Thermal Physics
Teacher
Dr. Tapan Dash
Category
Core Courses
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Course Name : Thermal Physics
Code(Credit) : CUTM1485(3-2-1)
Course Objectives
- To acquire working knowledge of the zeroth, first and second law of thermodynamics.
- To apply the laws of thermodynamics and its application to understand thermo dynamical behavior.
- To link thermodynamics to the micro description used in Classical Statistical Mechanics.
Learning Outcomes
| COs | Course outcomes | Mapping COs with POs (High-3, Medium-2, Low-1) |
| CO1 | Understand usage of work, energy, heat capacity, specific heat, latent heat, and enthalpy | PO1-3, PO2-3 |
| CO2 | Student can compute entropy for simple systems such as the ideal gas | PO3-2, PO7-1 |
| CO3 | Student can compute the value of selected thermodynamical variables at thermal, mechanical, and/or diffusive equilibrium | PO7-2, PO9-1 |
| CO4 | Compute the efficiency of idealized engines such as the Carnot cycle, the Otto cycle, and the Diessel cycle | PO7-3, PO9-1 |
Course Syllabus
Module-I
Introduction to Thermodynamics:
Zeroth and first law of thermodynamics, Extensive and intensive thermodynamic variables, Thermodynamic equilibrium, Zeroth law of thermodynamics & concept of temperature, Concept of work & heat, Conduction, Convection and Radiation, Concept of black body, State functions, First law of thermodynamics and its differential form, Applications of first law, Work and internal energy in different processes.
Practice-1: Heat transfer by conduction
Practice-2: Heat transfer by radiation
Practice-3: Heat transfer by natural convection/To determine the coefficient of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor by Lee’s method
Practice-4: To determine the coefficient of thermal conductivity of Cu by Searle’s
Practice-5: Black body radiation
Module-II
Second Law of Thermodynamics:
Reversible and irreversible process with examples, Conversion of work into heat and heat into work, Heat engines, Carnot’s cycle, Carnot engine & efficiency, Carnot’s theorem, Refrigerator & coefficient of performance, 2nd Law of thermodynamics and applications of second law of thermodynamics, Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements and their equivalence, Absolute scale of temperature.
Practice-6: To determine mechanical equivalent of heat, J, by Joule’s calorimeter.
Module-III
Entropy:
Concept of entropy, Phase change, Second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy, Entropy of a perfect gas, Principle of increase of entropy, Entropy changes in reversible and irreversible processes with examples, Entropy of the universe, Temperature–entropy diagrams for Carnot’s cycle, Third law of thermodynamics. Unattainability of absolute zero.
Practice-7: The study of phase change
Module-IV
Thermodynamic Potentials:
Thermodynamic potentials: internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibb’s free energy, Their definitions, properties and applications, Cooling due to adiabatic demagnetization, Clausius-Clapeyron equation, Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations and applications.
Module-V
Kinetic Theory of Gases
Distribution of velocities: Maxwell-Boltzmann law of distribution of velocities in an Ideal gas, Mean, RMS and most probable speeds; degrees of freedom, Law of equipartition of energy (No proof required), Specific heats of gases.
Module-VI
Molecular Collisions:
Mean free path, Collision probability, Estimates of mean free path, Transport phenomenon in ideal gases: (1) Viscosity, (2) Thermal Conductivity and (3) Diffusion, Brownian motion and its Significance.
Module-VII
Thermo-electricity and Newton’s Law of Cooling
Introduction to Thermoelectricity, Seebeck Effect, Peltier Effect, Thermoelectric Devices, Thermistor, Newton's Law of Cooling
Practice-8: To determine the temperature coefficient of resistance by platinum resistance thermometer(PRT)
Practice-9: Thermo couple Seebeck effect
Practice-10: To study the variation of thermo-emf of a thermocouple with difference of temperature of its two junctions
Practice-11: Characteristics of thermistor
Practice-12: Newton's law of cooling
Text Book:
- Heat and Thermodynamics, M.W. Zemansky, Richard Dittman, 1981,McGraw-Hill.
Reference Books:
- A Treatise on Heat, MeghnadSaha, and B.N.Srivastava, 1958, Indian Press
- Thermal Physics, S. Garg, R. Bansal and Ghosh, 2nd Edition, 1993, Tata McGraw-Hill
- Modern Thermodynamics with Statistical Mechanics, Carl S. Helrich, 2009, Springer.
- Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory & Statistical Thermodynamics, Sears & Salinger 1988, Narosa.
- Concepts in Thermal Physics, S.J. Blundell and K.M. Blundell, 2nd Ed., 2012, Oxford University Press.
