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PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING (Theory)

PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING (Theory)

Teacher

Dr Gurudutta Pattnaik

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name : PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING

Code(Credit) : BPHT2104 (4-0-0)

Objectives

  • This course is designed to impart a fundamental knowledge on the art and science of various unit operations used in pharmaceutical industry.

Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of the course student shall be able:
1. To know various unit operations used in Pharmaceutical industries.
2. To understand the material handling techniques.
3. To perform various processes involved in pharmaceutical manufacturing process.
4. To carry out various test to prevent environmental pollution.
5. To appreciate and comprehend significance of plant lay out design for optimum use of resources.
6. To appreciate the various preventive methods used for corrosion control in
Pharmaceutical industries.

Course Syllabus

MODULE-I
• Flow of fluids: Types of manometers, Reynolds number and its significance,
Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications, Energy losses, Orifice meter, Venturimeter, Pitot tube and Rotometer.
• Size Reduction: Objectives, Mechanisms & Laws governing size reduction, factors affecting size reduction, principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Hammer mill, ball mill, fluid energy mill, Edge runner mill & end runner mill.
• Size Separation: Objectives, applications & mechanism of size separation, official standards of powders, sieves, size separation Principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Sieve shaker, cyclone separator, Air separator, Bag filter & elutriation tank.
MODULE-II
• Heat Transfer: Objectives, applications & Heat transfer mechanisms. Fourier’s law, Heat transfer by conduction, convection & radiation. Heat interchangers & heat exchangers.
• Evaporation: Objectives, applications and factors influencing evaporation,
differences between evaporation and other heat process. principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Steam jacketed kettle, horizontal tube evaporator, climbing film evaporator, forced circulation evaporator, multiple effect evaporator& Economy of multiple effect evaporator.
• Distillation: Basic Principles and methodology of simple distillation,flash
distillation, fractional distillation, distillation under reduced pressure, steam
distillation & molecular distillation
MODULE- III
• Drying: Objectives, applications & mechanism of drying process, measurements & applications of Equilibrium Moisture content, rate of drying curve. principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Tray dryer, drum dryer spray dryer, fluidized bed dryer, vacuum dryer, freeze dryer.
• Mixing: Objectives, applications & factors affecting mixing, Difference between solid and liquid mixing, mechanism of solid mixing, liquids mixing and semisolids mixing. Principles, Construction, Working, uses, Merits and Demerits of Double cone blender, twin shell blender, ribbon blender, Sigma blade mixer, planetarymixers, Propellers, Turbines, Paddles & Silverson Emulsifier,
MODULE-IV
• Filtration: Objectives, applications, Theories & Factors influencing filtration, filter aids, filter medias. Principle, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and demerits of plate & frame filter, filter leaf, rotary drum filter, Meta filter & Cartridge filter, membrane filters and Seidtz filter.
• Centrifugation: Objectives, principle & applications of Centrifugation, principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Perforated basket centrifuge, Nonperforated basket centrifuge, semi continuous centrifuge & super centrifuge.
MODULE- V
• Materials of pharmaceutical plant construction, Corrosion and its prevention:
Factors affecting during materials selected for Pharmaceutical plant construction, Theories of corrosion, types of corrosion and there prevention. Ferrous and nonferrous

Recommended Books
1. Introduction to chemical engineering – Walter L Badger & Julius Banchero, Latest
edition.
2. Solid phase extraction, Principles, techniques and applications by Nigel J.K.
Simpson- Latest edition.
3. Unit operation of chemical engineering – Mcabe Smith, Latest edition.
4. Pharmaceutical engineering principles and practices – C.V.S Subrahmanyam et al.,
5. Remington practice of pharmacy- Martin, Latest edition.
6. Theory and practice of industrial pharmacy by Lachmann., Latest edition.
7. Physical pharmaceutics- C.V.S Subrahmanyam et al., Latest edition.
8. Cooper and Gunn’s Tutorial pharmacy, S.J. Carter, Latest edition.

Session Plan

Session 1

Types of manometers, Reynolds number and its significance

Fluid flow

Session 2

Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications

Bernoullis Experiment

Session 3

Orifice meter, Venturimeter, Pitot tube and Rotometer.

Orifice meter experiment

Venturi meter

Session 4

Size Reduction: Objectives, Mechanisms & Laws governing size reduction, factors affecting size reduction

Size Reduction

Session 5

principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Hammer mill,

Size Reduction

Session 6

Ball mill

Ball Mill

Session 7

Fluid Energy Mill

FBD

Session 8

Size Separation: Objectives, applications & mechanism of size separation, official
standards of powders

Session 9

sieves, size separation Principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Sieve shaker

sieve shaker

Session 10

cyclone separator, Air separator

Cyclone separator

Session 11

Heat Transfer: Objectives, applications & Heat transfer mechanisms

Session 12

Fourier’s law, Heat transfer by conduction, convection & radiation.

Mechanism of heat transfer

Session 13

Heat interchangers & heat exchangers.

Heat exchanager

Session 14

Evaporation: Objectives, applications and factors influencing evaporation,
differences between evaporation and other heat process.

Session 15

principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Steam jacketed kettle, horizontal tube evaporator

Steam jacketed cattle

Session 16

climbing film evaporator, forced circulation evaporator, multiple effect evaporator

Climbing film evaporator

MEE

Session 17

Distillation: Basic Principles and methodology of simple distillation

Simple Distilation

Session 18

Fractional distillation, Distillation under reduced pressure

Fractional Distilation

Session 19

steam distillation

Steam distilation

Session 20

Drying: Objectives, applications & mechanism of drying process,

Drying

Session 21

measurements & applications of Equilibrium Moisture content

EMC

Session 22

Rate of drying curve

Drying rate curve

Session 23

Tray dryer

Tray dryer

Session 24

Fluidized Bed Dryer

FBD

Session 25

Freeze Dryer

Freeze dryer

Session 26

Mixing: Objectives, applications & factors affecting mixing, Difference between
solid and liquid mixing

Session 27

mechanism of solid mixing, liquids mixing and semisolids mixing

Session 28

Principles, Construction, Working, uses, Merits and Demerits of Double cone
blender, twin shell blender, ribbon blender

Double cone

Session 29

Sigma blade mixer, planetarymixers, Propellers, Turbines, Paddles

V cone

Session 30

Silverson homogeniser

Silverson mixer

Session 31

Filtration: Objectives, applications, Theories & Factors influencing filtration

Session 32

Filter aids, Filter medias.

Session 33

Principle, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and demerits of plate & frame filter

Filter press

Session 34

Centrifugation: Objectives, principle & applications of Centrifugation

Centrifuge basic principle

Session 35

principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Perforated basket centrifuge

Perferated basket centrifuge

Session 36

Nonperforated basket centrifuge

Session 37

semi continuous centrifuge & super centrifuge

Super centrifuge

Session 38

Factors affecting during materials selected for Pharmaceutical plant construction

Session 39

Theories of corrosion, types of corrosion and there prevention

Session 40

Ferrous and nonferrous metals, inorganic and organic non metals, basic of material handling systems.

Our Main Teachers

Dr Gurudutta Pattnaik

Principal, Professor, SPLS
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Research Interest: Nanoparticle, Liposomal drug delivery, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Engineering.