per person /

Free

Home Courses

Domain Track: Soil and Water Conservation through Watershed

Domain Track: Soil and Water Conservation through Watershed

Teacher

Dr. Subhankar Debnath

Category

Domain Courses

Course Attendees

Still no participant

Course Reviews

Still no reviews

Domain Track Title : Soil and Water Conservation through Watershed

Track Total Credits (T-P-P): (4-11-13) 28 Credits

Courses Division (list all divisions):

  • Rainwater Harvesting and Artificial Recharge (CUSW2340) (1-2-0)
  • Integrated watershed management (CUSW2341) (2-1-0)
  • Sustainable Watershed (CUSW2342) (1-2-0)
  • R programming in watershed hydrology (CUSW2343) (0-2-1)
  • Modelling and Simulation of Watershed Processes (CUSW2344) (0-2-1)
  • Geo-spatial application in watershed management (CUSW2345) (0-2-1)
  • Industrial internship (CUSW2346) (0-0-10)

Domain Track Objectives:

  • To understand the principles and concepts of soil and water conservation in the context of watershed management.
  • To provide hands-on experience in using GIS and remote sensing software for watershed analysis and resource mapping.
  • To develop the ability to apply R programming for data analysis, modeling, and simulation in watershed planning and management.
  • To foster an understanding of the importance of soil and water conservation measures in sustainable agriculture and environmental protection.
  • To encourage critical thinking and problem-solving skills in designing and implementing soil and water conservation practices in watershed systems.

Domain Course Outcomes:

COs Course Outcomes POs
CO1 Use GIS and remote sensing software to analyze watershed resources and generate maps PO2,  PO5 
CO2 Apply R programming for data analysis, modeling, and simulation in watershed planning and management. PO2, PO3, PO5
CO3 Design rainwater harvesting systems based on site-specific requirements and water availability. PO2, PO3, PO7
CO4 Develop sustainable watershed management plans PO2, PO3, PO5, PO7

 

PO2: Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review literature and analyze agriculture engineering problems to design, conduct experiments, analyze data and interpret data.

PO3: Design /development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and to design agricultural machine components and processes with consideration for the public health, safety and eco-friendly environmental conditions.

PO5: Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate modern engineering techniques and tools including prediction and modeling to complex agricultural engineering practices.

PO7Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.

Domain Syllabus:

 

Rainwater Harvesting and Artificial Recharge - CUSW2340 (1-2-0)
Theory
Rain water harvesting – definition and scope of rainwater harvesting; history of rainwater harvesting; need and importance of rainwater harvesting; components of rainwater harvesting; Hydrological aspects of water harvesting - hydrological cycle and water balance; hydrological characteristics; factors affecting runoff; runoff models suitable for water harvesting; Identification of areas suitable for water harvesting - parameters for identifying; suitable areas; methods of data acquisition; tools available; Different types of water harvesting structures - Negarim micro-catchments; contour bunds for trees; semi-circular bunds; contour ridges for crops; trapezoidal bunds; contour stone bunds; permeable rock dam; water spreading bunds; Runoff Inducement Methods; Roof water harvesting components and layout; Farm pond – types of farm ponds; embankment type; excavated or dugout ponds; site selection for dugout type farm ponds; Design of farm pond, Design of earthen embankment; Illustrate the importance of repair and maintenance of water harvesting structures; Artificial recharge techniques – direct and indirect methods; Economic indicator - Net present value; benefit cost-ratio; internal rate of return; payback period.
Practice
Study of hydrological cycle and water balance; Studying runoff models suitable for water harvesting; Methods of data acquisition; Computation of trapezoidal bund requirement per hector; General design considerations for earth dam; Computing design or dependable catchment yield; Design of farm pond; Design of earthen embankment; Calculation of roof water harvesting and water harvesting potential; Design of storage tank capacity for roof-top rainwater harvesting; Analysis of causes of failure of earthen bund; Analysis of causes of failure of earthen embankment; Slices method of stability analysis; Foundation stability against shear; Calculation of roof water harvesting and water harvesting potential; Design of storage tank capacity for roof-top rainwater harvesting; Determination of phreatic line in earthen dam – graphical and analytical method; Case study for showing economic evaluation of recharge schemes; Operation and maintenance of water harvesting structures; Analyse the cost benefit of a water harvesting structures.

