Immunology and Virology

Teacher

Dr. Soumya Jal

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name : Immunology and Virology

Code(Credit): CUTM1719 (3-2-0)

Course Objectives

  • Understanding the concept of Innate & adaptive immune system; complement system; Hypersensitivity
  • Clinically relevant serological analysis for deeper understanding of antigen-antibody interaction
  • To understand the concept of cells of immune system and organs of immune system
  • To understand the properties of virus, diagnosis of important viruses and vaccination

Learning Outcomes

  • The student will learn the application of Immunology in disease diagnosis.
  • Complement system followed by the body on encountering an Antigen.
  • Immune Response produced on encounter with foreign body.
  • The students will learn the role of immunity in fighting disease, along with consequence of undesirable expression of immune system such as, hypersensitivity and auto immune disease.
  • They will gather knowledge regarding the properties, diagnosis of virus and vaccination against them.

Course Syllabus

Module – 1

Immunity: Concept of Innate and Adaptive immunity.

Immune Cells and Organs: Structure, Functions and Properties of: Immune Cells – Stem cell, T cell, B cell, NK cell, Macrophage, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil, Mast cell, Dendritic cell; and Immune Organs – Bone Marrow, Thymus, Lymph Node, Spleen, GALT, MALT, CALT

Antigens: Characteristics, Hapten, Epitopes, Adjuvants;

Antibody: Structure & its classes.

Antigen-Antibody interaction, avidity & affinity.

Serological Reactions: Principles of Precipitation, Agglutination, Immunodiffusion, Immunoelectrophoresis, ELISA, ELISPOT, Western blotting, Immunofluoresence, Immunoelectron microscopy.

Practice:

Performing Serological tests:

Widal test

VDRL test

ASO test

C-Reactive Protein test

Rheumatoid factor (RF) test

Precipitation in agarose gel

Performing Ouchterlony Double diffusion test

Demonstration of SDS-PAGE

Demonstration of ELISA

Demonstration of Western blotting

 

Module – 2

Complement System: Role of complement system in immune response, Complement components and Activation pathways.

Immune Response: Cell mediated and humoral Immunity.

Monoclonal antibodies: Production, characterization and applications.

Types of Autoimmunity and Hypersensitivity with examples; Immunodeficiencies, SCID, DiGeorge syndrome, Chediak- Higashi syndrome, Leukocyte adhesion deficiency, CGD

 

Module-3

Virus: General properties, concept of viroids, virusoids, satellite viruses and Prions.

Structure of Viruses: Capsid symmetry, enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.

Isolation, purification and cultivation of viruses.

Serological diagnosis of virus infections.

Arthropod borne and rodent borne virus diseases, Picorna viruses and diseases, Hepatitis viruses, Rabies and other neuro viruses, Orthomyxo and paramyxo viruses, Coronaviridae, Pox, Adeno, Herpes, Reo, Rota virus, HIV Viruses, Oncogenic viruses.

Vaccines: their Preparation and their immunization schedules.

Practice:

Serological diagnosis of virus borne diseases:

Hepatitis

HIV

 

Suggested Readings:

  1. Kuby's Immunology (7th Ed) - by J. Owen, J. Punt, S. Strandford. Macmillan Higher Education, England.

(e-book link: https://www.pdfdrive.com/kuby-immunology-7th-edition-2013-e44842271.html )

  1. Roitt's Essential Immunology (13th Ed)- by Seamus J. Martin, Dennis R. Burton, Ivan M. Roitt. Wiley Blackwell.

(e-book link: http://dl.mehrsys.ir/pdf-books/Roitt_s%20Essential%20Immunology%20Thirteenth%20Edition(www.myuptodate.com).pdf )

  1. Prescott, Harley, and Klein’s Microbiology (Seventh Edition)- by Joanne M. Willey, Linda M. Sherwood, Christopher J. Woolverton. McGrawHill.
  2. Microbiology An Introduction (10th Edition)- by Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case. Pearson.
  3. Text book of Microbiology (7th Edition)- by Ananthanereyan & Paniker, Publisher Universities press.

