Pharmacy Practice (Theory)

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SUMAN KUMAR MEKAP

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Course Name : Pharmacy Practice (Theory)

Code(Credit) : BPHT4103 (4-0-0)

Course Objectives

In the changing scenario of pharmacy practice in India, for successful practice of Hospital Pharmacy, the students are required to learn various skills like drug distribution, drug information, and therapeutic drug monitoring for improved patient care. In community pharmacy, students will be learning various skills such as dispensing of drugs, responding to minor ailments by providing suitable safe medication, and patient counseling for improved patient care in the community setup.

Course Outcomes

CO

Statements

Mapping with POs

CO-1 Know various drug distribution methods in a hospital PO1, PO3, PO9
CO-2 Appreciate the pharmacy stores management and inventory control PO1, PO3, PO6, PO9
CO-3 Monitor drug therapy of patient through medication chart review and clinical review PO1, PO3, PO6, PO9
C0-4 To review literature pertaining to entrepreneurship in pharmacy practice PO1, PO3, PO6, PO9
C0-5 To develop entrepreneurship qualities that support growth of pharmaceuticals and identify drug related problems PO1, PO2, PO6, PO9

Course Syllabus

Module: I

a) Hospital and it’s organization

Definition, Classification of hospital- Primary, Secondary and Tertiary hospitals, Classification based on clinical and non- clinical basis, Organization Structure of a Hospital, and Medical staffs involved in the hospital and their functions.

b) Hospital pharmacy and its organization

Definition, functions of hospital pharmacy, Organization structure, Location, Layout and staff requirements, and Responsibilities and functions of hospital pharmacists.

c) Adverse drug reaction

Classifications - Excessive pharmacological effects, secondary pharmacological effects, idiosyncrasy, allergic drug reactions, genetically determined toxicity, toxicity following sudden withdrawal of drugs, Drug interaction- beneficial interactions, adverse interactions, and pharmacokinetic drug interactions, Methods for detecting drug interactions, spontaneous case reports and record linkage studies, and Adverse drug reaction reporting and management.

d) Community Pharmacy

Organization and structure of retail and wholesale drug store, types and design, Legal requirements for establishment and maintenance of a drug store, Dispensing of proprietary products, maintenance of records of retail and wholesale drug store.

Module: II

a) Drug distribution system in a hospital

Dispensing of drugs to inpatients, types of drug distribution systems, charging policy and labelling, Dispensing of drugs to ambulatory patients, and Dispensing of controlled drugs.

b) Hospital formulary

Definition, contents of hospital formulary, Differentiation of hospital formulary and Drug list, preparation and revision, and addition and deletion of drug from hospital formulary.

c) Therapeutic drug monitoring

Need for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Factors to be considered during the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, and Indian scenario for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

d) Medication adherence

Causes of medication non-adherence, pharmacist role in the medication adherence, and monitoring of patient medication adherence.

e) Patient medication history interview

Need for the patient medication history interview, medication interview forms.

f) Community pharmacy management

Financial, materials, staff, and infrastructure requirements.

Module: III 

a) Pharmacy and therapeutic committee

Organization, functions, Policies of the pharmacy and therapeutic committee in including drugs into formulary, inpatient and outpatient prescription, automatic stop order, and emergency drug list preparation.

b) Drug information services

Drug and Poison information centre, Sources of drug information, Computerised services, and storage and retrieval of information.

c) Patient counseling

Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in patient counseling, and Special cases that require the pharmacist

d) Education and training program in the hospital

Role of pharmacist in the education and training program, Internal and external training program, Services to the nursing homes/clinics, Code of ethics for community pharmacy, and Role of pharmacist in the interdepartmental communication and community health education.

e) Prescribed medication order and communication skills

Prescribed medication order- interpretation and legal requirements, and Communication skills- communication with prescribers and patients.

Module: IV 

a) Budget preparation and implementation

Budget preparation and implementation

b) Clinical Pharmacy

Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pharmacy, functions and responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Drug therapy monitoring - medication chart review, clinical review, pharmacist intervention, Ward round participation, Medication history and Pharmaceutical care.

Dosing pattern and drug therapy based on Pharmacokinetic & disease pattern.

c) Over the counter (OTC) sales

Introduction and sale of over the counter, and Rational use of common over the counter medications.

