Course Objectives

1.Covers the practical application of radiography in the paramedical profession.

2.Includes principles of x-ray production, the operation and uses of x-ray machines, the care and development of films, and radiographic positioning of patients.

3.Prerequisites: Admission to the X-Ray Technology program.

4.Use an understanding of diagnostic quality images to determine options to correct deficiencies and to maximize diagnostic benefit and minimize radiation exposure based on repeated images.

5.Apply knowledge of the health risks and effective safety procedures and professional judgment to minimize risks to personnel and patients during radiographic procedures.

Learning Outcomes

Course Syllabus

Module -1 

Anatomy & Physiology:

Skeletal System, .Respiratory system, Digestive System, Urinary system, Central nervous system, Endocrine system, Reproductive system

Module -2

Essential Physics:

Sound & Heat, A.C. and D.C. power supply, Rectification and Transformers,  Electromagnetic radiation spectrum and its properties, Production of X and gamma rays, Radioactivity, Interaction of radiation with matter, Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), Radiation protection.

Module – 3 

Principles of imaging:

X-ray films, Intensifying screens, X-ray cassettes, Darkroom and equipment in Darkroom, Developer & fixer, Automatic Processing system, LASER Printer.

Module -4

Construction of Equipment:

Stationery anode x-ray tube, rotating anode x-ray tube, Beam Restrictors, Grids, Fluoroscopy, Image Intensifier tube, Portable and mobile x-ray units, Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

Module-5

Radiographic Technique– 1:

Upper limb, Lower Limb, Vertebral column, Skull Radiography, Chest X-Ray, Abdominal X-Ray. Views: AP, PA, LATERAL, OBLIQUE, RAO, LAO

Module – 6 

Radiographic Special Procedures:

Contrast media used in the x-ray department (inclusive of those applicable to CT & MRI), Barium meal, Barium swallow, Barium enema, BMFT, IPV, HSG, RGU, MCUG, Myelography, Sialography, Angiography

Module- 7 

Mammography & Ultrasound:

Mammography Machine, Views, Ultrasound, Transducer, Probes, Properties of Ultrasound. Doppler Ultra Sound.

Module -8 

Computed Tomography & Magnetic Resonance Imaging:

History of CT & MRI, Generations of CT & Hounsfield Units, Concept of Voxel, Pixel, Basics of magnetism, Types of magnetism & Magnet, Larmour Frequency, Basic instrumentation of Coils, Advantages, Disadvantages, safety measures.

Text Books :

1. Basic Radiological Physics -K.Thayalan
2.Radiological Procedure -Dr.Bhushan N Lakhar
3.Manipal Manual of Anatomy -Madhyastha
4.Clark's Positioning in Radiography-Hodder Arnold

Session Plan

Session 1

Session 1

Anatomy & Physiology:

Skeletal System

1. http://courseware.cutm.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/INTRODUCTION-.mp4

Session 2

Case Studies

Case Studies