Refrigeration and Equipment Engineering

Teacher

Biswajit Mohanty

Category

Core Courses

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Course Name : Refrigeration and Equipment Engineering

FSFE 3202(2+1) : FSFE 3202(2-1-0)

Course Objectives

In thermodynamics, coldness is an energetic imbalance. In engineering, this imbalance results from the forced exchange of heat between two places. Refrigeration engineering deals with various procedures to produce coldness in many different areas of application. The basic procedures of refrigeration engineering are thermodynamic circle procedures, the energetic efficiency of which is constantly being improved thanks to modern refrigeration engineering. Especially important are compression refrigeration systems on the one and absorption refrigeration systems on the other hand. The energy that is needed for cooling is brought up via mechanical force in compression refrigeration systems, whereas in absorption refrigeration systems this heat energy is used. Refrigeration energy is used on a daily basis in many different fields. The food industry, air conditioning, medical technology and logistics are barely imaginable without it.

Learning Outcomes

The basic procedures of refrigeration engineering are thermodynamic circle procedures, the energetic efficiency of which is constantly being improved thanks to modern refrigeration engineering. Especially important are compression refrigeration systems on the one and absorption refrigeration systems on the other hand. The energy that is needed for cooling is brought up via mechanical force in compression refrigeration systems, whereas in absorption refrigeration systems this heat energy is used. Refrigeration energy is used on a daily basis in many different fields. The food industry, air conditioning, medical technology and logistics are barely imaginable without it.

Course Syllabus

Refrigeration and Equipment Engineering 

Theory

Fundamentals: Force, work, power, energy, volume, pressure, temperature. Heat, specific heat, sensible heat, latent heat, comparison between heat and work-A path function. Thermodynamics: Laws of Thermodynamics, Laws of perfect gases, Thermodynamic processes, Application of First and Second law of Thermodynamics in refrigeration, Thermodynamics cycle, entropy, enthalpy. Refrigeration: History of refrigeration, Definition, principle, classification, Types of refrigeration systems i.e., Air refrigeration, vapour absorption refrigeration system. Vapour compression refrigeration system. Refrigeration plant: Layout of refrigeration plant, Construction. Insulating materials used for the cold storage construction, Frozen product storage capacity of cold storage, usage of Ante-room. Refrigeration systems: Vapour compression refrigeration system advantages and disadvantages as compared toother refrigeration systems, Types of Vapour compression refrigeration cycles i.e., Theoretical Vapour compression refrigeration cycle, Actual refrigeration cycle. Compressors: Definition, Types of compressor, construction, working principle advantages and disadvantages.  Evaporator: Definition, Types of Evaporator, construction, working principle advantages and disadvantages. Condenser: Definition, Types of Condenser, Cooling Towers, construction, working principle, advantages and disadvantages. Expansion valve: Definition, Types of Expansion valve, construction, working principle advantages and disadvantages. Refrigerant: Primary refrigerant, secondary refrigerant, properties, ideal refrigerant, leakage detection. Study of auxiliary equipment: Receiver, oil charging, refrigerant charging, gas purging, oil draining, types of defrosting. Ice-plant: Ice plant planning   Brine tank construction, preparation of brine ,Types of ice, Storing of ice, Equipments used in ice plants. Freezers: Definition, Design and construction of freezers i.e. Plate freezer, Blast freezer, Tunnel freezer, spray or immersion freezers, refrigerated fish rooms and fish hold. Alternative refrigeration technique arrangements used onboard the fishing vessel i.e., Refrigerated sea water (RSW), Chilled sea water (CSW). Refrigerated transport. Cooling load: Unit of refrigeration, coefficient of performance (C.O.P),Refrigeration effect, study and use of Psychometric chart. Cooling load estimation, introduction, components of cooling load, heat gain through walls, roofs, products, occupants, lighting equipments. Theory of machines: Transmission of power, friction wheels, shaft , gears, belt and Chain drive. Study of equipments used in fish processing with particular reference to canning, sausage, freeze drying and irradiation. Maintenance: Definition, Types of maintenance, general maintenance of freezing plant, cold storage and ice plant.    

Practicals

Drawing of Refrigeration and Fish processing machineries plant layout, Graphically represented symbols used in refrigeration, Handling and operation of compressors, condensers, evaporators expansion valves, low and high pressure switches. Study of auxiliary equipments: Receiver, oil charging, refrigerant charging, gas purging, oil draining, types of defrosting. Power transmission line diagram of different fish processing machineries. Visit to processing plant refrigeration plant, Visit to ice plant, Visit to fishing harbor to study the fish hold, refrigerated fish rooms. Calculation on refrigeration effect and cooling load.