(e-book link: https://www.pdfdrive.com/textbook-of-microbiology-e177143667.html )

  1. Fundamentals of Molecular Virology (2nd Edition)- by Nicholas H. Acheson, Wiley Publishers.

(e-Book link: https://www.pdfdrive.com/fundamentals-of-molecular-virology-d157673335.html )

  1. Principles of Virology (4th Edition)- by Jane Flint, Glenn F. Rall, Vincent R. Racaniello, Anna Marie Skalka, Lynn W. Enquist. ASM Press, Washington, DC.

(e-Book link: https://www.pdfdrive.com/principles-of-virology-d158020773.html )

 

Online Tutorial links:

  1. Fundamentals of Immunology: Innate Immunity and B-Cell Function

(Coursera link: https://www.coursera.org/learn/immunologyfundamentalsimmunitybcells )

  1. Fundamentals of Immunology: T Cells and Signaling

(Coursera link: https://www.coursera.org/learn/immunologyfundamentalstcellssignaling )

  1. Fundamentals of Immunology: Death by Friendly Fire

(Coursera link: https://www.coursera.org/learn/immunology-friendlyfire )

  1. Viruses & How to Beat Them: Cells, Immunity, Vaccines

(edX link: https://www.edx.org/course/viruses-how-to-beat-them-cells-immunity-vaccines)

  1. The Immune System: New Developments in Research

(edX link: https://www.edx.org/course/the-immune-system-new-developments-in-research-par)

 

Simulation links for labs:

Amrita Vlab (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1ouqR_dIY_WPDPSZo0e8Wg).

labsforlife (http://labsforlife.in/)

Online Source: Lecturio, Udemy, Coursera, article library, NCBI, Study.com, You tube, unacademy, academia

Session Plan

Session 1

Topic: Immunity: Concept of Innate and Adaptive immunity

Video on Classification of Immune System

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08PtttY6SRg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m4QZ01wxDc4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PzunOgYHeyg

Presentation on Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Innate & Adaptive Immunity

Session 2

Topic: Structure, Functions and Properties of Stem cell

Video on Properties of Stem Cells

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2pyDBMglfM

TED Talk on future with Stem cells

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvMUM-huMaI

Presentation on properties of Stem cells

Stem cells properties

Session 3

Topic: T cell, B cell, NK cell, Macrophage, Neutrophil, Eosinophil, Basophil, Mast cell, Dendritic cell

Video on Immune Cells

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9r0xzlpNjTw

Presentation on cells of Immune system

Cells of Immune System

Session 4

Topic: Bone Marrow, Thymus, Lymph Node, Spleen, GALT, MALT, CALT

Video on Organs and Tissues of Immune System

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2qeyGPCXBmM

Presentation on Organs of Immune System

Cells of Immune System

Session 5

Topic: Antigens: Characteristic

Video on APC

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LwLYGTS_3EI

Presentation on Antigens

Antigens

Session 6

Topic: Epitope; Haptens; Adjuvants

Video on Antigenic determinants

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9-XdWO6x84

Presentation on Epitopes

Epitopes

https://spark.adobe.com/page/xhF81F2UaVYzH/

Session 7

Topic: Antibody structure

Video on Antibody structure

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_GRI3fxUWw

Presentation on Antibody structure

https://spark.adobe.com/page/NIWZhFAXAAqxt/

Session 8

Topic: Immunoglobulin classes

Video on Antibody classes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9jl9QpVz10

Presentation on Antibody classes

Antibody Structure

Session 9

Topic: Antigen-Antibody interaction, avidity & affinity

Video on Ag-Ab inetraction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oCqNUZlc0c

Presentation on Antigen- Antibody interaction

Ag- Ab interaction

Session 10

Topic: Serological Reactions

Video on Serological reactions

https://app.lecturio.com/#/lecture/s/8226/36272

Presentation on Serological reactions

Serological Reactions

Session 11

Session 12

Practice session

Topic: Performing Serological tests i.e.- VDRL (including Antigen Preparation)

Video on VDRL test

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFRk6CoupDs

Procedure to perform VDRL test

https://microbenotes.com/venereal-disease-research-laboratory-vdrl-test/

Session 13

Practice session

Topic: Performing Serological tests i.e.- ASO (Antistreptolysin ‘O’)

