Diversity of Chordates

Teacher

Sunita Satapathy

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name : Diversity of Chordates

Code(Credit) : CUTM1501 (3-2-1)

Course Objectives

  • To understand students about aware of higher organisms and their taxonomy to correlate the evolutionary trend in organisms.
  • To make students to identify the diversification of species of chordate world

CoursOutcomes

  • An in depth study for better application of mind to further approach towards biology.
  • Students will be able to conduct research work efficiently
COs Course Outcomes Mapping COs with POs

(High-3, Medium-2, Low-1)

CO1 Student should be able to describe unique characters of urochordates, cephalochordates and fishes.

 

PO1-3, PO2-1, PO9-2
CO2 Student should be able to recognize life functions of urochordates to fishes. PO1-3, PO2-3, PO9-2
CO3 Acquire in depth knowledge on the diversity of chordates and their systematic position PO1-3, PO2-2, PO9-2

Course Syllabus

Module- I 

Introduction to Chordates:

1.1-General characteristics and classification of chordates

1.2- General characteristics of protochordates and  Hemichordata

1.3- General characteristics of  Urochordata  and  Cephalochordata

1.4- Study of larval forms in protochordates

1.5- Retrogressive metamorphosis in Urochordata

Practice-1-Museum specimen on Protochordata- Balanoglossus, Herdmania, Branchiostoma

Practice-2-Sections of Balanoglossus through proboscis and  branchio-genital regions

Assignment-1-Characteristics of all protochordates

Module- II 

Origin of Chordata:

2.1-Origin of chordates-Dipleurula concept  & Echinoderm theory

2.2- Advanced features of vertebrates over Protochordata

Agnantha:

2.3- General characteristics  and classification of cyclostomes

2.4- Classification of cyclostomes up to class

2.5-Characteristics of Petromyzon, Myxin

Practice-3-Museum specimen on Petromyzon, Myxine

Assignment-2-Study of cyclostomata with schematic Diagram

Flip class-1-About classsification

Module- III 

Pisces:

3.1- General characteristics of Chondrichthyes and  Osteichthyes

3.2- Classification up to order Migration

3.3- Osmoregulation in fishes

3.4- Parental care in fishes

Practice-4-Museum specimen on : Fishes-Scoliodon, Pristis, Torpedo, Chimaera

Practice-5-Museum specimen on Labeo, Exocoetus, Echeneis, Anguilla, Hippocampus, Tetrodon/ Diodon, Anabas

Assignment-3-a) Migration of pisces, b) Parental care in pisces

Flip class-2-Diversity of pisces

Module- IV 

Amphibia

4.1- Origin of Tetrapoda (Evolution of terrestrial ectotherms)

4.2-General characteristics  and lassification of amphibia up to order

4.4- Parental care in Amphibians & Neoteny

Practice-6-Museum specimen on-Amphibia: Ichthyophis/Ureotyphlus, Necturus

Practice-7-Bufo, Hyla, Alytes, Salamandra

Assignment-4-Origin and adaptation of tetrapoda

Flip Class-3-Parental care in amphibia

Module- V 

Reptilia 

5.1- General characteristics and Classification of Reptilia

5.2- Affinities of Sphenodon

5.3- Poison apparatus  and biting mechanismin snakes 

5.4-Adaptive charactecteristics of crocodile

Practice-8-Museum specimen on Reptilia Hemidactylus, Varanus, Uromastix, Chamaeleon, Draco

Practice-9-Draco, Vipera, Naja, Hydrophis (Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes )

Assignment-5-Adaptive charactecteristics of Reptilia

Flip Class-4-Salient features of reptilia

Module-VI

  1. Aves:

6.1- General characteristics and classification (up to order Archaeopteryx)

6.2- Principles and aerodynamics of flight

6.3- Flight adaptations

6.4- Migration in birds

Practice-10-Aves :Study of two common birds from different orders

Practice-11-Aves :Study of types  beaks and claws

Assignment-6- a)Adaptive charactecteristics of Aves, b)Principles and aerodynamics of flight

Module-VII 

Mammals

7.1-Affinities of Prototheria

7.2- Adaptive radiate: Zoogeographical realms

7.3- Theories pertaining to distribution of animals

7.4- Plate tectonic and Continental drift theory

7.5- Distribution of vertebrates in different realms

Practice-12-Mammalia Sorex, Bat (Insectivorous and Frugivorous), Funambulus, Loris, Herpestes, Erinaceous

Flip Class

Test Books:

  • Kotpal.R.L, (2007)Modern Text Book of Zoology,Rastogi Publication
  • Reference Books:
  • Young, J. Z.(2004). The Life of Vertebrates. III Edition. Oxford University press. Pough H. Vertebrate life, VIII Edition, Pearson International.
  • Darlington P.J. The Geographical Distribution of Animals, R.E. Krieger Pub Co.
  • Hall B.K. and Hallgrimsson B. (2008). Strickberger’s Evolution. IV Edition. Jones and Bartlett Publishers Inc.

