Pharmacology I practical

Course Objective:

The main purpose of the subject is to understand what drugs do to living organisms and how their effects can be applied to therapeutics. The subject covers information about the drugs like the mechanism of action, physiological and biochemical effects (pharmacodynamics) as well as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (pharmacokinetics) along with the adverse effects, clinical uses, interactions, doses, contraindications and routes of administration of different classes of drugs.

Course Outcome

CO	Statement	Mapping with POs
CO-1	Understand the pharmacological actions of different categories of drugs	PO1, PO2, PO8
CO-2	Explain the mechanism of drug action at organ system/sub-cellular/ macromolecular levels.	PO1, PO6, PO9
CO-3	Apply basic pharmacological knowledge in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.	PO1, PO2, PO8
CO-4	Observe the effect of drugs on animals by simulated experiments	PO1, PO3, PO6, PO8
CO-5	To get knowledge for the practical skills required to conduct preclinical toxicity studies.	PO1, PO2, PO6

1. Introduction to experimental pharmacology.
2. Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology.
3. Study of common laboratory animals.
4. Maintenance of laboratory animals as per CPCSEA guidelines.
5. Common laboratory techniques. Blood withdrawal, serum and plasma separation,
anesthetics and euthanasia used for animal studies.
6. Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.
7. Study of effect of hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers on the phenobarbitone
sleeping time in mice.
8. Effect of drugs on ciliary motility of frog oesophagus
9. Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.
10. Effects of skeletal muscle relaxants using rota-rod apparatus.
11. Effect of drugs on locomotor activity using actophotometer.
12. Anticonvulsant effect of drugs byMES and PTZ method.
13. Study of stereotype and anti-catatonic activity of drugs on rats/mice.
14. Study of anxiolytic activity of drugs using rats/mice.
15. Study of local anesthetics by different methods

Session Plan

experiment1

Introduction to experimental pharmacology

https://www.google.com/search?q=introduction+of+pharmacology+slideshare&rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&oq=introduction+of+pharmacology+&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l7j0i22i30l2.14033j0j15&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Experiment 2

Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology.https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01M-Cqo8JEOCi31Ee8E_KSGIZoVlA%3A1615194743117&ei=d-pFYKHLBoKm9QOSwIDQCA&q=Commonly+used+instruments+in+experimental+pharmacology.&oq=Commonly+used+instruments+in+experimental+pharmacology.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjoHCCMQ6gIQJ1Di-gdY4voHYP7_B2gCcAJ4AIABpgOIAZcGkgEFMy0xLjGYAQCgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjh4p-nraDvAhUCU30KHRIgAIoQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 3

Study of common laboratory animals.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk004Azxccrmo_QdYEAa2tBaV_Tucxw%3A1615194886271&ei=ButFYNKJENXl9QPu-b2QBg&q=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&oq=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjoHCCMQ6gIQJ1DUgwpY1IMKYMOQCmgBcAJ4AIABvgKIAfsEkgEDMy0ymAEAoAEBoAECqgEHZ3dzLXdperABCsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjSpMHrraDvAhXVcn0KHe58D2IQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 4

Study of common laboratory animals.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk004Azxccrmo_QdYEAa2tBaV_Tucxw%3A1615194886271&ei=ButFYNKJENXl9QPu-b2QBg&q=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&oq=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjoHCCMQ6gIQJ1DUgwpY1IMKYMOQCmgBcAJ4AIABvgKIAfsEkgEDMy0ymAEAoAEBoAECqgEHZ3dzLXdperABCsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjSpMHrraDvAhXVcn0KHe58D2IQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 5

Common laboratory techniques. Blood withdrawal, serum and plasma separation, anesthetics and euthanasia used for animal studies.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk031i46HFCPJwjWFzpvY9NaMPEz5xA%3A1615195462620&ei=Ru1FYK2vJcvgrQHp97zoDQ&q=Common+laboratory+techniques.+Blood+withdrawal%2C+serum+and+plasma+separation%2C+anesthetics+and+euthanasia+used+for+animal+studies.&oq=Common+laboratory+techniques.+Blood+withdrawal%2C+serum+and+plasma+separation%2C+anesthetics+and+euthanasia+used+for+animal+studies.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECdQ6tsEWOrbBGDo5QRoAnACeACAAZgEiAGYBJIBAzUtMZgBAaABAaABAqoBB2d3cy13aXqwAQrAAQE&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwit6qr-r6DvAhVLcCsKHek7D90Q4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 6

Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 7

Study of effect of hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers on the phenobarbitone
sleeping time in mice.https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk03rQdI-dJjq1Un000eLIhCgMhbPig%3A1615195630046&ei=7u1FYOWfApnVrtoPkMOY-AE&q=Study+of+effect+of+hepatic+microsomal+enzyme+inducers+on+the+phenobarbitone+sleeping+time+in+mice.&oq=Study+of+effect+of+hepatic+microsomal+enzyme+inducers+on+the+phenobarbitone+sleeping+time+in+mice.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBAgAEB46BwgjEOoCECdQ3-YDWN_mA2CK8ANoAXACeACAAfwCiAGkBZIBBTItMS4xmAEAoAEBoAECqgEHZ3dzLXdperABCsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjlzpXOsKDvAhWZqksFHZAhBh8Q4dUDCA4&uact=5

Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 8

Effect of drugs on ciliary motility of frog oesophagus

cilliary motility

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 9

Effects of skeletal muscle relaxants using rota-rod apparatus.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk03u-uIVIqxQdBQ9fCohvT8W-UXn1w:1615196203845&q=Effects+of+skeletal+muscle+relaxants+using+rotarod+apparatus.&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwitz-PfsqDvAhVQAXIKHdWMD_0QBSgAegQIAxAw&biw=1366&bih=625

Experiment 10

Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.

Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.ttps://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 11

Effect of drugs on locomotor activity using actophotometer.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&biw=1366&bih=625&sxsrf=ALeKk01LERyDb8NTdM_Bp_Hj4CzLQ-ZxXA%3A1615196216805&ei=OPBFYKzVMMeR9QPAk7uYDA&q=Effect+of+drugs+on+locomotor+activity+using+actophotometer.&oq=Effect+of+drugs+on+locomotor+activity+using+actophotometer.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUKejCVinowlgwaoJaAFwAngAgAHLAogBlAWSAQMzLTKYAQCgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwis0frlsqDvAhXHSH0KHcDJDsMQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 12

Anticonvulsant effect of drugs byMES and PTZ method.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01RfSoACU10lgOO51eYRL-dpE-ZAA:1615196433672&q=Anticonvulsant+effect+of+drugs+by+MES+and+PTZ+method.&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjbkq_Ns6DvAhVLfSsKHbrYAK0QBSgAegQIAxAw&biw=1366&bih=625