Video on ASO test

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahP-xBauddE

Procedure to perform ASO test

https://laboratoryinfo.com/aso/

Session 14

Practice session

Topic: Performing Serological tests i.e.- CRP Protein test

Video on CRP test

http://labsforlife.in/InstructionalVideo.aspx

Procedure to perform CRP test

https://microbiologyinfo.com/c-reactive-protein-crp-test-principle-uses-procedure-and-result-interpretation/

Session 15

Practice session

Topic: Performing Serological tests i.e.- CRP Protein test

Video on CRP test

http://labsforlife.in/InstructionalVideo.aspx

Procedure to perform CRP test

https://microbiologyinfo.com/c-reactive-protein-crp-test-principle-uses-procedure-and-result-interpretation/

Session 16

Practice session

Topic: Performing Serological tests i.e.- Rheumatoid Factor (RF)

Video on RF test

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8vwC26f74M

Procedure to perform RF test

https://laboratoryinfo.com/rheumatoid-factor-rf-test/

Session 17

Practice session

Topic: Performing Serological tests i.e.- HBsAg

Video on HBsAg test

http://labsforlife.in/InstructionalVideo.aspx

Procedure to perform HBsAg test

http://premiermedcorp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/product_documents/Infectious_Diseases/I10FRC30-1.pdf

Session 18

Topic: Principles of Precipitation

Video on Precipitation reaction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ew15yHuqzmY

Session 19

Topic: Agglutination reaction

Video on Agglutination reaction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3W67OH3v2lU

Presentation on Agglutination reaction

Agglutination reaction

Session 20

Topic: Immunodiffusion

Video on Immunodiffusion

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmK7yYr2T54

Slideshare link to Immunodiffusion

https://www.slideshare.net/suniu/immunodiffusion-principles-and-application

Session 21

Practice session

Topic: Performing Ouchterlony Double diffusion test

Video on Ouchterlony Double diffusion test

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmK7yYr2T54&t=1s

Procedure to perform Ouchterlony Double diffusion test

http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=70&sim=689&cnt=1

Session 22

Topic: Immunoelectrophoresis

Video on Immunoelectrophoresis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUGikX9ZB9U

Slideshare link to Immunoelectrophoresis

https://www.slideshare.net/SaajidaSultaana/rocket-immunoelectrophoresis

Session 23

Practice session

Topic: Precipitation in agarose gel

Video on Agarose gel preparation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vq759wKCCUQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mQGNDnOyH8

Procedure to perform Agarose gel preparation

http://premiermedcorp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/product_documents/Infectious_Diseases/I10FRC30-1.pdf

Session 24

Session 25

Session 26

Session 27

Topic: ELISPOT

Video on ELISPOT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opBf_5gsIMQ

Session 28

Topic: Western blotting

Video on Western Blotting

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgAuZ6dBOfs&t=6s

Session 29

Practice session

Topic: Demonstration of Western blotting

Video on Western Blotting

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFu8aie4QFI&t=11s

Procedure to perform Western Blotting

https://microbenotes.com/western-blotting-introduction-principle-and-applications/

Session 30

Topic: Immunofluoresence, Immunoelectron microscopy

Video on Immunofluorescence

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pteO6FRWo3g

Slideshare link to Immunoelectron microscopy

https://www.slideshare.net/meghnathiruveedi/immunoelectron-microscopy

Session 31

Topic: Role of complement system in immune response, Complements components

Video on Complement system

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPNnZE4OtCM&t=541s

Slideshare link to Complement system

https://www.slideshare.net/SantoshYadav225/complement-system-65834753

Session 32

Topic: Complement Activation pathways

Video on Complement Activation pathways

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPNnZE4OtCM&t=541s

Slideshare link to Complement Activation pathways

https://www.slideshare.net/SantoshYadav225/complement-system-65834753

Session 33

Topic: Cell mediated Immune response

Video on Cell mediated Immune response

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIA5f4ah-Jg

Slideshare link to Cell mediated Immune response

https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/cell-mediated-immunity

Session 34

Topic: Humoral Immunity

Video on Humoral Immunity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4s6IzVbyq-4

Presentation on Humoral Immunity

https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/humoral-immunity

Session 35

Topic: Monoclonal antibodies: Production, MAb characterization and applications

Video on Monoclonal Antibodies

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AXApBbj1ps

Slideshare link to Monoclonal Antibodies

https://www.slideshare.net/LAKSHMIDEEPTHIGEDELA/monoclonal-antibodies-198366965

Session 36

Topic: Autoimmunity

Video on Autoimmunity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkgtKknaBXM

