 27
Antifungal agents- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 29
Antimalarial Drugs-definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 33
Chlorpromazine*, Prochlorperazine, Trifluoperazine, Thiothixene, Haloperiodol
Session 39
Adrenergic drugs- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 45
Antidepressant Drugs- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 46
Amitriptyline, Nortryptyline, Imperamine*, Phepelzine, Tranylcypromine
Session 50
Cholinergic Drugs-definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 52
Cholinergic Antagonists- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 59
Ethylnitrite*, Glyceryl trinitrate, Alpha methyldopa, Guanethidine, Clofibrate, Quinidine.
Session 60
Analgesics and Anti-pyretics-definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 63
Histamine and anti Histaminic Agents- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 67
Coagulants and Anti coagulants-definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 69
Hypoglycemie Agents-definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 70
Insulin, Chlorpropamide*, Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide, Phenformin*, Metformin.
Session 71
Non-steriodal anti-inflammatory agents- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 73
Thyroxine and Antithyroids-definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 75
Diagnostic Agents-definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 76
Lopanoic Acid, Propyliodone, Sulfobromopthalein-sodium, Indigotindisulfonate
Session 78
Anticonvulsants- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 79
Cardiac glycosides- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 81
Antihypertensives - definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 86
Anti-Neoplastic Drugs- definition, classification and mechanism of action
Session 89
Mercaptopurine, Methotrexate, Mytomycin, Daunorubicin Hydrochoride, Fluorouracil.
PRACTICAL
SYLLABUS
- Systematic qualitative testing of organic drugs involving solubility determination, melting point and/or boiling point, detection of elements and functional groups (10 compounds).
- Official identification tests for certain groups of drugs included in the I.P. like barbiturates, sulfonamides, Phenothiazines, Antibiotics etc.(8 compounds).
- Preparation of three simple organic preparations.
BOOK REFERENCES
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry-ii Theory And Practical- by Av Kasture,Sg Wadodkar
- Pharmaceutical chemistry- II laboratory manual- by Amrita Parle
Experiment 15
Identification test of drugs- Sulphonamide
Experiment 16
Identification test of drugs- phenothiazine
Experiment 17
Identification test of drugs- cephalosporin
Experiment 18
Identification test of drugs- Azithromycin
Experiment 19
Identification test of drugs- metronidazole
Experiment 20
Identification test of drugs- penicillin
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