Course Objectives

Student will develop ability towards.

• Comprehending significance of thermodynamics properties in order to analyze a thermodynamic system.
• Comprehending & applying first & second law of thermodynamics in closed & open system with its applications.
• Determining thermodynamic properties of steam using steam tables & mollier chart.
• Comprehending the vapor power cycles and computing work done & efficiencies.
• Understand the basic mechanisms of heat transfer & different laws associated with it.

Learning Outcomes

• Students will able to identify different thermodynamic processes and systems.

• Students will able to know the application of thermodynamics in the various field & machines.
• Students will able to solve for a given a set of steam tables and sufficient information to indicate the state of the fluid, determine any unknown properties for the fluid
• Realizing application of various  power cycles in  thermal power plant with its efficiencies.
• Students will able to understand the mechanism & effect of heat transfer

Course Syllabus

Module I

Concepts And Terminology

Thermodynamic systems, Macroscopic and microscopic views of study, Thermodynamic properties of a system (Pressure, volume, temperature and units of measurement) Intensive and extensive properties, State and Process, Thermodynamic equilibrium, Quasi static process.

Energy And Work Transfer

Work transfer, Displacement work, forms of work transfer, Types of energy and its sources.

First Law Of Thermodynamics

Energy as system property, forms of stored energy, First law for a closed system undergoing a cyclic process, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, First law for a closed system undergoing change of state, Concept of enthalpy, First law applied to steady flow processes, Steady Flow Energy Equation and its application, Perpetual motion machine of first kind.

Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Limitations of first, Thermal reservoir, Concept of heat engine, heat pump and refrigerator, Statement of Second law of thermodynamics (Clausius and Kelvin Planck), Perpetual motion machine of second kind, Carnot cycle, Application of second law, Clausius inequality, Defining entropy, entropy and disorder.

Module II

Working Substances

Pure substance, Phase change phenomenon of pure substance and associated terminology, p-v, p-h and T-s diagrams, Specific heats, Dryness fraction and its measurement, Steam table and its use to determine unknown properties, Use of Molliers chart to determine unknown properties.

Vapor Power Cycle

Steam power plant lay out, Steam power plant cycle, Carnot vapor cycle, Rankine vapor cycle, Modifications to Rankine vapor cycles. Construction and working principle of a steam engine

Module III

Heat Transfer

Modes of heat transfer, Fourier law of heat conduction, thermal conductivity, Steady state heat conduction in solids (Plane wall, hollow cylinder, hollow sphere), Convective heat transfer, Newton’s law of cooling, Radiation heat transfer, Stefan Boltzman Law, Theories of radiation: Maxwell’s theory, Max Planck’s theory; Black body radiation, Surface absorption, reflection and transmission, Kirchoff’s law relating to spectral emissive power to absorptivity, Heat exchangers: concept, application and classification.

Learning Resources:

Text Books:

1. P. Chattopadhyay               Engineering Thermodynamics
2. Domkundwar                       A text book of thermal Engineering

Reference Books:

1. P K Nag ,                     Engineering Thermodynamics,
2.  Mahesh M Rathore , Thermal Engineering

Session Plan

Session 1

LECTURE:

Introduction ,Thermodynamic systems,Macroscopic and microscopic views of study;

WEB-LINKS:
Different type of system

Macroscopic and microscopic views of study

Session 2

LECTURE:
Thermodynamic properties of a system (Pressure, volume, temperature and units of measurement) Intensive and extensive properties

WEB-LINKS:

Thermodynamic properties

Session 3

LECTURE:

State and Process, Thermodynamic equilibrium, Quasi static process. Types of energy and its sources.

WEB-LINKS:

State of a System Process Cycle

Quasi Static Process 

Session 4

LECTURE:
Work transfer, Displacement work, forms of work transfer,

WEB-LINKS:
work transfer

Displacement Work or PdV Work

Work Transfer and its Types

Session 5

LECTURE:

Forms of work transfer

WEB-LINKS:

Concept of Work & Types of Work 

Session 6

LECTURE:

Zeroth law of thermodynamics, First Law Of Thermodynamics

WEB-LINKS:

ZEROTH LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
First Law of thermodynamics, its Applications and limitations

Session 7

LECTURE:

Total Energy, mechanism of energy Transfer,Energy as system property

WEB-LINKS:

Total Energy & Classification
Why energy is a property of the system

Session 8

LECTURE:

First law for a closed system undergoing a cyclic process, First law for a closed system undergoing change of state,

WEB-LINKS:

First law of thermodynamics for a closed system undergoing a change of state
First law of thermodynamics for a closed system undergoing a cycle

Session 9

LECTURE:

Concept of enthalpy, First law applied to steady flow processes

WEB-LINKS:

Energy Balance in steady-flow Process 

Session 10

LECTURE:

Steady Flow Energy Equation and its application, Perpetual motion machine of first kind.