Integrated watershed management- CUSW2341 (2-1-0)
Module 1
Watershed definitions Components,

Coding of watershed, Familiarization with the watershed problems;

Practice 1 Visualization of different geo-spatial tools used in IWM;

Practice 2 Introduction to various open-source geo-spatial data repositories

Module 2

Topographical survey, Morphometric analysis of watershed,

Factors affecting watershed processes Delineation of watershed,

Prioritization of watershed, Watershed response to land use; Storm water management

Practice 3 Representation of earth features in GIS;

Practice 4   Delineation of catchment area using Arc-GIS; Basic morphometric analysis of watershed;

Module 3 

Flood management, drought management;

Watershed development plan for rain-fed areas;

Practice 5 Preparation of Thiessen Polygon

Practice 6 Preparation of spatial maps of different watershed components

Module 4

Policies for IWM, Institutional activities on integrated watershed management;

Tools for improved IWM practice; Review of Integrated Watershed Management Program in India.

Practice 7 Environmental flow assessment;

Practice 8 Identification of potential sites for conservation structure implementation

Practice 9 Watershed delineation using DEM

Practice 10 Understanding of past successful IWM programs.

Field visit for working knowledge on different adaptive options on watershed management;

 

Sustainable Watershed- CUSW2342 (1-2-0)
Theory
History, development and national importance of watershed programs; Principles and objectives of watershed; Introduction to the concept of sustainable watershed management; Principles of sustainable watershed management; Natural resources management and different case Study; Hydrologic modelling for sustainable watershed management; Hydrologic modelling related case studies; Watershed health and sustainability; Water law and policy; Ecosystem services; Floods - causes of occurrence, flood classification - probable maximum flood, standard project flood, design flood; Flood control-history of flood control, structural and non-structural measures of flood control, storage and detention reservoirs, levees, channel improvement. Flood routing.
Practice
Hydrologic modelling for sustainable watershed management using GIS approach; Identification of recharge areas using remotely sensed data; Erosion, erodibility & sediment yield modelling; Reservoir sedimentation estimation using GIS and remote sensing; Introduction to HEC-HMS model; Simulation through HEC-HMS model; Practice on HEC-HMS model; Flood estimation-methods of estimation; flood frequency methods – log normal, Gumbel’s extreme value; Flood routing related basic equations; Hydrologic storage routing method: Modified Pul’s method; Hydrologic storage routing method: Goodrich method; Hydrologic channel routing: Muskingum equation; Introduction to 1D river modelling; Simulation of flood model; Overview of 2D modelling and difference between 1D and 2D flood modelling.

 

R programming in watershed hydrology- CUSW2343 (0-2-1)
Practice
Programming Language: basic definition and terms; Introduction to R programming; Basic syntax in R-programming; A first R session; Working with Data in R; Data type in R; R-Functions and R-strings; R-vector, R-Lists; R-Matrix, R array; R-factors, R-Dataframes; R – Packages, R – Csv Files and R – Excel File; R – Scatterplots, R – Line Graphs and R – Histograms; R – Boxplots, R – Bar Charts and R – Pie Charts; R – Linear Regression, R – Multiple Regression and R – Logistic Regression; R – Normal Distribution, R – Binomial Distribution; Creating Confidence Intervals, Performing t Tests; R – Poisson Regression, R – Analysis of Covariance and R – Time Series Analysis; R – Nonlinear Least Square and R – Chi Square Test; Nonparametric Tests in R; R- Simple Hypothesis Testing; R for Simulation; The “New” Statistics: Resampling and Bootstrapping; Making an R Package; R in hydrology: a review of recent developments; R-Packages for retrieving hydro-meteorological data; R-Packages for reading, manipulating, and cleaning the data; R-Packages for extracting driving data, spatial analysis, and cartography; R-Packages for hydrological statistics; R-Packages for static and dynamic hydrological data visualization.

