Archegoniate

Teacher

Dr. Shantanu Bhattacharyya

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Core Courses

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Course Name : Archegoniate

Code(Credit) :CUTM1458(3-2-1)

Course Objectives

To know the principles of Archegoniate taxonomy.

To know economic importance of archegoniate.

Studying the archegoniate phylogeny.

Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:

Learn brief summary of the knowledge or skill the course of archegoniate taxonomy.

Knowledge of extant and extinct species of archegoniate.

Course Syllabus

Module-I

Introduction: Unifying features of archegoniates; Transition to land habit; Alternation of generations.

Bryophytes: General characteristics; Adaptations to land habit; Classification; Range of thallus organization.

Type Studies- Bryophytes:  Classification (up to family), morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Riccia, Marchantia, Pellia, Porella.

Practice 1:Study of Morphology of thallus of  Riccia

Practice 2Marchantia- Morphology of thallus, whole mount of rhizoids & Scales, vertical section of thallus through Gemma cup, whole mount of Gemmae (all temporary slides), vertical section of Antheridiophore, Archegoniophore, longitudinal section of Sporophyte (all permanent slides).

Practice 3:Study of the Morphology of thallus of Pellia and Porella

 

Module-II 

Type Studies- Bryophytes:  Classification (up to family), morphology, anatomy and reproduction of, Anthoceros,  Sphagnum and Funaria.

Practice 4: Anthoceros-Morphology of thallus, dissection of sporophyte (to show stomata, spores, pseudoelaters, columella) (temporary slide), vertical section of thallus.

Practice 5: Sphagnum- Morphology of plant, whole mount of leaf.

Practice 6: Funaria- Morphology, whole mount of leaf, rhizoids, operculum, peristome, annulus, spores (temporary slides); permanent slides showing antheridial and archegonial heads, longitudinal section of capsule and protonema.

 

Module-III

Reproduction and evolutionary trends in Riccia, Marchantia, Anthoceros and Funaria (developmental stages not included).

Ecological and economic importance of bryophytes with special reference to Sphagnum.  

 

Module-IV

Pteridophytes: General characteristics; Classification; Early land plants (Cooksonia and Rhynia).

Type Studies- Pteridophytes: Classification (up to family), morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Psilotum, Selaginella,(Developmental details not to be included).

 Practice 7: Psilotum- Study of specimen, transverse section of synangium.

Practice 8: Selaginella- Morphology, whole mount of leaf with ligule, transverse section of stem, whole mount of strobilus, whole mount of microsporophyll and megasporophyll (temporary slides), longitudinal section of strobilus.

 

Module-V

Type Studies- Pteridophytes: Classification (up to family), morphology, anatomy and reproduction Equisetum and Pteris (Developmental details not to be included).

Practice 9: Equisetum- Morphology, transverse section of internode, longitudinal section of strobilus, transversesection of strobilus, whole mount of sporangiophore, whole mount of spores (wet and dry) (temporary slide), transverse section of rhizome.

Practice 10: Pteris- Morphology, transverse section of rachis, vertical section of sporophyll, wholemount of sporangium, whole mount of spores (temporary slides), transverse section of rhizome, whole mount of prothallus with sex organs and young sporophyte.

 

Module-VI

Apogamy, and apospory, heterospory and seed habit, telome theory, stellar evolution; Ecological and economic importance.

 

Module-VII  

Gymnosperms: General characteristics, classification (up to family), morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Cycas, Pinus and Gnetum (Developmental details not to be included); Ecological and economic importance.  

Practice 11: Cycas- Morphology (coralloid roots, bulbil, leaf), whole mount of microsporophyll, transverse section of coralloid root, transverse section of rachis, vertical section of leaflet, vertical section of microsporophyll, whole mount of spores (temporary slides), longitudinal section of ovule, transverse section of root (permanent slide).

Practice 12: Pinus- Morphology (long and dwarf shoots, whole mount of dwarf shoot, male and female cones), transverse section of Needle, transverse section of stem, longitudinal section of / transverse section of male cone, whole mount of microsporophyll, whole mount of Microspores (temporary slides), longitudinal section of female cone, tangential longitudinal section & radial longitudinal sections stem (permanent slide).

 

Text Book: 

1. Vashistha, P.C., Sinha, A.K., Kumar, A. (2010). Pteridophyta. S. Chand. Delhi, India.

2. Bhatnagar, S.P. &Moitra, A. (1996). Gymnosperms. New Age International (P) Ltd Publishers, New Delhi, India.

Reference Book:

1.Parihar, N.S. (1991). An introduction to Embryophyta: Vol. I. Bryophyta. Central Book Depot. Allahabad.