WEB-LINKS:
SFEE Application on Nozzles and Diffuser
Perpetual Motion Machine of the First Kind

Session 11

Simple Problems on first Law

Session 12

LECTURE:

Limitations of first, Thermal reservoir, Concept of heat engine, heat pump and refrigerator

WEB-LINKS:
Heat Engine, Heat Pump and Refrigerator Difference

Session 13

LECTURE:

Statement of Second law of thermodynamics (Clausius and Kelvin Planck),Perpetual motion machine of second kind

WEB-LINKS:

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
PMM1 | PMM2

Session 14

LECTURE:

Carnot cycle

WEB-LINKS:

Carnot Cycle
Carnot Cycle Processes
Efficiency of Carnot Cycle

Session 15

LECTURE:

Application of second law, Clausius inequality, Defining entropy, entropy and disorder

WEB-LINKS:

Understanding Second Law of Thermodynamics
Clausius Inequality

Session 16

LECTURE:

Pure substance, Phase change phenomenon of pure substance and associated terminology

WEB-LINKS:

Introduction of Pure Substances
Phase Change Phenomena of Pure Substances

Session 17

LECTURE:

P-V, P-H and T-S diagrams, Specific heats, Dryness fraction and its measurement

WEB-LINKS:
Pure Substances - P V Diagram
Temperature Entropy Diagram
Dryness Fraction
Throttling calorimeter|Dryness fraction measurement

Session 18

LECTURE:

Steam table and its use to determine unknown properties, Use of Molliers chart to determine unknown properties.

WEB-LINKS:

How to Use Steam Tables

Session 19

LECTURE:

Use of Molliers chart to determine unknown properties.

WEB-LINKS:

Mollier Chart 

Session 20

LECTURE:

Steam power plant lay out, Steam power plant cycle

WEB-LINKS:

Steam Power Plant Layout & Working Principle 

Session 21

LECTURER:

Carnot vapor cycle

WEB-LINKS:

Carnot Vapour Power Cycle 

Session 22

LECTURE:

Rankine vapor cycle

WEB-LINKS:

Rankine Cycle 

Session 23

LECTURE:

Modifications to Rankine vapor cycles. Construction and working principle of a steam engine

WEB-LINKS:

Modified Rankine Efficiency 

Session 24

LECTURE:

Modes of heat transfer, Fourier law of heat conduction, thermal conductivity, Steady state heat conduction in solids (Plane wall, hollow cylinder, hollow sphere)

WEB-LINKS:

Heat Transfer | Conduction and Convection
Heat conduction through plane wall
Heat conduction in Hollow cylinder & Sphere

Session 25

LECTURE:

Convective heat transfer, Newton’s law of cooling, Radiation heat transfer, Stefan Boltzman Law

WEB-LINKS:

Energy - Heat Transfer - Convection
Newtons Law of Cooling
Thermal Radiation and Stefan-Boltzmann Equation

Session 26

LECTURE:

Theories of radiation: Maxwell’s theory, Max Planck’s theory; Black body radiation

WEB-LINK:

Planck Radiation Law  

Session 27

LECTURE:

Surface absorption, reflection and transmission, Kirchoff’s law relating to spectral emissive power to absorptivity

WEB-LINKS:

Absorptive Reflective and Transmitting Power
Emissive power and Emissivity Absorptive power Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation 

Session 28

LECTURE:

Heat exchangers: concept, application and classification.

WEB-LINK:

Heat Exchanger, Types of heat heat exchanger, Significance of heat exchanger
Classification of Heat Exchangers 

Session 29

LECTURE:

Simple Problems on heat transfer

Case Studies

Case Studies