 

Modelling and simulation of watershed processes- CUSW2344 (0-2-1)
Practice
Brief introduction on watershed processes, importance of modeling and simulation of watershed processes; Introduction and installation of SWAT model and overview of data requirements ; Watershed delineation, HRU analysis; Simulation through SWAT model (calibration); Simulation through SWAT model (validation); Introduction and installation of SPAW model and overview of data requirements; Simulation through SPAW model (calibration); Practice class for simulation with SWAT and SPAW; HEC-RAS model: Introduction and overview of model, installation; Simulation through HEC-RAS model; HBV model: Introduction and overview of model, installation; Simulation through HBV model; Practice class for simulation with HEC-RAS and HBV; Introduction to TOP model and installation; Simulation through TOP model; DSS-ET model: Introduction and overview; Installation, Simulation with DSS-ET model; Case studies with different hydrological models.

 

Geo-spatial application in watershed management- CUSW2345 (0-2-1)
Practice
Installation of Arc GIS; Downloading of maps and imageries from online repositories; Basic GIS operations in ARC GIS; Representation of earth features in GIS; Working with satellite imageries; Geo-referencing of satellite image; Preparation of contour map in ARC GIS; Preparation of slope and aspect map of watershed; Introduction to google earth; Google earth application as a ground truth tool; Supervise LULC classification; Un-supervise LULC classification; Preparation of drainage density map and stream ordering; Watershed delineation using DEM; Mapping of soil erosion; Identification of potential locations for groundwater recharge; River flow path analysis; Evapotranspiration mapping using MODIS product; Water budget analysis using ARC GIS.

Session Plan for the Entire Domain:

1.1. Water Harvesting – concepts, methods;

1.2. Soil’s requirement for water harvesting;

1.3. Design model for catchment: cultivated area ratio

1.4. Site and technique selection for WHS;

1.5. Different types of water harvesting structures;

1.6. Computation of trapezoidal bund per hector

1.7. In-situ rainwater harvesting – advantages and methods;

1.8. Roof water harvesting components and layout;

1.9. Calculation of roof water harvesting and water harvesting potential;

1.10. Farm pond – uses and types; Earthen dam – types and design criteria;

1.11. Design of farm pond, Design of earthen bund;

1.12. Analysis of causes of failure of earthen bund;

1.13. Determination of phreatic line in earthen dam – graphical and analytical method

1.14. Illustrate the importance of repair and maintenance of WHS;

1.15. Artificial recharge techniques – direct and indirect methods;

1.16. Design of storage tank capacity for roof-top rainwater harvesting

1.17. Case study for showing economic evaluation of recharge schemes.

1.18. Analyse the cost benefit of a WHS

INTEGRATED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

2.1. Introduction: watershed definitions; why a watershed approach;

pdf link: lecture 1IWM

video link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOrVotzBNto

2.2. watershed response to land use; watershed analysis approach;

pdf link: lecture 2

video link :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Fokw7NdvuE

2.3. history of watershed management; Current Issues in Water Management;

pdf link: lecture 3

video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgTO8phG44w

2.4. Characteristics of Effective Watershed Management; Why "Integrated" Management; Objectives of IWM;

pdf link: lecture 4

video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfSEU5Q6dZw

2.5.  Recommend Planning and Management Approach;

pdf link: lecture 5

video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfSEU5Q6dZw

2.6. Improving livelihoods in rainfed areas through integrated watershed management: A development perspective;

pdf link: lecture 6

video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfSEU5Q6dZw

2.7. Watershed development for rainfed areas: Concept, principles, and approaches;

pdf link: lecture 7

video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfSEU5Q6dZw

2.8. Equity in watershed development: Imperatives for property rights, resource allocation, and institutions;

pdf link: lecture 8

video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfSEU5Q6dZw

2.9. Policies and institutions for increasing benefits of IWM programs;

pdf link: lecture 9

2.10. Application of tools in IWM for enhancing impacts;

pdf link: lecture 10

2.11. Impact of watershed projects in India: Application of various approaches and methods;

pdf link: lecture 11

2.12. Watershed management through a resilience lens; Review of Integrated Watershed Management Programme-2009-10 in India,

