HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I (Theory)

Teacher

SUMAN KUMAR MEKAP

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name: HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I

Code(Credit) : BPHT1101 (4-0-0)

Course Objectives

This subject is designed

  • To impart fundamental knowledge on the structure and functions of the various systems of the human body.
  • It also helps in understanding both homeostatic mechanisms.
  • The subject provides the basic knowledge required to understand the various disciplines of pharmacy.

Course Outcomes

CO

Statements

Mapping with POs

CO-1 Students get basic skill on gross morphology, structure and functions of various organs of the human body. PO1, PO11
CO-2 Describe the various homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances PO1, PO6
CO-3 Identify the various tissues and organs of different systems of human body PO1, PO2, PO6, PO11
CO-4 Perform the various experiments related to special senses and nervous system PO1, PO2, PO6, PO11
CO-5 Appreciate coordinated working pattern of different organs of each system PO1, PO5, PO6, PO11

Course Syllabus

Module I: Introduction to human body

Definition and scope of anatomy and physiology, levels of structural organization and body systems, basic life processes, homeostasis, basic anatomical terminology.
Cellular level of organization Structure and functions of cell, transport across cell membrane, cell division, cell junctions. General principles of cell communication, intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule, Forms of intracellular signaling: a) Contact-dependent b) Paracrine c) Synaptic d) Endocrine

Tissue level of organization Classification of tissues, structure, location and functions of epithelial, muscular and nervous and connective tissues.

Module II: Integumentary system

Structure and functions of skin
Skeletal system
Divisions of skeletal system, types of bone, salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system. Organization of skeletal muscle, physiology of muscle contraction, neuromuscular junction
Joints
Structural and functional classification, types of joints movements and its articulation

Module III: Body fluids and blood

Body fluids, composition and functions of blood, hemopoeisis, formation of hemoglobin, anemia, mechanisms of coagulation, blood grouping, Rh factors, transfusion, its significance and disorders of blood, Reticulo endothelial system.
Lymphatic system

Lymphatic organs and tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation and functions of lymphatic system

Module IV: Peripheral nervous system

Classification of peripheral nervous system:

Structure and functions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves.
Special senses

Structure and functions of eye, ear, nose and tongue and their disorders.

Module V:  Cardiovascular system
Heart – anatomy of heart, blood circulation, blood vessels, structure and functions of artery, vein and capillaries, elements of conduction system of heart and heart beat, its regulation by autonomic nervous system, cardiac output, cardiac cycle. Regulation of blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram and disorders of heart.

Recommended Books 

1. Essentials of Medical Physiology by K. Sembulingam and P. Sembulingam. Jaypee brothers medical publishers, New Delhi.
2. Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness by Kathleen J.W. Wilson, Churchill Livingstone, New York
3. Physiological basis of Medical Practice-Best and Tailor. Williams & Wilkins
Co,Riverview,MI USA
4. Text book of Medical Physiology- Arthur C,Guyton andJohn.E. Hall. Miamisburg, OH, U.S.A.
5. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora Grabowski. Palmetto, GA, U.S.A.

Session Plan

Session 1

Definition and scope of anatomy and physiology

 PDF INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BODY

Scope of anatomy and Physiology

Session 2

Levels of structural organization and body systems

 PDF ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN BODY

Levels of Structural Organization

Session 3

Basic life processes, homeostasis and basic anatomical terminology

 PDF BASIC LIFE PROCESS

Basic Life Process

Session 4

Structure and functions of cell

PDF CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Cell Structure and Function

Session 5

Transport across cell membrane, cell division and cell junctions  

PDF CELL JUNCTION

CELL TRANSPORTATION

Session 6

General principles of cell communication and intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule

PDF CELL SIGNALING

Cell signaling

Session 7

Forms of intracellular signaling Like Contact-dependent, Paracrine, Synaptic and Endocrine

 PDF TYPES OF CELL SIGNALING

Cell signaling

Session 8

Session 9

Structure, location and functions of epithelial and muscular tissue

PDF EPITHELIAL AND MUSCULAR TISSUE

Structure and location of Tissues

Session 10

Structure, location and functions of nervous and connective tissues

PDF ORGANIZATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

Structure and location of Nervous Tissues

Session 11

Structure and functions of skin

PDF INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Structure and Function of skin

Session 12

Divisions of skeletal system

PDF SKELETAL SYSTEM

Skeletal System

Session 13

Types of bone, salient features and functions of bones

PDF TYPES OF BONE

Types of Bones

Session 14

Axial and appendicular skeletal system

PDF AXIAL AND APPENDICULAR SKELETON

Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

Session 15

Session 16

physiology of muscle contraction and neuromuscular junction

PDF PHYSIOLOGY OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION

Physiology of Muscle Contraction

Session 17

Structural and functional classification of joints

PDF FUNCTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS

Structure and Function of Joints

Session 18

Movements and articulations of joint

PDF MOVEMENT AND ARTICULATION OF JOINTS

Movement of Joints

Session 19

Body fluids & composition and functions of blood

PDF FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE

Body fluid composition

Session 20

Formation of hemoglobin, anemia and mechanisms of coagulation

PDF BLOOD FORMATION

Formation of Haemoglobin

Session 21

Blood grouping and Rh factors

PDF BLOOD GROUPING AND RH FACTOR

Blood Grouping

Session 22

Transfusion, its significance and disorders of blood

PDF BLOOD DISORDERS

Blood Disorders

Session 23

Lymphatic organs and tissues

PDF LYMPHATIC TISSUE AND ORGANS

Lymphatic organ

Session 24

Lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation and functions of lymphatic system

PDF LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Lymph Circulation

Session 25

Classification of peripheral nervous system

PDF ORGANIZATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

Classification of PNS

Session 26

Structure and functions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

PDF ORGANIZATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic system

Session 27

Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves

PDF ORGANIZATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

Spinal Cord

Session 28

Structure and functions of eye and ear and their disorders

PDF EYE

Structure Function and Disorders of Eye

Session 29

Structure and functions of nose and tongue and their disorders

PDF NOSE

Nose Tongue and its Disorders

Session 30

Anatomy of heart, blood circulation and blood vessels

PDF HEART ANATOMY AND BASIC FUNCTION

Heart and its Function

Session 31

Structure and functions of artery, vein and capillaries

PDF BLOOD FLOW

Artery, Veins and Capillaries

Session 32

Elements of conduction system of heart and heart beat, its regulation by autonomic nervous system

PDF HEART ANATOMY AND BASIC FUNCTION

Conduction System

Session 33

Cardiac output and Cardiac cycle

PDF HEART ANATOMY AND BASIC FUNCTION

Cardiac Cycle

Session 34

Regulation of blood pressure and pulse

PDF HEART ANATOMY AND BASIC FUNCTION

Blood Pressure Regulation

Session 35

Electrocardiogram and disorders of heart

PDF ECG

PDF Cardio vascular Disorders

ECG

Case Studies

Case Studies