PRINCIPLES OF AQUACULTURE

Teacher

Dr. K. S. Krishna Prasad

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Course Name : Principles of Aquaculture

Code(Credit) : FSAQ1101(1-1-0)

Course Objectives

  • Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish.
  • Successful aquaculture takes into consideration the biology of the aquatic species such as feeding, water flow and temperature needs, and disease prevention and engineering design like water source and water quality study, pond and tank containment systems, water filtration and aeration. Common products of aquaculture are catfish, tilapia, trout, crawfish, oysters, shrimp, and salmon, and tropical fish for aquariums.

Course Outcomes

  • COs Course outcome Mapping COs with POs
    CO-1 Understands the basics of aquaculture, definition, scope and its history, present global and national scenario. PO1, PO5
    CO-2 Identify the different systems of aquaculture in different types of water bodies PO1, PO2, PO5
    CO-3 Demonstrate the pre-stocking and post stocking pond management preparation steps PO1, PO2
    CO-4 Major candidate species for aquaculture and criteria for selection of candidate species for aquaculture PO1, PO2, PO5
    CO-5 Understand the water and soil quality in relation to fish production and physical, chemical and biological factors affecting productivity of ponds PO1, PO2, PO4, PO5

    PO1: Knowledge enhancement

    PO2:Professional and Entrepreneurial Skill development

    PO4: Problem Solving

    PO5: Environment and Sustainability

Course Syllabus

Theory
Freshwater and marine fish seed resources. Natural breeding of finfishes. Selection of riverine spawn collection sites, gears used and methods of collection. Spawn quality and quantity indices. Advantages and disadvantages of riverine seed collection. Sexual maturity and breeding season of various cultivable species. Development of gametes in male and female. Fish egg and embryonic development. Methods of breeding; bundh breeding - wet and dry bundhs, collection and hatching of eggs, factors involved in bundh breeding, advantages and disadvantages of bundh breeding. Induced breeding of warmwater finfishes, environmental factors affecting spawning, sympathetic breeding. Hypophysation of fishes. Fish pituitary gland – its structure, collection, preservation and preparation of extract for injection, dosages and methods of injection. Brood-stock management and transportation of brood fish. Synthetic hormones used for induced breeding of carps. Different types of fish hatcheries-traditional, Chinese, glass jar and modern controlled hatcheries. Causes of mortalities of eggs and spawn and remedies. Spawn rearing techniques. Use of anesthetics in fish breeding and transport. Breeding techniques for Indian major carps, exotic carps, mahaseers, trouts, tilapias, catfishes, grey-mullets, milk fish, pearl spot, sea bass, sea hourse, groupers, pacu, cobia,
pompanos and indigenous fishes, etc. Off-season andmultiple breeding of carps. Reproductive Biology of IMC, Development, maturation and maintainance of gonads, anatomy of gonads, developmental stages, endocrine control of reproduction, cryopreservation of fish gametes.

Practicals
Study of maturity stages in fishes. Collection and preservation of fish pituitary gland, preparation of PG extract, Hypophysation. Calculation of fecundity. Brood-stock maintenance and selection of breeders for injection. Histological studies of ovary and testes. Different fish hatchery systems, study of fish eggs and embryonic developmental stages. Identification of eggs, spawn, fry and fingerlings of different species. Preparation and management of fish nursery. Fish seed and broodstock transportation, use of anesthetics, disinfectants and antibiotics in fish breeding. Water quality monitoring in fish hatcheries and nurseries. Breeding and larval rearing of common finfishes.

Suggested Readings

1. Breeding and Seed Production of Finfish and Shellfish- P.C. Thomas
2. Aquaculture: Principles and Practices - T.V.R.Pillay
3.Freshwater Aquaculture - R.K.Rath
4.Handbook of Fisheries and Aquaculture - ICAR publication

Session Plan

Session 1

Aquaculture – Basics and Scope

Aquaculture – Basics and Scope Video Link

Session 2-History of aquaculture: Present global andnational scenario. Aquaculture vs Agriculture

Unit 2 History of Aquaculture

History of Aquaculture Video Link

Session 3-Systems of aquaculture - pond culture, pen culture,cage culture, running water culture and zero water exchange system.
Extensive, semi-intensive,intensive and super intensive aquaculture in different types of water bodies
viz., freshwater,brackish water inland saline and marine water

Unit 3 Different systems of Aquaculture

Different systems of Aquaculture Video Link

Session 4- Principles of organic aquaculture

Unit 4 Principles of organic aquaculture

Principles of organic aquaculture Video Link

Session 5- Site Selection and Construction of Fish Farm

Unit 5 Site selection and construction of fish farm

Site selection and construction of fish farm Video Link

Session 6- Pre-Stocking Management For newly Constructed and Old Pond

Unit 6 Pre-stocking_management_practices

Pre-stocking_management_practices Video Link

Session 7 Post Stocking Management For Pond,
Carrying capacity of pond, factors influencing carryingcapacity-<a

Unit 7 Post stocking management

Post-Stocking Management Practice Video Link

Session 8-Criteria for selection of candidate species for aquaculture.
Major candidate species foraquaculture: freshwater, brackish-water and marine. Monoculture, polyculture and integratedculture systems.

Unit 8 Selection of candidate fish species for Aquaculture

Unit 8 Selection of candidate species for Aquaculture

Selection of candidate fish species for Aquaculture Video Link

Session 9- Water and soil quality in relation to fish production.

Unit 9 Soil and water quality parameters in aquaculture

Soil and water quality parameters in aquaculture Video Link

Session 10-Physical, chemical andbiological factors affecting productivity of ponds

Unit 10 Physical, chemical and biological factors affecting productivity of ponds

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Factors affecting productivity of ponds Video Link

Session 11- Fish Nutrition and Feed Management In Aquaculture

Unit 11 Fish Nutrition and Feed Management

Fish Nutrition and Feed Management Video Link

Session 12- Fish Health Management in Culture System

Unit 12 Fish Health Management

Fish Health Management Video Link

Session 13- Economics of Aquaculture,Factors affecting the economics of aquaculture

Unit 13 Aquaculture Economics

Aquaculture Economics Video Link

Case Studies

Case Studies

Our Main Teachers

Dr. K. S. Krishna Prasad is Ph.D. in fisheries working as Dean, School of Fisheries, Centurion University of Management and Technology. Earlier to this he has retired as Professor and University Head, Sri Venkateshwara Veterinary University,Tirupati. He has worked in all the major wings of university namely teaching,research and extension equally spanning over 34 years […]