 

References

1. Post-Harvest technology of fish and fish products ---- K.K. Balachandran

2. Fish Products and by-products ---- K.C.Dora & R.N.Mishra

Session Plan

Session 1

Fundamentals: Force, work, power, energy, volume, pressure, temperature. Heat, specific heat, sensible heat, latent heat, comparison between heat and work-A path function. Thermodynamics: Laws of Thermodynamics, Laws of perfect gases, Thermodynamic processes, Application of First and Second law of Thermodynamics in refrigeration, Thermodynamics cycle, entropy, enthalpy.

Session 1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBlnLTWT_4g

Practical- REFRIGERATION AND EQUIPMENT PLANT LAYOUT

P1

Session 2

Types of refrigeration systems i.e., Air refrigeration, Vapour compression refrigeration system.

Session 2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nx9dWcMcmUk

Practical- STARTING OF REFRIGERATION PLANT

P2

Session 3

Vapour absorption refrigeration system

Session 3

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xDDmlT-HK1Y

Practical- NON CONDENSIBLE GAS PURGING

P3

Session 4

Parts of refrigeration systems (Compressor), Compressors: Definition, Types of compressor, construction, working principle advantages and disadvantages.

Session 4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bmm48J2LISk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCpayFv83Tc&t=62s

Practical- OIL DRAINING SYSTEM

P4

Session 5

Parts of refrigeration systems (Evaporator), Evaporator: Definition, Types of Evaporator, construction, working principle advantages and disadvantages.

Session 5

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4GE6rTMu6c&t=2s

Practical- GAS CHARGING SYSTEM

P5

Session 6

Parts of refrigeration systems (Condenser), Condenser: Definition, Types of Condenser, Cooling Towers, construction, working principle, advantages and disadvantages

Session 6

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eFOAzgTPbtE

Practical- DEFROSTING

P6

Session 7

Parts of refrigeration systems (Expansion devices), Expansion valve: Definition, Types of Expansion valve, construction, working principle advantages and disadvantages.

Session 7

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2BPuiqBMok

Practical- FOOT REFORMER MACHINE

P7

Session 8

Refrigerants, Refrigerant: Primary refrigerant, secondary refrigerant, properties, ideal refrigerant, leakage detection

Session 8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J77a0keM2Yk

Practical- FOOT FLANGER MACHINE

P8

Session 9

Insulation, Non condensable gas, Study of auxiliary equipment: Receiver, oil charging, refrigerant charging, gas purging, oil draining, types of defrosting.

Session 9

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYx4M0_7VeM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8z1J2tVZjnY

 

Session 10

Freezers, Freezers: Definition, Design and construction of freezers i.e. Plate freezer, Blast freezer, Tunnel freezer, spray or immersion freezers, refrigerated fish rooms and fish hold. Alternative refrigeration technique arrangements used onboard the fishing vessel i.e., Refrigerated sea water (RSW), Chilled sea water (CSW). Refrigerated transport.

Session 10

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7NwxMyqUyJw

Session 11

Freezers and Type of the Freezer, Freezers: Definition, Design and construction of freezers i.e. Plate freezer, Blast freezer, Tunnel freezer, spray or immersion freezers, refrigerated fish rooms and fish hold. Alternative refrigeration technique arrangements used onboard the fishing vessel i.e., Refrigerated sea water (RSW), Chilled sea water (CSW). Refrigerated transport.

Session 11

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5eci_ck8U50

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5wQoA15OnQ

Session 12

Ice Plant, Quality of Ice, Ice-plant: Ice plant planning   Brine tank construction, preparation of brine ,Types of ice, Storing of ice, Equipments used in ice plants.

Session 12

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwHutErsUk8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPb4UENwZfg

Session 13

Type of ice, preparation of brine ,Types of ice, Storing of ice, Equipments used in ice plants.

Session 13

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FHpk5UeHB8

Session 14

Power transmission elements, Shafts, Theory of machines: Transmission of power, friction wheels, shaft , gears, belt and Chain drive.

Session 14

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ft-upKwH5-M

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UichKjLmpo8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Hjmile-cNU

 

 

Session 20

Maintenance: Definition, Types of maintenance, general maintenance of freezing plant, cold storage and ice plant.

Session 20

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=peVAaLIJJ6c

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fhoEUm8jHI

 

Session 17

Study of equipments used in fish processing with particular reference to canning, sausage, freeze drying and irradiation.

Session 17

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G8LHGY3i01Q

Session 18

Session 19

Heat load calculation problems and solutions

Session 19

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pilPMcwOLm8

Case Studies

Case Studies

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