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Module 1 (5 Hours)
Nature of light –light as electromagnetic oscillation; ideas of sinusoidal oscillations; amplitude and phase; speed of light in vacuum and other media; refractive index. Wavefronts–spherical, elliptical and plane; Curvature and vergence; rays; convergence and divergence in terms of rays and vergence; vergence at a distance. Refractive index; its dependence on wavelength.
Module 2 (6 Hours)
Fermat’s and Huygen’s Principle –Derivation of laws of reflection and refraction (Snell’s law) from these principles. Plane mirrors –height of the mirror; rotation of the mirror. Reflection by a spherical mirror –paraxial approximation; sign convention; derivation of vergence equation. Imaging by concave mirror, convex mirror. .
Module 3 (5 Hours)
Reflectivity; transmissivity; Snell’s Law, Refraction at a plane surface. Glass slab; displacement without deviation; displacement without dispersion. Thick prisms; angle of prism; deviation produced by a prism; refractive index of the prism. Prisms; angular dispersion; dispersive power; Abbe’s number.
Module 4 (4 Hours)
Definition of crown and flint glasses; materials of high refractive index. Thin prism –definition; definition of Prism diopter; deviation produced by a thin prism; it dependence on refractive index.
Module 5 (6 Hours)
Nodal Planes. Sag formula. Paraxial approximation; derivation of vergence equation. Imaging by a positive powered surface and negative powered surface. Refraction by a spherical surface; sign convention; introduction to spherical aberration using image formed by a spherical surface of a distance object
Module 6 (6 Hours)
Thin lens as a special case of thick lens; review of sign convention. Imaging by a thin convex lens; image properties (real/virtual; erect/inverted; magnified/minified) for various object positions. Imaging by a thin concave lens; image properties (real/virtual; erect/inverted; magnified/minified) for various object positions.
Module 7 (4 Hours)
Prentice’s Rule. System of two thin lenses; review of front and back vertex powers and equivalent power, review of six cardinal points. System of more than two thin lenses; calculation of equivalent power using magnification formula
TEXT BOOK:
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Nature of light –light as electromagnetic oscillation;
Ideas of sinusoidal oscillations; amplitude and phase; speed of light in vacuum and other media; refractive index.
Wavefronts–spherical, elliptical and plane; Curvature and vergence; rays;
Convergence and divergence in terms of rays and vergence; vergence at a distance.
Refractive index; its dependence on wavelength.
Fermat’s and Huygen’s Principle –Derivation of laws of reflection and refraction (Snell’s law) from these principles.
Plane mirrors –height of the mirror; rotation of the mirror
Reflectivity; transmissivity; Snell’s Law, Refraction at a plane surface. Glass slab;
Displacement without deviation; displacement without dispersion.
Thick prisms; angle of prism; deviation produced by a prism; refractive index of the prism
Prisms; angular dispersion; dispersive power
Abbe’s number
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUA7Tbh1qrQ
Practice 1 : Thick Prism – determination of prism angle and dispersive power; calculation of the refractive index
http://ov-au.vlabs.ac.in/optics/Angle_of_Prism/
http://ov-au.vlabs.ac.in/optics/Spectrometer_Dispersive_Power/
http://ov-au.vlabs.ac.in/optics/Spectrometer_Refractive_Index/
Definition of crown and flint glasses; materials of high refractive index
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FS2GtdtqUKc
Thin prism –definition; definition of Prism diopter;
Deviation produced by a thin prism; it dependence on refractive index
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zx07PShjJmk
Practice 2: Thin Prism – measurement of deviation; calculation of the prism diopter
Imaging by a positive powered surface and negative powered surface.
Refraction by a spherical surface
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bd0S4WexX3s
Spherical aberration using image formed by a spherical surface of a distance object
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJfCGSeF0JY
Practice 3: Image formation by spherical mirrors
Image properties (real/virtual; erect/inverted; magnified/minified) for various object positions
Image properties (real/virtual; erect/inverted; magnified/minified) for various object positions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1W38cSKb3tw
Practice 4: Construction of a tabletop telescope – all three types of telescopes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=goL3K_xQzbE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_v1RWyzQAng
Practice 5: Construction of a tabletop microscope
System of two thin lenses, review of front and back vertex powers and equivalent power.
System of more than two thin lenses; calculation of equivalent power using magnification formula
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rogb1mLl7EU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPomGcZ3_kk
Practice 6: Imaging by a cylindrical lens
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XS-dnPq5u_I
Practice 7: Imaging by two cylinders in contact
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNVxyIk91y4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ZjnpJDx7C4
Practice 8: Imaging by a spherocylindrical lens
I am working as Assoc. Prof in the Department of Physics. I obtained M.Sc, M.Phil and Ph.D in Physics from Andhra University. I published number of papers. My specialization is Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy and also interested in computational methods and material science.
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