- Thermal Physics, A. Kumar and S.P. Taneja, 2014, R. Chand Publications
Online Resources:
Session Plan
Session 1
Extensive and intensive thermodynamic variables, Thermodynamic equilibrium
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeAhTeRh2og
Session 2
Zeroth law of thermodynamics & concept of temperature
https://www.slideshare.net/rafiyasirin/laws-of-thermodynamics?next_slideshow=1
Session 3
Session 4
Conduction, Convection and Radiation, Concept of black body
https://www.slideshare.net/hmsoh/coduction-convection-and-radiation
Session 5
Practice-1 (2 hours)
Heat transfer by conduction
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Heat_Transfer_by_Conduction/
Session 6
Practice-2 (2 hours)
Heat transfer by radiation
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Heat_Transfer_by_Radiation/
Session 7
Practice-3 (2 hours)
Heat transfer by natural convection/To determine the coefficient of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor by Lee’s method
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iENG9VnBeP0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kEUJz5gJ9F4&t=1s
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Heat_Transfer_by_Natural_Convection/
Session 8
Practice-4 (2 hours)
To determine the coefficient of thermal conductivity of Cu by Searle’s
Session 9
Practice-5 (2 hours)
Black body radiation
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Heat_Transfer_by_Radiation/
Session 10
State functions, First law of thermodynamics and its differential form
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHdlH3l8FkM&t=294s
https://www.slideshare.net/rohitslideshare.net/…/first-law-of-thermodynamics-71136551singhlather/first-law-of-thermodynamics-71136551
Session 11
Session 12
Work and Internal Energy in different processes
https://www.slideshare.net/MANMEET2591/energyheatwork-and-thermodynamic-processes?next_slideshow=1
Session 13
Reversible and Irreversible process with examples
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0t2G7yDWSnk
https://www.slideshare.net/DrSarahAyoub/4-ppt-reversible-and-irreversible-change
Session 14
Assignment-3/Flipped Class-3 (1 hour)
Conversion of work into heat and heat into work, Heat engines
Session 15
Practice-6 (2 hours)
To determine mechanical equivalent of heat, J, by Joule’s calorimeter
Session 17
Carnot’s theorem. Refrigerator & coefficient of performance
Session 18
2nd law of thermodynamics and applications of second law of thermodynamics
Session 19
Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements and their equivalence, Absolute scale of temperature
Session 20
Session 21
Second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vE82PDJB8ow
https://www.slideshare.net/simonandisa/second-law-of-thermodynamics
Session 22
Entropy of a perfect gas, Principle of increase of entropy, Entropy changes in reversible and irreversible processes with examples
https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/101101001/downloads/Intro-Propulsion-Lect-11.pdf
Session 23
Practice-7 (2 hours)
The study of phase change
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Study_of_Phase_Change/
Session 24
Assignment-4/Flipped Class-4
Entropy of the universe, Temperature–entropy diagrams for Carnot’s cycle
Session 25
Third law of thermodynamics, Unattainability of absolute zero
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuGmsnzjbpE
https://www.slideshare.net/rafiyasirin/laws-of-thermodynamics
Session 26
Thermodynamic potentials: Internal energy, Enthalpy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CygQUIJodc
https://www.slideshare.net/ssuserede232/thermodynamic-55619799
Session 27
Helmholtz free energy, and Gibb’s free energy, Their definitions, Properties and applications
Session 28
Assignment-5/Flipped Class-5
Cooling due to adiabatic demagnetization
https://www.slideshare.net/Akrammjcet/adiabatic-demagnetization-172071011
Session 29
Session 30
Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations and applications
Session 31
Assignment-6/Flipped Class-6
Kinetic theory of gases, distribution of velocities
https://www.slideshare.net/AshwaniKumar43/the-kinetic-theory-of-gases
Session 32
Maxwell-Boltzmann law of distribution of velocities in an ideal gas
Session 34
Assignment-7/Flipped Class-7
Degrees of freedom
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xhtszEjNN0
https://www.slideshare.net/MacVasquez/degrees-of-freedom-80218876
Session 35
Law of equipartition of energy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoijsTFZUOc
https://www.slideserve.com/molimo/equipartition-theory-of-energy
Session 36
Session 39
Transport phenomenon in ideal gases: (1) Viscosity
Session 40
Assignment-9/Flipped Class-9 (2 hours)
(2)Thermal conductivity and (3) diffusion
Session 42
Assignment-10/Flipped Class-10 (2 hours)
Introduction to thermoelectricity
Session 43
Practice-8 (2 hours)
To determine the temperature coefficient of resistance by Platinum resistance thermometer(PRT)
Session 45
Practice-9 (2 hours)
Thermo couple Seebeck effect
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Thermo_Couple_Seebeck_Effect/
Session 48
Practice-10 (2 hours)
To study the variation of thermo-EMF of a thermocouple with difference of temperature of its two junctions
Session 50
Practice-11 (2 hours)
Characteristics of thermistor
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Characteristics_of_Thermistor/
Session 52
Practice-12 (2 hours)
Newton's law of cooling
http://htv-au.vlabs.ac.in/heat-thermodynamics/Newtons_Law_of_Cooling/
Case Studies
Our Main Teachers
Dr. Tapan Dash currently works as Assistant Professor & HoD, Department of Applied Physics, SoAS (BBSR Campus), School of Applied Sciences, CUTM, Odisha. He has completed his PhD. in the field of experimental condensed matter physics. He has more than 10 years of research experience (including three years of industrial experience at Tata Steel, India […]
Dr. Sahu is working as Associate Professor of Physics in the School of Applied Science, Paralakhemundi Campus of Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha. He started teaching Physics from the year 1995 just after completion of his Post Graduate Degree from Berhampur University. He has more than six years of teaching experience at +2 […]
