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Plant Systematics

Plant Systematics

Teacher

Dr. Gyanranjan Mahalik

Category

Core Courses

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Plant Systematics


Code(Credit):CUTM 1464 (3-2-1)

Course Objectives

•The major features and evolutionary origins of vascular plants
•Identification of plants using dichotomous keys
•The major features and evolutionary origins of vascular plants
•Collect, preserve and identify herbarium specimens in a phylogenetic context

Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:
•Develop understanding of major patterns in the evolution of seed plants. An appreciation of seed plant diversity. A basic understanding of the principles of phylogenetic systematics.
•Define order, family, genus and species. Students will understand the process of plant.
•Pursue higher studies to get employability opportunities.

Course Syllabus

Module-I
Significance of Plant systematic: Introduction to systematic; Plant Classification, Nomenclature; Evidences from palynology, Cytology, Phytochemistry, Embryology, Morphology, Anatomy, and molecular data.
Practice:
1. Identification of phytochemicals present in plants and molecular docking by biovia

Module-II
Field inventory: Functions and importance of Herbarium; Botanical gardens of the world and India; Virtual herbarium; Documentation: Flora, E-flora; Monographs, Journals; Keys: Single access and Multi-access.
Practice:
2. Mounting of a properly dried and pressed specimen of any wild plant with herbarium label (to be submitted in the record book).

Module-III
Taxonomic hierarchy: Concept of taxa (family, genus, species); Categories and taxonomic hierarchy; Species concept, taxonomic, biological, evolutionary
Practice:
3. Plant classification domain to species level

Module-IV
Botanical nomenclature: Principles and rules of (ICBN), Ranks and names; principle of priority, binomial system; type method, author citation, valid-publication, rejection of names; Ranks and names; Typification.
Practice:
4. Demonstration of herbarium techniques
5. Demonstration of virtual herbarium

Module-V
Systems of classification: Major contributions of Theophrastus, Linnaeus, Adanson, de Candolle, Bessey, Hutchinson, Engler and Prantles,Takhtajan and Cronquist; Types of classification: Artificial; Natural and Phylogenetic.; Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG I,II, III) classification.
Practice:
6. To understand how classification systems work

Module-VI
Classification system
Systematic study and economic importance of the following families: Fabaceae, Euphobiaceae,Cucurbitaceae,Malvaceae, Rutaceae, Annonaceae, Brassicaceae, Ranunculaceae & Poaceae.
Numerical taxonomy: Characters; Variations; OTUs, character weighting and coding; Phenograms, cladograms (definitions and differences).
Practice:
7. Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families (Description, ovary, floral diagram/s, floral formula/e and systematic position according to Bentham& Hooker’s system of classification): Ranunculaceae, Brassicaceae

8. Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families (Description, ovary, floral diagram/s, floral formula/e and systematic position according to Bentham& Hooker’s system of classification): Myrtaceae, Umbelliferae
9. Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families Euphorbiaceae, Poaceae
10. Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families Fabaceae, Asteraceae

Module-VII
Phylogeny of Angiosperms: Terms and concepts, primitive and advanced, homology and analogy, parallelism and convergence, monophyly, Paraphyly, polyphyly and clades. Origin and evolution of angiosperms; Co-evolution of angiosperms and animals; Methods of illustrating evolutionary relationship.
Practice:
11. Interaction and co-evolution of flowering plants and animals
12. Study on evolution of few plants.

Text Book:
•Singh, (2012). Plant Systematics: Theory and Practice Oxford & IBH Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 3rdedition.
•Jeffrey, C. (1982). An Introduction to Plant Taxonomy.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
•Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellogg, E.A., Stevens, P.F. (2002). Plant Systematics-A Phylogenetic Approach. Sinauer Associates Inc., U.S.A. 2nd edition.
Reference Book:
•Maheshwari, J.K. (1963). Flora of Delhi. CSIR, New Delhi.
•Radford, A.E. (1986). Fundamentals of Plant Systematics. Harper and Row, New York.

Session Plan

Session 1

Introduction to systematics: Plant identification, Plant Classification
Introduction to systematics (You Tube)
Plant classification (Slide share)

Session 2

Nomenclature, Evidences from palynology
Nomenclature (You Tube)
Palynology (You Tube)

Session 3

Practice:1 (2 hours)
•Identification of phytochemicals present in plants and molecular docking
Docking by using biovia (You Tube)

Session 4

Assignment-1
What is taxonomic evidence? Describe few evidences i.e Embryology, Morphology and Anatomy.

Taxonomic evidences (Slide share)

Session 5

Cytology, phytochemistry and molecular data

Cytolology (You Tube)
Cytotaxonomy (You Tube)

Session 6

Field inventory: Functions and importance of Herbarium
Herbarium (You Tube)
Herbarium (Slide share)

Session 7

Botanical gardens of the world and India
Botanical garden (You Tube)
Botanical garden (Slide share)

Session 8

Documentation: Flora, E-flora; Monographs, Journals,Keys: Single access and Multi-access
Documentation (You Tube)
Taxonomic keys & Flora -ppt

Session 9

Assignment-2
Write notes on E-flora and monographs.