pdf link: lecture 12

2.13. Review of case studies on IWP in Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh.

pdf link: lecture 13

2.14. Advances in Geospatial Technologies in IWM;

pdf link: lecture 14

2.15. GIS-Based monitoring systems for IWM;

pdf link: lecture 15

2.16. Identify catchment area and command area;

pdf link: lecture 16

2.17. Concepts of environmental flow assessment and methods with examples and case studies;

pdf link: lecture 17

2.18. Planning and Design of Shelter belt for checking soil erosion in watershed;

pdf link: lecture 18

2.19. Calculation of effective precipitation for watershed;

pdf link: lecture 19

2.20. Field visits; Step by step processes in IWM planning and implementation strategy.

pdf link: lecture 20

3.1. History, development and national significance of watershed programmes;

pdf link: lecture 21

3.2. principles and objectives of watershed;

3.3. Different participatory watershed management approaches;

3.4. Estimation of soil loss (USLE)

pdf link: lecture 22

3.5. Characteristics of watershed management role of a Watershed Consultant;

3.6. Introduction to the concept of sustainable watershed management;

3.7. Principles of sustainable watershed management;

3.8. Measurement of soil loss (multi slot divisor)

3.9. Natural resources management and different case Study.

pdf link: lecture 23

3.10. Study of grassed waterways

3.11. Study of contour bund and compartmental bunding

3.12. Study of terraces

3.13. Study of CCT and staggered trenches

3.14. Study of gully plug, nala bund, check dams and K.T.weirs

3.15. Hydrologic modelling for sustainable watershed management and related case studies

3.16. Hydrologic modelling for sustainable watershed management and related case studies-GIS approach

3.17. Determination of pond capacity

3.18. Identification of recharge areas using remotely sensed data

3.19. Watershed health and sustainability;

3.20. Erosion, erodibility & sediment yield modelling

3.21. Water law and policy;

3.22. Ecosystem services.

3.23. Reservoir sedimentation estimation using GIS and RS

3.24. Visit to watershed

pdf link: lecture 24

 

4.0. Introducing R: What It Is and How to Get It;

4.1 Programming Language: basic definition and terms

4.2 Introduction to R programming

4.3 Basic syntax in R-programming

4.4 A first R session

4.5 Working with Data in R

4.6 Discussion regarding project work

4.7 Data type in R

4.8 Discussion regarding project work

4.9 Variable, Operators, decision making and loops

4.10 R-Functions and R-strings

4.11 R-vector, R-Lists

4.12 R-Matrix, R array

4.13 R-factors, R-Dataframes

4.14 Discussion with students regarding doubts

4.15 1st Internal class test

4.16 R – Packages, R – Csv Files and R – Excel File

4.17 R – Scatterplots, R – Line Graphs and R – Histograms

4.18 R – Boxplots, R – Bar Charts and R – Pie Charts

4.19 R – Linear Regression, R – Multiple Regression and R – Logistic Regression

4.20 R – Normal Distribution, R – Binomial Distribution

4.21 Creating Confidence Intervals, Performing t Tests

4.22 R – Poisson Regression, R – Analysis of Covariance and R – Time Series Analysis

4.23 R – Nonlinear Least Square and R – Chi Square Test

4.24 Nonparametric Tests in R

4.25 R- Simple Hypothesis Testing

 

