CROP IMPROVEMENT – I(Cereals, millets, pulses & oil seeds etc.)(Kharif)

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Shampa Purkaystha

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Core Courses

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Course Name : CROP IMPROVEMENT-I (Cereals, millets, pulses & oil seeds etc.)(Kharif)

Course Code: ASPG3104 (1-1-0)

Programme Outcomes:

PO1 : Knowledge Enhancement : Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of essential facts, concepts, principles and theories relating to Soil Science, Agronomy, Horticulture, Genetics and Plant Breeding, Plant Pathology, Entomology and other such areas of agriculture.

PO2 : Professional Enhancement : Understanding the value and processes of life-long learning and professional development.

PO3 : Entrepreneurship Skills : Understanding the processes of setting up and managing viable business ventures.

PO4 : Communication & Extension Skills : Developing appropriate communication skills for effective transfer of knowledge and technologies through extension programs.

PO5 : Team Work : Play effective roles in multidisciplinary teams.

PO6 : Educational Leadership : Recognize and meet emerging agriculture challenges of global society in the 21st century and developing leadership and strong linkages in the agro-industrial setup.

PO7 : Data Handling : Collect, analyze and interpret scientific data.

PO8 : Ethics : Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the scientific practice.

PO9 : Computational Skills : Recognize, analyze problems and plan strategies for their solutions with the help of computer skills.

Course Objectives:

CO1: Remember the origin and diversity of different crops

CO2: Understand the components of inheritance and various crop improvement techniques

CO3: Understand different breeding techniques for the genetic improvement in kharif crops

CO4: Evaluate the adaptability, stability, Quality parameters, biotic and abiotic stress of various kharif crops

CO5: Utilize hybrid seed production techniques in cultivation of kharif crops

CO6: Design and layout field experiments to analyze the quality characters of donor parents

Course Outcomes:

By the end of this course students will imparted with knowledge on the botanical description, origin, distribution and various breeding approaches used for the development of varieties / hybrids in various Kharif crops

 Syllabus (Theory):

Unit I: Botanical Name, family, chromosome number, centre of origin, nature of pollination, list of wild relatives (donor parents for different characters), distributions of species of 18 selected crops (rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, pigeonpea,mungbean, soybean, groundnut, sesame, castor, cotton, tobacco, okra, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, smooth gourd and cucumber).

Unit II: Floral biology as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters of rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, pigeonpea, mungbean, soybean, groundnut, seasame, castor, cotton, tobacco, okra, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, smooth gourd and cucumber; Breeding methods of rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, pigeonpea, mungbean, soybean, groundnut, sesame, castor, cotton, tobacco, okra, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, smooth gourd and cucumber.

Unit III: Major breeding objectives (including quality parameters) of rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, pigeonpea, mungbean, soybean, groundnut, sesame, castor, cotton, and tobacco, okra, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, smooth gourd and cucumber; Ideotype concept for Rice, Pigeonpea, and Cotton. International, National and State level research station and varieties/hybrids released of rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, pigeonpea, mungbean, soybean, groundnut, sesame, castor, cotton, tobacco, okra, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, smooth gourd and cucumber.

Unit IV: Plant Genetic Resources: definition, important features of germplasm, kinds of germplasm, classification of gene pool, types of seed collections, germplasm activities, exploration – merits and demerits of exploration and collection of germplasm, germplasm conservation – in situ conservation, ex-situ conservation, evaluation, documentation, distribution and utilization, Adaptability & stability, types of adaptation- adaptability; Stability: models for stability analysis; Breeding for biotic and abiotic stress.

 Syllabus (Practical):

Emasculation and hybridization techniques rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet; Emasculation and hybridization techniques in pigeonpea and mungbean; Emasculation and hybridization techniques in soybean, groundnut, seasame, castor, cotton; Emasculation and hybridization techniques in tobacco and okra; Emasculation and hybridization techniques in bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, smooth gourd and cucumber; Maintenance breeding of different kharif crops; Detailed procedure of hybrid seed production of maize, pearl millet and cotton and castor etc.; Visit to seed production plots and submission of report; Visit to AICRP plots of different field crops and submission of report.

References:

1.Manoj Kumar Sharma. 2021. Crop Breeding Vol - I (Kharif Crops) .  Rudra Publications.
2. Dr. Rajendra Kumar Yadav. Practical Manual on Crop Improvement-I (Kharif Crops).S.K.Kataria & Sons.
3. Rajendra Kumar Yadav , Crop Breeding- i (Kharif Crops). Kalyani Publishers
4. Joginder Singh, Modern approaches in crop improvement. Weser Books
5. Hari Har Ram (2019), Crop Breeding and Biotechnology: Principles and Methods. Kalyani Publications

Session Plan (Theory):

Session 1: Botanical description, floral biology, breeding methods and breeding objectives as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters in rice and maize

Centers of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives in different cerealshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFN0aPvQzDchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7V4t0FTQcVI

Session 2: Botanical description, floral biology, breeding methods and breeding objectives as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters in sorghum and pearl millet

Centers of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives in different cereals othershttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXzOC4PnZFYhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1yaD1mgA7Mhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdZvc_AIIgA&t=423s

Session 3:Botanical description, floral biology, breeding methods and breeding objectives as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters in pigeonpea and mungbean

Centers of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives in different pulseshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0dHVMbXErwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Uux87T2riEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6ZsS6WZd_I

Session 4: Botanical description, floral biology as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters breeding methods and breeding objectives in soybean and groundnut

Session 5: Botanical description, floral biology, breeding methods and breeding objectives as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters in sesame and castor

Session 6: Botanical description, floral biology as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters breeding methods and breeding objectives in cotton and tobacco

Session 7:Botanical description, floral biology, breeding methods and breeding objectives as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters in okra, bottle gourd and smooth gourd

Session 8: Botanical description, floral biology, breeding methods and breeding objectives as well as study of genetics of qualitative and quantitative characters in bitter gourd, ridge gourd and cucumber

Session 9: Study about different International, National and State level research station and varieties/hybrids released in different kharif crops

Session 10: Plant Genetic Resources

Session 11: Ideotype concept for Rice, Pigeonpea, and Cotton

Session 12: Germplasm conservation – in situ conservation, ex-situ conservation, evaluation, documentation, distribution and utilization

Session 13: Adaptability & stability, types of adaptation- adaptability

Session 14: Stability: models for stability analysis

Session 15: Breeding for biotic stress

Session 16: Breeding for abiotic stress

Session Plan (Practical):

Session 1: Emasculation and hybridization techniques rice, maize

Session 2: Emasculation and hybridization techniques sorghum, pearl millet

Session 3: Emasculation and hybridization techniques in pigeonpea and mungbean

Session 4: Emasculation and hybridization techniques in soybean, groundnut

Session 5: Emasculation and hybridization techniques in seasame, castor, cotton

Session 6: Emasculation and hybridization techniques in tobacco and okra

Session 7: Emasculation and hybridization techniques in bottle gourd, bitter gourd

Session 8: Emasculation and hybridization techniques in ridge gourd, smooth gourd and cucumber

Session 9: Maintenance breeding of different kharif crops

Session 10: Detailed procedure of hybrid seed production of rice and maize

Session 11: Detailed procedure of hybrid seed production of sorghum and  pearl millet

Session 12: Detailed procedure of hybrid seed production of soybean, groundnut

Session 13: Detailed procedure of hybrid seed production of cotton and castor

Session 14: Visit to seed production plots and submission of report

Session 15: Visit to AICRP plots of different field crops

Session 16: Submission of report

Case Studies