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Upon completion of the course student shall be able:
1. To know various unit operations used in Pharmaceutical industries.
2. To understand the material handling techniques.
3. To perform various processes involved in pharmaceutical manufacturing process.
4. To carry out various test to prevent environmental pollution.
5. To appreciate and comprehend significance of plant lay out design for optimum use of resources.
6. To appreciate the various preventive methods used for corrosion control in
Pharmaceutical industries.
MODULE-I
• Flow of fluids: Types of manometers, Reynolds number and its significance,
Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications, Energy losses, Orifice meter, Venturimeter, Pitot tube and Rotometer.
• Size Reduction: Objectives, Mechanisms & Laws governing size reduction, factors affecting size reduction, principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Hammer mill, ball mill, fluid energy mill, Edge runner mill & end runner mill.
• Size Separation: Objectives, applications & mechanism of size separation, official standards of powders, sieves, size separation Principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Sieve shaker, cyclone separator, Air separator, Bag filter & elutriation tank.
MODULE-II
• Heat Transfer: Objectives, applications & Heat transfer mechanisms. Fourier’s law, Heat transfer by conduction, convection & radiation. Heat interchangers & heat exchangers.
• Evaporation: Objectives, applications and factors influencing evaporation,
differences between evaporation and other heat process. principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Steam jacketed kettle, horizontal tube evaporator, climbing film evaporator, forced circulation evaporator, multiple effect evaporator& Economy of multiple effect evaporator.
• Distillation: Basic Principles and methodology of simple distillation,flash
distillation, fractional distillation, distillation under reduced pressure, steam
distillation & molecular distillation
MODULE- III
• Drying: Objectives, applications & mechanism of drying process, measurements & applications of Equilibrium Moisture content, rate of drying curve. principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Tray dryer, drum dryer spray dryer, fluidized bed dryer, vacuum dryer, freeze dryer.
• Mixing: Objectives, applications & factors affecting mixing, Difference between solid and liquid mixing, mechanism of solid mixing, liquids mixing and semisolids mixing. Principles, Construction, Working, uses, Merits and Demerits of Double cone blender, twin shell blender, ribbon blender, Sigma blade mixer, planetarymixers, Propellers, Turbines, Paddles & Silverson Emulsifier,
MODULE-IV
• Filtration: Objectives, applications, Theories & Factors influencing filtration, filter aids, filter medias. Principle, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and demerits of plate & frame filter, filter leaf, rotary drum filter, Meta filter & Cartridge filter, membrane filters and Seidtz filter.
• Centrifugation: Objectives, principle & applications of Centrifugation, principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Perforated basket centrifuge, Nonperforated basket centrifuge, semi continuous centrifuge & super centrifuge.
MODULE- V
• Materials of pharmaceutical plant construction, Corrosion and its prevention:
Factors affecting during materials selected for Pharmaceutical plant construction, Theories of corrosion, types of corrosion and there prevention. Ferrous and nonferrous
Recommended Books
1. Introduction to chemical engineering – Walter L Badger & Julius Banchero, Latest
edition.
2. Solid phase extraction, Principles, techniques and applications by Nigel J.K.
Simpson- Latest edition.
3. Unit operation of chemical engineering – Mcabe Smith, Latest edition.
4. Pharmaceutical engineering principles and practices – C.V.S Subrahmanyam et al.,
5. Remington practice of pharmacy- Martin, Latest edition.
6. Theory and practice of industrial pharmacy by Lachmann., Latest edition.
7. Physical pharmaceutics- C.V.S Subrahmanyam et al., Latest edition.
8. Cooper and Gunn’s Tutorial pharmacy, S.J. Carter, Latest edition.
Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications
Size Reduction: Objectives, Mechanisms & Laws governing size reduction, factors affecting size reduction
principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Hammer mill,
Ball mill
Fluid Energy Mill
Size Separation: Objectives, applications & mechanism of size separation, official
standards of powders
sieves, size separation Principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Sieve shaker
cyclone separator, Air separator
Heat Transfer: Objectives, applications & Heat transfer mechanisms
Fourier’s law, Heat transfer by conduction, convection & radiation.
Heat interchangers & heat exchangers.
Evaporation: Objectives, applications and factors influencing evaporation,
differences between evaporation and other heat process.
principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Steam jacketed kettle, horizontal tube evaporator
climbing film evaporator, forced circulation evaporator, multiple effect evaporator
Distillation: Basic Principles and methodology of simple distillation
Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure
steam distillation
Drying: Objectives, applications & mechanism of drying process,
measurements & applications of Equilibrium Moisture content
Rate of drying curve
Tray dryer
Fluidized Bed Dryer
Freeze Dryer
Mixing: Objectives, applications & factors affecting mixing, Difference between
solid and liquid mixing
mechanism of solid mixing, liquids mixing and semisolids mixing
Principles, Construction, Working, uses, Merits and Demerits of Double cone
blender, twin shell blender, ribbon blender
Sigma blade mixer, planetarymixers, Propellers, Turbines, Paddles
Silverson homogeniser
Filtration: Objectives, applications, Theories & Factors influencing filtration
Filter aids, Filter medias.
Principle, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and demerits of plate & frame filter
Centrifugation: Objectives, principle & applications of Centrifugation
principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Perforated basket centrifuge
Nonperforated basket centrifuge
semi continuous centrifuge & super centrifuge
Factors affecting during materials selected for Pharmaceutical plant construction
Theories of corrosion, types of corrosion and there prevention
Ferrous and nonferrous metals, inorganic and organic non metals, basic of material handling systems.
Research Interest: Nanoparticle, Liposomal drug delivery, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Engineering.