E-flora (Slide share)
Monographs (Slide share)

Session 10

Practice:2 (2 hours)
•Mounting of a properly dried and pressed specimen of any wild plant with herbarium label (to be submitted in the record book).
Herbarium (You Tube)

Session 13

Concept of taxa: family, genus, species
Concept of taxa (You Tube)
Concept of taxa (Slide share)

Session 14

Session 15

Species concept, taxonomic, biological, evolutionary
Evolutionary species concept (You Tube)

Species concept (Slide share)

Session 16

Assginment-3
Describe on Species concep

Plant species concept (Slide share)

Session 17

Practice:3 (2 hours)
•Plant classification domain to species level
Classification (You Tube)

Session 18

Botanical nomenclature:binomial system
Botanical nomenclature (You Tube)
Binomial system (You Tube)

Session 19

Principles and rules of (ICBN)
ICBN (You Tube)
ICBN (Note)

Session 20

Ranks and names; principle of priority
Principle of priority (You Tube)
Rank and names (You Tube)

Session 21

Type method, author citation, valid-publication, rejection of names; Typification
Author citation (You Tube)
Typification (You Tube)
Typification (Slide share)

Session 22

Assignment-4
Describe on effective and valid publication

Valid publication (Slide share)

Session 23

Practice: 4 (2 hours)
•Demonstration of herbarium techniques
Herbarium techniques (You Tube)

Session 24

Practice: 5 (2hours)
•Demonstration of virtual herbarium techniques
Virtual herbarium (You Tube)

Session 25

Systems of classification:Major contributions of Theophrastus, Linnaeus
Major contribution (Slide share)

Session 26

Adanson, de Candolle, Bessey, Hutchinson, Takhtajan and Cronquist
Major Contributions of Adanson,deCandolle and Hutchinson (You Tube)
Major contributions (Slideshare)

Session 27

Assignment-5
Write a note on Engler & Prantles system of classification

Engler & Prantles classification (Slide share)

Session 28

Types of classification: Artificial system of classification
Natural classification (You Tube)
B & H classification (Slide share)

Session 29

Types of classification: Artificial system of classification
Artificial system classification (You Tube)

Session 30

Practice: 6 (2 hours)
•To understand how classification systems work
B & H (You Tube)

Session 31

Phylogenetic system of classification
Phylogenetic system of classification (You Tube)

Session 32

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG III) classification
APG system of classification (You Tube)

Session 33

Assignment-6
Describe on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG I & II) classification

APG system (Slide share)

Session 34

Systematic study and economic importance of the following families: Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae
Fabaceae (You Tube)
Euphorbiaceae (You Tube)

Session 36

Session 37

Assignment-7
Write floral characters, formula and diagram of family Malvaceae and Euphobeaceae

Malvaceae (Slide share)
Euphorbiaceae (Slide Share)

Session 38

Assignment-8
Write the merits and demerits of Rutaceae and fabaceae

Merits and demerits (Slide share)

Session 39

Numerical taxonomy: Characters; Variations; OTUs
Numerical taxonomy (You Tube)

Session 41

Practice: 7 (2 hours)
•Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families (Description, ovary, floral diagram/s, floral formula/e and systematic position according to Bentham& Hooker’s system of classification): Ranunculaceae, Brassicaceae
Morphology of Flowering Plants(You Tube)

Session 42

Practice: 8 (2 hours)
•Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families (Description, ovary, floral diagram/s, floral formula/e and systematic position according to Bentham& Hooker’s system of classification): Myrtaceae, Umbelliferae
Myrtaceae (You tube)
Umbelliferae note

Session 43

Practice: 9 (2 hours)
•Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families Euphorbiaceae, Poaceae
Euphorbiaceae, Poaceae (You Tube)

Session 44

Practice: 10 (2 hours)
•Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families Fabaceae, Asteraceae
Fabaceae, Asteraceae (You Tube)

Session 45

Phylogeny of Angiosperms Terms and concepts, primitive and advanced
Phylogeny of Angiosperms (You Tube)
Angiosperms(Notes)

Session 46

Homology and analogy, parallelism and convergence
Homologous and analogous (You Tube)
Types of evolution (You Tube)

Session 47

Assignment-9
Write notes on: Monophyly, Paraphyly, polyphyly, and clades

Differences (Note)

Session 48

Origin and evolution of angiosperms
Origin and evolution of angiosperms (You Tube)

Session 49

Session 50

Assigment-10
Describe on methods of illustrating evolutionary relationship

Evolutionary relationship (Slide share)

Session 51

Practice: 11 (2 hours)
•Interaction and co-evolution of flowering plants and animals
Co-evolution (You Tube)

Session 52

Practice: 12 (2hours)
•Study on the evolution of few plants
Evolution of plants (You Tube)

Case Studies

Case Studies

Our Main Teachers

I have experience in teaching subjects like Plant systematics, Plant diversity, Plant ecology, and plant biotechnology. I am currently working on different aspects of plant taxonomy, ethnobotany, plant stress biology, microbiology, and applied sciences.