Physics of Solids and Semiconductors

Teacher

Dr. Nibedita Nayak

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name : Physics of Solids and Semiconductors

Code(Credit) : CUTM1413(3-1-0)

Course Objectives

  • To learn about crystal structure, electronic and dielectric properties of solids.
  • To learn about basic properties of metals, insulators and semiconductors.
  • To learn about semiconductor physics and discuss working & applications of basic devices.

Course Outcome

COs Course outcomes Mapping COs with POs   (High-3, Medium-2, Low-1)
CO1 understand the structure and band theory of solids PO1-3, PO2-2, PO3-2
CO2 understand lattice dynamics and specific heat of solids PO1-3, PO2-2, PO3-3,
CO3 study the dielectric  properties of solids PO1-3, PO2-2, PO3-3, PO7-3
CO4 Describe magnetism and superconductivity PO1-1, PO2-3, PO3-2, PO7-3
CO5 Analyze different types of semiconductors and study different types of defects PO1-3, PO2-2, PO3-2

Course Syllabus

Module-1

Structure of Solids

Bravais lattice, primitive unit cell, Wigner-Seitz cell, classification of 2- and 3-dimensional Bravais lattices, miller indices, Braggs law of X-ray diffraction   Atomic and geometric structure factors, Reciprocal lattice and Brillouin zone

Practice-1

V Lab: To study various crystals structures (or Using Biovia MS)

Module-II

Band Theory of Solids

Introduction to free electron theory, Bloch equation, Nearly free electron model. Kronig-Penny model, Effective mass

Practice-2

Determination of band gap of semiconductor by four probe method

Module-III

Lattice Dynamics

Classical theory of lattice vibration under harmonic approximation, Dispersion relations of one dimension lattices, Mono atomic and diatomic cases, Characteristics of different modes, Long wavelength limit.

Practice-3

Determination of thermal and electrical conductivity of metals (copper and silver)

Module-IV

Specific Heat

Lattice heat capacity, Debye and Einstein models-comparison with electronic heat capacity, Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity

Practice-4

Determination of specific heat of solids (copper, glass and lead)

Module-V

Dielectric Properties of Solids

Dielectric constant and polarizability (ionic, electronic and dipolar), local field, Claussius Mossotti relation, Complex dielectric constant and dielectric losses

Practice-5

Determination of dielectric constant of air, glass and polystyrenes

Module-VI

Magnetism and Superconductivity

Magnetic properties of solids, Quantum theories of dia, para and ferromagnetism, Superconductivity: Type-I and Type II superconductors, Meissner effect, London equation, BCS Theory

Module-VII

Semiconductors and Defects

Semiconductor and their types (P and N type) and insulator, Conductivity of semiconductor, Mobility, Direct and indirect band gap semiconductors, Defects and their classification, Frenkel and Schottky defects.

Practice-6

Study of Hall effect (Determination of nature of charge carriers in a semiconductor)

Text Books:

  1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittel, Wiley.
  2. Principles of Semiconductor devices, Bart Van Zeghbroeck.

Reference Books:

  1. Solid State Physics, by N. W. Ashcroft and N. D. Mermin (Cornell University)
  2. Introduction to Solid State Physics,S. O. Pillai, New Age International-

Session Plan

Session 1

Session 6

Practice-1 (2 hours)

To study various crystals structures by V-Lab and by using Biovia Material Studio.

http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=1&brch=282&sim=370&cnt=1

Session 7

Session 10

Session 11

Practice-2 (2 hours)

Determination of band gap of semiconductor by Four Probe method /

Plotting the band diagram of different semiconductors using Biovia Material Studio

http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=1&brch=282&sim=1512&cnt=1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0NGS978DWA

Session 12

Classical theory of lattice vibration under harmonic approximation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-iMIOb05ag

https://slideplayer.com/slide/13317604/

Session 13

Dispersion relations of one dimension monoatomic lattices

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp07Xa-HZis

https://slideplayer.com/slide/15156630/

Session 14

Dispersion relations of one dimension diatomic lattices

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEUrum2Fl-0

https://slideplayer.com/slide/17095390/

Session 15

Characteristics of different modes, long wavelength limit

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2k-hnmDdp48

https://slideplayer.com/slide/4173494/

Session 16

Practice-3 (2 hours)

Determination of thermal and electrical conductivity of metals (copper and silver)

Session 18

Einstein’s model of  heat capacity , comparison of Debye and Einstein model

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4EFcpStpTeA

https://www.slideshare.net/syedsumon/specific-heat-capacity-248754040

Session 21

Practice-4 (2 hours)

Determination of specific heat of solids (copper, glass and lead)

Session 22

Dielectric constant and polarizability

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2KTGdX951Z0

PDF Dielectrics

Session 27

Session 33

Session 36

Practice-6 (2 hours)

Study of Hall Effect (Determination of nature of charge carriers in a semiconductor)

Our Main Teachers

  Dr. Nibedita Nayak is working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Physics, School of Applied Sciences, Bhubaneswar Campus of Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha. She completed her Ph.D from Berhampur University in 2018. She is working on computational tools and new material development. She has more than six years of […]

Ph.D. (Topic: Effect on Electrical Properties of Rare Earth Doped BiFeO3– PbZrO3) from Sambalpur University with the collaboration of Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata is presently Assistant Professor at Department of Physics, School of Applied Sciences, CUTM, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. I have guided 6 M.Phil students (6 completed ) and 2 PhD student […]