Session Plan

Session 1

1.1-General characteristics  and classification of chordates 

Chordates-1

Session 2

1.2-General characteristics  of Protochordates and Hemichordates

Protochordates-1

Protochordates-2

Hemichordata-1

Hemichordata-Note

Hemichordata-slide

Session 3

Session 4 

1.4-Study of larval forms in protochordates

Protochordates-

Protochordates-ppt

Protochordates-ppt

Session 5

1.5Retrogressive metamorphosis in Urochordata

Reterogressivemeta-pdf

Retrrogressive

Retrrogressive-

Session 6

Practice-1-Museum specimen on Protochordata- Balanoglossus,Herdmania, Branchiostoma

Museum specimen - Balanoglossus

Hardmania

Session 7

Practice-2-Sections of Balanoglossus through  and  branchio-genital regions

Proboscis-Balanoglossus

Session 8

Assignment-1-Characteristics of all protochordates

Session  9

Flip Class-1-Cepalochordatas

Session 10

2.1- Origin of chordates-Dipleurula concept  & Echinoderm theory

Dipleurul concept

Dipleura concept-1

Dipleura concept-2

Ehinodermata theory-1

Echinodermata theory-2

Echinodermata theory-3

Session 11

2.2- Advanced features of vertebrates over Protochordata

Advanced characters-1

Advanced characters-2

Advanced of ochordates-ppt

Session 12

2.3- General characteristics & classification of cyclostomes

Cyclosomata-1

Cyclosomata-2

Cyclosomata-3

Session 13

2.4- Classification of cyclostomes up to class

Cyclostomata-1

Cyclostomata-2

Session 14

2.5-Characteristics of Petromyzon, Myxin

Petro-myxin-1

petro-myxin-2

petro-myxin-3

Session 15

Practice-3-Museum specimen on Petromyzon, Myxine

Museum specimen

Session 16

Assignments-2 –Study on Characteristics of Petromyzon, Myxin-PPT  presentations

Session 17

Flip Class-2- Cyclostomes

Cyclosomata

Session 18

3.1- General characteristics of Chondrichthyes  and Osteiichthyes

chondroichyes

chondro-slide

chondro-yt

osteichythes-yt

Session 19

3.2-Classification up to order Migration of pisces

Pisces-migrate-slide

Pisces-migrate-yt

Pisces-migrate-C

Session 21

3.4-Parental care in fishes

Parental care

Session 22

Practice-4-Museum specimen : Fishes-Scoliodon, Pristis, Torpedo, Chimaera

Museum specimen-1

Museum specimen-2

scoliodon

Session 23

Practice-5-Museum specimen on Labeo, Exocetus, Echeneis, Anguilla,HippocampusTetrodon/ Diodon, Anabas

Exocoetus

Hippocampus

Session 24

Assignments-3-Structural study of bony and cartilaginous fish

Session 25

4.1-Origin of Tetrapoda (Evolution of terrestrial ectotherms)

Amhibia-1

Amhibia-slides

Amhibia-slides

Amphibia-notes

Session 26

4.2-Classification up to order and General characteristics amphibia

Amhibia-class-notes

Amhibia-class

Amhibia

Amphibia-1

Amphibia-2

Session 27

Practice-6-Museum specimen on-Amphibia: Ichthyophis/Ureotyphlus, Necturus

Necturus

Icthyophis

Session 29

Practice-7-Bufo,  Alytes, Salamandra

Bufo

Hyla,

Session 30

Assignments-4-a) Parental care, b)Anatomical comparision-PPT

Session 31

Flip Class-3-Bufo,  Alytes, Salamandra

Bufo, Hyla, Amphibia-parenta-3, Neoteny

Session 32

5.1-General characteristics of Reptilia and Classification up to order Reptilia

Reptilia-notes

Cha-reptilia
Reptilia-1

Reptilia-classify-1

Reptilia-classify-2

Reptilia-classify-3

Session 33

Session 34

Session 35

Session 36

Practice-8-Museum specimen on Reptilia Hemidactylus, Varanus, Uromastix, Chamaeleon, Draco

Hemidactylus

Varanus

Session 37

Practice-9-Draco, Vipera, Naja, Hydrophis (Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes )

Draco

Naja

Session 38

Assignments-5-a) Terrestrial Adaptation-Reptilia,  b)-Flight adaptation-Aves-PPT

Session 39

6.1- General characteristics and classification (up to order Archaeopteryx)

Archaeopteryx

archaeopteryx

Session 40

6.2- Principles and aerodynamics of flight

mechanism of fligh

tflight mechanism

Session 41

6.3- Flight adaptations in birds

Flight adaptation

Session 42

6.4- Migration in birds

Migration in birds

Session 43

Practice-10-Aves :Study of two common birds from different orders

Pigeon

Pigeon-anatomy

Hen

Session 44

Practice-11-Aves :Study of types  beaks and claws

Beaks & claws

Flight & non-flight birds

Session 45

Assignments-6-a) Connecting link-Archaeopteryx -PPT b)-Flight adaptation-Aves-PPT

Session 46

7.1-Affinities of Prototheria

Affinities of prtotheria -1

Affinities of prtotheria-2

Session 47

7.2- Adaptive radiate: Zoogeographical realms

Zoogeographical realms

Zoogeographical realms

Session 48

7.3--Theories pertaining to distribution of animals

Theories pertaining to distribution of animals

Theories - distribution of animals

Session 49

7.4- Plate tectonic and Continental drift theory

Plate tecntonic-1

Plare tectonic-2

Plare tectonic-3

Session 50

7.5- Distribution of vertebrates in different realms

Distribution of realms-1

Distribution of realms-2

Session 51

Practice-12-Mammalia Sorex,Bat (Insectivorous and Frugivorous), Funambulus, Loris, Herpestes, Erinaceous

Mammalia Sorex

Bat

Session 52

Flip class-4- Comparative study of mammal with other classs

Comparative study-1

Comparative study-2

Case Studies

Case Studies

Our Main Teachers

Sunita Satapathy

Assistant Professor
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Experienced with teaching profession in the field of Biochemistry,Animal Physiology, Cell biology. Presently working as Assistant Professor in Department of Zoology,School of Applied Science,Centurion University of Technology & Management, Odisha, India. Pursuing P.hD in Vermitechnology (recycling Biodegradable Wastes ) in CUTM. Received M.Phil in Biotechnology on Activity of Enzyme and M.Sc. in BIOCHEMISTRY as Specialisation […]