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Theory
• Introduction to crop physiology and its importance in Agriculture;
• Plant cell: an Overview;
• Diffusion and osmosis;
• Absorption of water,
• transpiration and Stomatal Physiology;
• Mineral nutrition of Plants: Functions and deficiency symptoms of nutrients, nutrient uptake mechanisms;
• Photosynthesis: Light and Dark reactions, C3, C4 and CAM plants;
• Respiration: Glycolysis, TCA cycle and electron transport chain; Fat Metabolism: Fatty acid synthesis and Breakdown;
• Plant growth regulators: Physiological roles and agricultural uses,
• Physiological aspects of growth and development of major crops: Growth analysis,
• Role of Physiological growth parameters in crop productivity
Practical
• Study of Plant Cell
• Study of Structure and Distribution of Stomata
• Study of Imbibition
• Demonstration on Plasmolysis and Deplasmolysis
• Measurement of Root Pressure
• Determination of Rate of Transpiration
• Separation of Photosynthetic Pigments through Paper Chromatography
• Study of Rate of Photosynthesis
• Study of Respiration
• Measurement of Relative Water Content of Leaf
• Diagnosis of Nutrient Deficiencies for Mineral Nutrient Through Rapid Tissue Test
• Measurement of Photosynthetic CO2 Assimilation by Infra-Red Gas Analyzer (IRGA)
Reference Books
Fundamentals of Plant Physiology by V.K. Jain
Plant Physiology and Development by Eduardo Zeiger and Lincoln Taiz
Definition of Plant Physiology, Definition of Crop and Crop Physiology, Importance of crop physiology in agriculture and horticulture
Plant cell: an Overview;
Definition and Discovery,Cell Theory, Cell Number, Size and Shape, Cell Structure and Functions
Lecture-2 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Plant cell: an Overview; Cell Wall, Cell membrane, Protoplasm, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Chromosome(Vehicles of Heredity), Central Vacuole
Lecture-3 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Plant cell: an Overview; Plastids,Chloroplast (Kitchen of the cell),Mitochondria,Endplasmic Reticulum,Golgi Apparatus, Ribosomes(Protein Factory of Cell),Lysosomes(Suicidal bag of Cell),Distinguished features of Plant Cell
Lecture-4 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Chloroplast Structure and function youtube link
Mitochondria part 1 youtube link
Mitochondria part 2 youtube link
Endoplasmic Reticulum Youtube link
Golgibody introduction youtube link
Golgibody functions youtube link
Ribosome Structure Youtube link
Ribosome function youtube link
Diffusion and osmosis;Diffusion, Osmosis-Definition, Osmotic Pressure (OP), Turgor Pressure (TP) and Diffusion Pressure Deficit
Lecture-5 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology PPT
Youtube Links
Diffusion and osmosis; Exosmosis,Endosmosis,Plasmolysis and Deplasmolysis,Advantages of plasmolysis,Significance of osmosis in plant cell,Difference between Osmosis and Diffusion,Imbibition
Lecture-6 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Study of Imbibition,Study of Osmosis,Study of Plasmolysis and deplasmolysis
Practice-2 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Youtube Links
Absorption of water; Water and its importance, Soil Water,Organs involved in Water absorption,Mechanisms of Water absorption,Active absorption
Lecture-7 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Absorption of water ; Non-osmotic theories,Passive Absorption,Difference between Active and Passive absorption,Apoplastic pathway,Symplastic pathway
Lecture-8 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Measurement of Root Pressure, Measurement of Relative Water content of Leaf
Practice-3 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Youtube Link
Transpiration and Stomatal Physiology; Definition,Difference between Transpiration and Evaporation,Difference between Transpiration and Guttation,Significance of transpiration,Mechanism of Transpiration,Kinds of Transpiration,Stomata,Types of Stomata
Lecture-9 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Youtube Links
Difference Between Transpiration and Evaporation
Transpiration and Stomatal Physiology; Diffusion through stomatal pores,Mechanism of stomatal opening and closing,Plant Antitranspirants,Guttation; Mineral nutrition of Plants; Definition,Essential plant nutrients and criteria of essentiality,Classification of Nutrient:On the basis of Requirement,On the basis of functions
Lecture-10 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Mechanism of Opening and Closing of Stomata
Study of Structure and Distribution of Stomata , Study of Rate of transpiration
