FINGERPRINT SCIENCE AND OTHER IMPRESSIONS (CUTM 2311)

Teacher

Dr. Naga Jogayya K

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name: Fingerprint Science and Other Impressions

Code (Credits): CUTM2311 (3+2+0)

Course Objectives

  1. To learn about fingerprint science, its development and various aspects.
  2. To learn about various classification systems of fingerprints.
  3. To learn about development and analysis of fingerprint by various physical and chemical methods

Course Outcomes

On successful completion of this course, the students should be able

  1. To explain the concepts involving the fundamental principles on which the
    science of fingerprinting is based
  2. To demonstrate the pattern types and the different systems of fingerprints
    classification
  3. To acquire the skills relating to the physical and chemical techniques of
    developing fingerprints on crime scene evidence

Syllabus:

Unit I: History of fingerprint science & Basics of fingerprint
History and development of fingerprint in India and abroad, morphology and anatomy of dermal skin, Embryology of fingerprint- morphology of volar pad and configurational areas, development of volar pad, formation of friction ridges, Sweat glands- eccrine, sebaceous and apocrine, Definition of fingerprint, Theory and principles of fingerprint, Forensic significance of fingerprint. Case studies.

Unit II: Fingerprint classification systems
Basic classification of fingerprint- arch, loop, whorl and composite, Rules for placing core and delta, counting and tracing of ridges, ridge density, Classification of identification of fingerprint- different system of classifications (Ivon, Vucetich, Purkinje, Francis Galton, Henry 10 digit, Henry FBI extension
and Battley single digit classification) and their modification till date and their utilities.

Unit III: Taking and collection of fingerprint
Types of fingerprint- rolled, plain, chance, latent, patent and plastic, Collection of latent, patent and plastic fingerprint : methods, procedure, precautions, limitations, preservation and preservation and lifting of fingerprint, Taking of fingerprint: Taking fingerprints of living person- purpose, requirements, procedures, precaution, limitation and collection, Taking finger prints of dead bodies- purpose, requirements, procedures, precaution, limitation and collection(techniques of recording fingerprints of dead bodies of different stages, viz, immediately after death and after rigor mortis, decomposed and
charred bodies).

Unit IV: Detection & Development of fingerprint
Detection of fingerprint using Light sources, Development of fingerprint: Physical methods and chemical methods- silver nitrate, Ninhydrin and its analogues, physical developer etc., fuming methods, iodine fuming, cyanoacrylate fuming, soot method, hydrogen fluoride fuming and metal deposition method.

Unit V: Comparison of Fingerprints
Comparison of fingerprint: class and individual characteristics (minutia's), fundamentals of comparison print to print, trace to record, trace to print, trace to trace, documentation of fingerprint, AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System)

Unit VI: Impression Evidence I
Lip prints & Ear Prints: Introduction, Collection, preservation, Examination & their significance.

Unit VII: Impression Evidence II
Palm Prints & Foot print impressions: Introduction, Collection, preservation, Examination & their significance.

Session Plan

Session 1

History and development of fingerprint in India and abroad

https://onin.com/fp/fphistory.html

Session 3

Embryology of fingerprint- morphology of volar pad and configurational areas

https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/225323.pdf

Session 4

Development of volar pad, formation of friction ridges, Sweat glands- eccrine, sebaceous and apocrine.

https://evolveforensics.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Maceo-Alice.-Friction-Ridge-Skin-Morphogenesis-and-Overview.pdf

Session 5

Definition of fingerprint, Theory and principles of fingerprint, Forensic significance of fingerprint. Case studies

https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/225320.pdf

Session 6

Basic classification of fingerprint- arch, loop, whorl and composite

https://training.delhipolice.gov.in/PDF/PublicData/EVENTS_20191212104531943.pdf

Session 7

Rules for placing core and delta, counting and tracing of ridges, ridge density

https://www.slideshare.net/darwendloualbores/ridge-countingandtracing

Session 8

Classification of identification of fingerprint- different system of classifications

https://www.forensicscienceindia.com/post/fingerprint-identification-and-classification-system

Session 9

Types of fingerprint- rolled, plain, chance, latent, patent and plastic

https://www.marylandfingerprint.com/single-post/2020/10/26/3-types-of-fingerprints-latent-patent-and-plastic

Session 10

Collection of latent, patent and plastic fingerprint : methods, procedure, precautions, limitations, preservation and preservation and lifting of fingerprint

https://www.annexpublishers.com/articles/JFSC/9202-Development-of-Fingerprint-on-Different.pdf

Session 11

Taking of fingerprint: Taking fingerprints of living person- purpose, requirements,
procedures, precaution, limitation and collection

https://www.jbino.com/docs/Issue06_01_2019.pdf

Session 12

Taking finger prints of dead bodies- purpose, requirements, procedures, precaution, limitation and collection(techniques of recording fingerprints of
dead bodies of different stages, viz, immediately after death and after rigor mortis, decomposed and charred bodies).

https://www.jbino.com/docs/Issue06_01_2019.pdf

Session 13

Detection of fingerprint using Light sources

https://www.horiba.com/fileadmin/uploads/Scientific/Documents/Forensics/fls.pdf

Session 14

Comparison of fingerprint: class and individual characteristics (minutia's),

http://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in/epgpdata/uploads/epgp_content/S000016FS/P000690/M011413/ET/1516186869FSC_P3_M3_e-text.pdf

Session 15

Fundamentals of comparison print to print, trace to record, trace to print, trace to trace, documentation of fingerprint

https://youtu.be/SjUNl6sUvig

Session 16

AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System).

https://youtu.be/97jQTasN7X8

Session 17

Lip prints & Ear Prints: Introduction, Collection, preservation, Examination & their significance

https://youtu.be/a1AjWnzybOo

Session 18

Palm Prints & Foot print impressions: Introduction, Collection, preservation, Examination & their significance.

https://youtu.be/kkMPYoN-Vy4

Suggested Readings

  1. J.E. Cowger, Friction Ridge Skin, CRC Press, Boca Raton (1983).
  2. D.A. Ashbaugh, Quantitative-Qualitative Friction Ridge Analysis, CRC Press, Boca Raton (2000).
  3. C. Champod, C. Lennard, P. Margot an M. Stoilovic, Fingerprints and other Ridge Skin Impressions, CRC Press, Boca Raton (2004).
  4. Lee and Gaensleen’s, Advances in Fingerprint Technology, 3rd Edition, R.S. Ramotowski (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton (2013)

Practical's

  1. To record plain and rolled fingerprints.
  2. To identify different types of fingerprint patterns in a given fingerprint.
  3. To locate and identify type line, core and delta in a given fingerprint.
  4. To carry out ridge tracing and ridge counting of fingerprints.
  5. To carry out ridge density of fingerprints.
  6. To locate, identify, develop and preserve the fingerprint impression by using physical methods of fingerprint detection.
  7. To locate, identify, develop and preserve the fingerprint impression by using chemical methods of fingerprint detection.
  8. To extract the fingerprint minutiae from a given fingerprint sample.
  9. To compare and opine whether two given fingerprints are or not.
  10. To carry out ten-digit classification of fingerprints.

Our Main Teachers

Dr. Naga Jogayya K

Assistant Professor & HOD
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