4.26 R for Simulation

4.27 The “New” Statistics: Resampling and Bootstrapping

4.28 Making an R Package

4.29 R in hydrology: a review of recent developments

4.30 R-Packages for retrieving hydro-meteorological data_1

4.31 R-Packages for retrieving hydro-meteorological data_2

4.32 R-Packages for reading, manipulating, and cleaning the data

4.33 R-Packages for extracting driving data, spatial analysis, and cartography_1

4.34 R-Packages for extracting driving data, spatial analysis, and cartography_2

4.35 R-Packages for hydrological statistics

4.36 R-Packages for static and dynamic hydrological data visualization_1

4.37 R-Packages for static and dynamic hydrological data visualization_2

4.38 R-Packages for creating presentations and documents

4.39 Discussion with students regarding doubts

4.40 2nd Internal Exam

5.1. Soil-Plant-Air-Water (SPAW) model:  model overview, Data requirement, Simulation, Calibration and Sensitivity;

5.2. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT): Installation of ARCSWAT and other associated software,

5.3. Project Setup, Watershed delineation, HRU analysis,

5.4. Weather Definition, Edit SWAT inputs,

5.5. SWAT Simulation,

5.6. Calibration and Validation of SWAT Model;

5.7. HEC-HMS model: Data Requirements,

5.8. project setup, Hydrologic Elements,

5.9. Editing a Basin Model, Creating a Meteorological Model,

5.10. Defining the Control Specifications, Executing the HMS Model,

5.11. Evaluation of model results;

5.12. Storm Water Management Model (SWMM): Overview of the model,

5.13. project setup, drawing objects,

5.14. Setting Object Properties,

5.15. Running a simulation,

5.16. Viewing Results on the Map,

5.17. Resizing the Network.

6.1. Interpretation of aerial photographs and satellite imageries: resolution mosaics symbols,

6.2. Gully pattern and drainage analysis, vertical exaggeration and image distortion;

6.3. Analysis of Aerial photographs and satellite images for drainage morphometry and watershed demarcation;

6.4. Analysis of satellite and aerial photographs for surface water resources mapping;

6.5. Analysis of satellite and aerial photographs for mapping Lithologically and structurally controlled aquifer systems;

6.6. Mapping of geomorphic aquifers;

6.7. Identification of recharge areas using remotely sensed data;

6.8. Applications of Digital Elevation Models in Water Resources;

6.9.  Erosion, Erodibility & Sediment Yield Modeling;

6.10. Ground water exploration using remote sensing techniques and preparation of theme based maps, pre-field interpretation and field checks;

6.11. Analysis of thermal and microwave data for ground water Targeting;

6.12. Land use/land cover mapping up to level II using aerial photos and satellite images;

 

Reference Books

  1. Pourghasemi, H. R., & Gokceoglu, C. (Eds.). (2019). Spatial modeling in GIS and R for earth and environmental sciences. Elsevier.
  2. Kennedy, M. D. (2013). Introducing geographic information systems with ARCGIS: a workbook approach to learning GIS. John Wiley & Sons.
  3. Gonenc, I. E., Wolflin, J. P., & Russo, R. C. (Eds.). (2014). Sustainable Watershed Management. CRC Press.
  4. Wani, S. P., Rockstrom, J., & Sahrawat, K. L. (2011). Integrated watershed management in rainfed agriculture. CRC Press.
  5. Beheim, E., Rajwar, G. S., Haigh, M., & Krecek, J. (Eds.). (2012). Integrated watershed management: perspectives and problems. Springer Science & Business Media.
  6. Mailund, T. (2017). Advanced Object-Oriented Programming in R: Statistical Programming for Data Science, Analysis and Finance. Apress.

Our Main Teachers

Dr. Subhankar Debnath

Assistant Professor
VIEW PROFILE

Hydrology, Crop Modeling

Dr. Santosh D T

Assistant Professor
VIEW PROFILE

Soil and water conservation, Irrigation Engineering, Drainage Engineering, Watershed Management

Dr. Bibhuti Bhusan Sahoo

Assistant Professor
VIEW PROFILE

I’m Dr. Bibhuti Bhusan Sahoo, a passionate professional in the field of Water Resources Engineering. With a strong educational background, I hold a Ph.D. degree in Water Resources Engineering from NIT Patna. Research Interest: Applied Hydrology Research Environmental Flow Modelling, River Engineering, Water Quality Modelling. Watershed modeling, Crop water modeling, Irrigation water management. Statistical Modelling: […]