Mineral nutrition of Plants; Physiology of Nutrient uptake,Passive transport Mechanism-Diffusion:Simple diffusion,Facilitated Diffusion,Active transport Mechanism, Functions and Deficiency symptoms of Macro Elements- Nitrogen,PHOSPHORUS,POTASSIUM,CALCIUM,MAGNESIUM,ULPHUR
Lecture-11 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Mechanism of Nutrient Absorption
Functions and Deficiency Symptoms of Nitrogen
Functions and Deficiency symptoms of P and K
Mineral nutrition of Plants Functions and Deficiency symptoms of Micro Elements- BORON,CHLORINE,COPPER,IRON,MAGANESE,MOLYBDENUM,ZINC; Photosynthesis; Defination, Photosynthetic apparatus,Photosynthetic pigments,Distribution of photosynthetic pigments in plant kingdom,Absorption spectra of chlorophyll,Transfer of light energy absorbed by accessory pigments to chlorophyll a
Lecture-12 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Functions and Deficiency symptoms of Fe
Functions and Deficiency symptoms of B,Mo,Cu,Zn
Defination and Introduction to Photosynthesis
Photosynthetic Apparatus/Site of Photosynthesis
DIAGNOSIS OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES FOR MINERAL NUTRIENT THROUGH
RAPID TISSUE TEST
Photosynthesis Quantum requirement and quantum yield,Photo systems (Two pigment systems),Mechanism of photosynthesis- Light reaction or Primary photochemical reaction or Hill’s reaction,Absorption of light energy by chloroplast pigments,Transfer of light energy from accessory pigments to chlorophyll a,Activation of chlorophyll molecule by photon of light,Photolysis of water and O2 evolution (oxidation of water),Electron transport and production of assimilatory powers (NADPH2 and ATP),Cyclic electron transport and cyclic photophosphorylation,Non Cyclic,Comparison of cyclic and non cyclic electron transport and photophosphorylation in chloroplasts,Significance of light reaction
Lecture-13 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Youtube Links
Photo system,Quantum Reqirement, Quantum Yield
Mechanism of Photosynthesis- Light Reaction
Noncyclic Photophosphorylation
Difference between cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation
Photosynthesis; Dark reaction or Blackman’s reaction or Path of carbon in photosynthesis, Calvin cycle or C3 cycle,C4 cycle or Hatch and Slack pathway
Lecture-14 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Youtube Links
Photosynthesis; Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) cycle,Comparison of the plants of C3 and C4 cycle,PHOTORESPIRATION; Respiration; Definition, Types of respiration, Respiratory substrate, Mechanism of Respiration
Lecture-15 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Defination and introduction to Respiration
SEPARATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS THROUGH PAPER
CHROMATOGRAPHY,STUDY OF RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Practice-6 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Youtube Links
Separation of Photosynthetic Pigments through Paper Chromatography
MEASUREMENT OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC CO2 ASSIMILATION BY INFRA-RED
GAS ANALYZER (IRGA)
Respiration; GLYCOLYSIS / EMBDEN – MEYER HOF – PARANAS (EMP) PATHWAY,KREBS’ CYCLE / CITRIC ACID CYCLE /TCA CYCLE
Lecture-16 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Link
Respiration; "Terminal oxidation of the reduced coenzymes / electron transport system and oxidative
phosphorylation,Pentose phosphate pathway (ppp) / Hexose mono phosphate (hmp) shunt/
Phosphogluconate pathway / Warburg and Dicken’s pathway,Efficiency of respiration,Respiratory quotient,Energy budgeting"Fat metabolism, Difference between Respiration and Photosynthesis, Difference between Aerobic Respiration and Anaerobic Respiration
Lecture-17 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Plant Growth Regulators; Introduction, Auxins, Physiological effects of auxin, Distribution of auxin in plants,Gibberellins,Physiological effects of gibberellins,Distribution of gibberellins in plant,CYTOKININS (Kinetin),Physiological effects of cytokinins
Lecture-18 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology
Youtube Links
Plant Growth Regulators; Ethylene,Important physiological elects,Abscisic acid,Physiological effects,Growth retardants,Practical application of plant growth regulators in crop productivity;Plant Growth and Development; Plant growth,Growth regions,Phases of growth,Growth curve,Measurement of growth
Lecture-19 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Plant Growth and Development; Growth analysis,Role of Physiological growth parameters in crop productivity
Lecture-20 Fundamentals of Crop Physiology ppt
Youtube Links
Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi Campus, Odisha, India