Module: V 

a) Drug store management and inventory control

Organisation of drug store, types of materials stocked and storage conditions, Purchase and inventory control: principles, purchase procedure, purchase order, procurement and stocking, Economic order quantity, Reorder quantity level, and Methods used for the analysis of the drug expenditure

b) Investigational use of drugs

Description, principles involved, classification, control, identification, role of hospital pharmacist, advisory committee.

c) Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Tests

Blood chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis

Recommended Books (Latest Edition):

1. Merchant S.H. and Dr. J.S.Quadry. A textbook of hospital pharmacy, 4th ed. Ahmadabad: B.S. Shah Prakakshan; 2001.
2. Parthasarathi G, Karin Nyfort-Hansen, Milap C Nahata. A textbook of Clinical Pharmacy Practice- essential concepts and skills, 1st ed. Chennai: Orient Longman Private Limited; 2004.
3. William E. Hassan. Hospital pharmacy, 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1986.
4. Tipnis Bajaj. Hospital Pharmacy, 1st ed. Maharashtra: Career Publications; 2008.
5. Scott LT. Basic skills in interpreting laboratory data, 4thed. American Society of Health System Pharmacists Inc; 2009.
6. Parmar N.S. Health Education and Community Pharmacy, 18th ed. India: CBS Publishers & Distributers; 2008.
Journals:
1. Therapeutic drug monitoring. ISSN: 0163-4356
2. Journal of pharmacy practice. ISSN : 0974-8326
3. American journal of health system pharmacy. ISSN: 1535-2900 (online)
4. Pharmacy times (Monthly magazine)

Session Plan

Session 1

Hospital and it’s organization Definition, Classification of hospital- Primary, Secondary and Tertiary hospitals.

PDF 1.1 Definition, Classification of hospital

Session 2

Hospital pharmacy and its organization

PDF1.2 Organization Structure of Hospital

Session 3

 Organization structure OF Hospital pharmacy.

PDF 1.3 Hospital pharmacy and its organization

Session 4

Adverse drug reaction

PDF 1.4 Adverse Drug Reaction

Session 5

Community Pharmacy

Organization and structure of retail and wholesale drug store

PDF 1.5 Community Pharmacy

Session 6

Drug distribution system in a hospital

Dispensing of drugs to inpatients, types of drug distribution systems

PDF 2.1 Drug distribution in hospital pharmacy

Session 7

Hospital formulary

Definition, contents of hospital formulary

PDF 2.2 Hospital formulary

Session 8

Therapeutic drug monitoring

Need for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Factors to be considered during the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

PDF 2.3 THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING

Session 9

Medication adherence

Causes of medication non-adherence, pharmacist role in the medication adherence

PDF 2.4 Medication Adherence

Session 10

Patient medication history interview

Need for the patient medication history interview, medication interview forms

PDF 2.5 Medication history interview

Session 11

Community pharmacy management

Financial, materials, staff, and infrastructure requirements

PDF 2.6 Community Pharmacy Management

Session 12

Pharmacy and therapeutic committee

Organization, functions, Policies of the pharmacy and therapeutic committee in including drugs into formulary

PDF 3.1 Pharmacy and Therapeutic Committe

Session 13

Drug information services

Drug and Poison information centre, Sources of drug information, Computerised services, and storage and retrieval of information

PDF 3.2 Drug information service

Session 14

Patient counseling

Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in patient counseling, and Special cases that require the pharmacist

PDF 3.3 Patient Councelling 

Session 15

Education and training program in the hospital

Role of pharmacist in the education and training program, Internal and external training program, Services to the nursing homes/clinics

PDF 3.4 Education and Training Program

Session 16

Prescribed medication order and communication skills

Prescribed medication order- interpretation and legal requirements, and Communication skills- communication with prescribers and patients

PDF 3.5 Prescribed Medication Order & Communication Skills

Session 17

Budget preparation and implementation

Budget preparation and implementation

PDF 4.1 Budget Preparation and Implementation

Session 18

Clinical Pharmacy

Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, Concept of clinical pharmacy, functions and responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Drug therapy monitoring

PDF 4.2 Clinical Pharmacy

Session 19

Over the counter (OTC) sales

Introduction and sale of over the counter, and Rational use of common over-the-counter medications

PDF 4.3 OTC Product

Session 20

Drug store management and inventory control

Organisation of drug store, types of materials stocked and storage conditions, Purchase and inventory control

PDF 5.1 Drug Store Management

Session 21

Investigational use of drugs

Description, principles involved, classification, control, identification, role of hospital pharmacist, advisory committee

PDF 5.2 Investigational Use of Drugs 

Session 22

Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Tests

Blood chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis

PDF 5.3 Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Tests

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