TEDx Talks on RA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtqUBp5WooI

Presentation on Autoimmunity

Autoimmunity

Session 37

Topic: Types of Hypersensitivity with examples

Video on Hypersensitivity types

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQYATo46FfY&t=3s

Presentation on Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity

Session 38

Topic: DiGeorge syndrome

Video on DiGeorge syndrome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YdDs92gaWl8

Session 39

Topic: Chediak- Higashi syndrome

Video on Chediak- Higashi syndrome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZY3tXJmnoro

Session 40

Topic: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Video on Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GkmxGIQe9Yw

Session 41

Topic: Congenital disorders of Glycosylation

Video on CGD

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMBC-OoKjwM

Session 42

Topic: Virus: General properties, concept of viroids, virusoids, satellite viruses and Prions

Video on Virus: Properties

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FqlTslU22s

Slideshare link to Virus: Properties

https://www.slideshare.net/raghunathp/general-properties-of-viruses

Session 43

Topic: Structure of Viruses: Capsid symmetry, enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, Isolation, purification and cultivation of viruses

Video on Structure of Virus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNs7VSnoskw

Slideshare link to Structure of Virus

https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/virus-structure-and-replication

Session 44

Topic: Serological diagnosis of virus infections

Video on Serological diagnosis of virus infections

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5C0D3A6FGM

Slideshare link to Serological diagnosis of virus infections

https://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/diagnosis-of-viral-infections-basics

Session 45

Topic: Arthropod borne and rodent borne virus diseases

Video on Arthropod borne and rodent borne virus diseases

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e7ulJEuu-Zo

Slideshare link to Arthropod borne Viral infection

https://www.slideshare.net/doctortvrao/arthropodborne-viral-infections-by-drtvrao-md

Session 46

Topic: Picorna viruses and diseases

Video on Picorna Virus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_uDKQSELyno

Slideshare link on Picorna Virus

https://www.slideshare.net/ArunViswanathan3/picorna-virus

Session 47

Session 48

Practice session

Topic: Performing Serological test on HbSAg

Video on HbSAg

http://labsforlife.in/InstructionalVideo.aspx

Procedure to perform HbSAg test

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/nhanes_11_12/HEPBD_G_met_Hepatitis%20B%20surface%20antigen.pdf

Session 49

Topic: Rabies and other neuro viruses

Video on Rabies virus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9IKTWnREUM

Session 50

Topic: Orthomyxo and paramyxo viruses

Video on Orthomyxo viruses

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9D5uO4TFB4

Video on Paramyxo viruses

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cS66CHITd1o

Session 51

Session 52

Topic: Pox virus

Video on Pox virus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JsJFXKpzCo

Session 53

Topic: Adeno virus

Video on Adeno virus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WSxBp2NsN8


Session 54

Topic: Herpes virus

Video on Herpes virus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOUnXeqNyMs

Session 55

Topic: Reo virus, Rota Virus

Video on Reo virus, Rota Virus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PvJzBml1Y4

Session 56

Session 57

Practice session

Topic: Performing HIV test

Video on HIV test procedure

http://labsforlife.in/InstructionalVideo.aspx

Procedure to perform HIV test

https://www.fda.gov/media/86959/download

Session 58

Topic: Oncogenic viruses

Video on Oncogenis viruses

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaHw7sESL8Q

Session 59

Topic: Vaccines: their Preparation and their immunization schedules

Videos on Vaccination and its schedule

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Atrx1P2EkiQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmXsK0hON6s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J0SvutsCHrU

WHO information on Vaccination

https://www.who.int/immunization/policy/immunization_tables/en/

CDC information on Vaccination

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/child-adolescent.html


Case Studies

Case Studies

Our Main Teachers

Dr. Soumya Jal

Associate Professor
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Dr. Soumya Jal is working at Centurion University of Technology and Management since 2018, prior to which she was associated with Rama Devi Women’s University as a visiting faculty.  She has completed her Ph. D. in Medical Biotechnology from VIT University, Vellore (2016). Her research area includes fields such as, Applied and Clinical Microbiology, Molecular […]