Principles of Plant Breeding
Teacher
Dr. Vinay Kumar
Category
Core Courses
Course Attendees
Still no participant
Course Reviews
Still no reviews
Course Objectives
-To acquire Skills about plant breeding objectives, genetic consequences and different plant breeding methods for crop improvement.
-To impart knowledge to the students on the principles and procedures of plant breeding in self and cross pollinated crops for development of the high yielding varieties / hybrids with the help of various conventional and modern molecular approaches.
-To get knowledge of genetic resources, evolution and their role in development of noble varieties is the need of the hour.
Course Outcomes (CO) - Program Specific Outcome (PSO) Mapping
| COs | Course outcomes | Mapping COs with PSOs |
| CO1 | Understanding the basic concepts of plant breeding | PSO1 |
| CO2 | Analyze the different selection and breeding methods applied in crop improvement | PSO2 |
| CO3 | Development of varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses and quality improvement | PSO1 |
| CO4 | Understanding the rights related to research, varietal development and seed production | PSO3, PSO4 |
Programme Specific Outcomes
PSO1: Impart knowledge and understanding of fundamental concepts and techniques of maintaining and enhancing soil fertility, crop production, crop management, crop improvement, biodiversity and sustainability of agriculture worldwide.
PSO2: Develop the ability to know farming practices and their scope to improve in the rural areas and the environments.
PSO3: Apply knowledge of basic science through Agricultural microbiology, Plant biochemistry and Biotechnology.
PSO4: Apply knowledge of Agri-business management and finance to develop profitable agricultural system.
Course Syllabus
Theory
Early Plant Breeding; Accomplishments through plant breeding; Objectives of plant breeding; Patterns of Evolution in Crop Plants: Centre of Origin, Agro-biodiversity and its significance. Pre-breeding and plant introduction and role of plant genetic resources in plant breeding. Genetic basis of breeding: self and cross pollinated crops including mating systems and response to selection; Nature of variability, components of variation; Heritability and genetic advance, genotype environment interaction; General and specific combining ability; Types of gene actions and implications in plant breeding. Pure line theory, pure line and mass selection methods; pedigree, bulk, backcross, single seed descent and multiline breeding; Population breeding in self-pollinated crops with special reference to diallel selective mating; Transgressive breeding.Breeding methods in cross pollinated crops; Population breeding: mass selection and ear-to-row methods; S1 and S2 progeny testing, progeny selection schemes, recurrent selection schemes for intra and inter-population improvement and development of synthetics and composites. Hybrid breeding: genetically and physiological basis of heterosis and inbreeding, production of inbreeds, breeding approaches for improvement of inbreeds, predicting hybrid performance; seed production of hybrid and their parent varieties/ inbreeds. Self-incompatibility, male sterility and apomixes in crop plants and their commercial exploitation. Breeding methods in asexually/ clonally propagated crops, clonal selection. Special breeding techniques: Mutation breeding, breeding for abiotic and biotic stresses; Concept of plant ideotype and its role in crop improvement, concept of MAS, concept of polyploidy and wide hybridization, doubled haploidy. Cultivar development: testing, release and notification, maintenance breeding, Participatory Plant Breeding, Plant breeders’ rights and regulations for plant variety protection and farmers rights.
Practical
Floral biology in self and cross pollinated species; Selfing and crossing techniques; Selection methods in segregating populations and evaluation of breeding material; Analysis of variance (ANOVA); Estimation of heritability and genetic advance; Maintenance of experimental records; Learning techniques in hybrid seed production using male-sterility in field crops; Prediction of performance of double cross hybrid.
Text Books / References
Allard RW. 1981. Principles of Plant Breeding. John Wiley & Sons.
Chahal GS and Gossal, SS. 2002. Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding Biotechnological and Conventional approaches. Narosa Publishing House.
Chopra VL. 2004. Plant Breeding. Oxford& IBH.
George A. 2012. Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding. John Wiley & Sons. Gupta SK. 2005. Practical Plant Breeding. Agribios.