2.Raven, P.H., Johnson, G.B., Losos, J.B., Singer, S.R. (2005). Biology. Tata McGraw Hill, Delhi.

3.Vanderpoorten, A. &Goffinet, B. (2009) Introduction to Bryophytes. Cambridge University Press.

Session Plan

Session 1

Session 6 (Practice 1)

Riccia–Study of Morphology of thallus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dOKkyj6kYE

Session 9 (Practice 2)

Marchantia- Morphology of thallus, whole mount of rhizoids & Scales, vertical section of thallus through Gemma cup, whole mount of Gemmae (all temporary slides),Vertical section of Antheridiophore, Archegoniophore, longitudinal section of Sporophyte (all permanent slides).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihj3UfSxRqA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q82zgzWk3B4

Session 10 (Practice 3)

Session 12

Classification (up to family), morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Porella

http://www.biologydiscussion.com/botany/bryophytes/reproduction-in-porella-with-diagram/46271

https://istudy.pk/porella/

Session 15 (Practice 4)

Anthoceros- Morphology of thallus, dissection of sporophyte (to show stomata, spores,  pseudoelaters,columella) (temporary slide), vertical section of thallus.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbrhUjhyxVo

Session 16

Session 18 (Practice 5)

Sphagnum- Morphology of plant, whole mount of leaf.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=karF-cIYw3E

Session 21 (Practice 6)

Funaria- Morphology, whole mount of leaf, rhizoids, operculum, peristome, annulus, spores (temporary slides); permanent slides showing antheridial and archegonial heads, longitudinal section of capsule and protonema.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPL5q_A8wh8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5ucgZ49RCA

Session 30 (Practice 7)

Psilotum- Study of specimen, transverse section of synangium.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygIE6s_tHM8

Session 31

Reproduction of Selaginella (Developmental details not to be included)

https://www.slideshare.net/PresentMam/mature-sporophyte-2n

Module 5

Type Studies-Pteridophytes: Classification (up to family), morphology of Equisetum

https://www.slideshare.net/SijoA/vegetative-characters-of-equisetum

https://www.slideshare.net/geonyzl/family-equisetaceae

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ygZciW_LcY

Session 32 (Practice 8)

Selaginella- Morphology, whole mount of leaf with ligule, transverse section of stem, whole mount of strobilus, whole mount of microsporophyll and megasporophyll (temporary slides), longitudinal section of strobilus.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1KAr-5KSKU

Session 34 (Practice 9)

Equisetum- Morphology, transverse section of internode, longitudinal section of strobilus, transverse section of strobilus, whole mount of sporangiophore, whole mount of spores (wet and dry) (temporary slide), transverse section of rhizome.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oj6SI_OT85A

Session 36 (Practice 10)

Pteris- Morphology, transverse section of rachis, vertical section of sporophyll, wholemount of sporangium, whole mount of spores (temporary slides), transverse section of rhizome, whole mount of prothallus with sex organs and young sporophyte.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_x23rUqFgo

Session 37 (Assignment 5)

Session 46 (Practice 11)

Cycas- Morphology (coralloid roots, bulbil, leaf), whole mount of microsporophyll,T S of coralloid root, T S of rachis, VS of leaflet,VS of microsporophyll, whole mount of spores, LS of ovule, TS of root.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5e6fdE8WVTA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrVdHaDNzzY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6d8ttX1KZlU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fc5JJWKkSzA

Session 49 (Practice 12)

Pinus - Morphology (long and dwarf shoots, whole mount of dwarf shoot, male and female cones), TS of Needle, TS of stem, LS of /TS of male cone, whole mount of microsporophyll, whole mount of Microspores, LS of female cone, tangential longitudinal section & radial LS of stem.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-leMR0IMbo&t=78s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TetsFV4EU68&t=19s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XGoUVT_rQI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzttBL9PmxI

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Dr. Shantanu Bhattacharyya

Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, School of Applied Science ( Bolangir Campus)
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Dr. Shantanu Bhattacharyya works as an Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, at the Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bolangir Campus, Odisha, India. He has received his M.Sc. (Life Science- Botany) and M.Phil (Life Sciences) from Sambalpur University, Orissa, India and B.Ed. from Singhania University, Rajasthan India. He qualified GATE-2007, CSIR-UGC NET LS -2008. He […]