Jain HK and Kharakwal MC. 2004. Plant Breeding and–Mendelian to Molecular Approach, Narosa Publications, New Delhi
Roy D. 2003. Plant Breeding, Analysis and Exploitation of Variation. Narosa Publ. House. Sharma JR. 2001. Principles and Practice of Plant Breeding. Tata McGraw-Hill.
Sharma JP. 2010. Principles of Vegetable Breeding. Kalyani Publ, New Delhi. Simmonds NW.1990. Principles of Crop Improvement. English Language Book Society. Singh BD. 2006. Plant Breeding. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Singh S and Pawar IS. 2006. Genetic Bases and Methods of Plant Breeding. CBS.
Session Plan
Theory
Session 1
Unit I: Early Plant Breeding, Accomplishments through plant breeding, Objectives of plant breeding
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ATRfaiaOLg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZ0O0-tbhCs&list=PLMwQyDnbQLRUsaJXwn0lgTREs3e3pmqYi
Session 2
Patterns of Evolution in Crop Plants: Centre of Origin
Session 4
Pre-breeding and plant introduction and role of plant genetic resources in plant breeding
Session 5
Unit II: Genetic basis of breeding: self and cross pollinated crops including mating systems and response to selection
Session 10
General and specific combining ability
Session 11
Types of gene actions and implications in plant breeding
Session 14
Pedigree, bulk, backcross, single seed descent and multiline breeding
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z5sW2P1_O10
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3hVxx9RMVU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bY3dMjATlzk
Session 15
Population breeding in self-pollinated crops with special reference to diallel selective mating
Session 17
Unit IV: Breeding methods in cross pollinated crops
Session 18
Population breeding: mass selection and ear-to-row methods
Session 19
S1 and S2 progeny testing, progeny selection schemes, recurrent selection schemes for intra and inter-population improvement and development of synthetics and composites
Session 20
Hybrid breeding: genetically and physiological basis of heterosis and inbreeding, production of inbreeds
Session 21
Breeding approaches for improvement of inbreeds, predicting hybrid performance
Session 22
Seed production of hybrid and their parent varieties/ inbreeds
Session 24
Male sterility and apomixes in crop plants and their commercial exploitation
Session 25
Unit V: Breeding methods in asexually and clonally propagated crops, clonal selection
Session 26
Unit VI: Special breeding techniques: Mutation breeding
Session 28
Concept of plant ideotype and its role in crop improvement
Session 29
Concept of MAS, concept of polyploidy and wide hybridization, doubled haploidy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SC8hdK7MHLc&t=275s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV0PmBBB43Q
Session 30
Unit VII: Cultivar development: Testing, release and notification, maintenance breeding
Session 32
Plant breeders’ rights and regulations for plant variety protection and farmers rights
Practical
Practice session 1
To know the difference between Self pollinated crops, Cross Pollinated crops, Often cross pollinated crops, Pueline, Inbred line
Practice session 2
Floral biology in self pollinated species (Rice)
Practice session 3
Floral biology in self pollinated species (Wheat)
Practice session 4
Floral biology in self pollinated species (Barley)
Practice session 5
Floral biology cross pollinated species (Maize)
Practice session 6
Floral biology cross pollinated species (Bajra)
Practice session 8
Selection methods in segregating populations
Practice session 14
Learning techniques in hybrid seed production using male-sterility in field crops
Practice session 15
Prediction of performance of double cross hybrid
Practical session 16
Revision of all practice session
E- Materials
Question Bank
Assignment
Course- revise
This is a new course added to the MSc (Ag) in Genetics and Plant Breeding curriculum as per the BSMA 2023 notification. Some noteworthy topic inclusions are:
Cultivar development: testing, release and notification, maintenance breeding.
Seed production of hybrid and their parent varieties/ inbreeds.
Participatory Plant Breeding
Our Main Teachers
I am a Plant breeder, Now working on application of nano particles in post harvest management of horticultural crops, mainly Onion. I along with co-workers reported first time worldwide a colorimetric sensor for visual detection of post harvest spoilage of onions. I have keen interest in horticultural crops and its value addition.