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Sustainable Chemistry

Sustainable Chemistry

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Dr. Pratap Chhotaray

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Core Courses

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Course Name : Sustainable Chemistry

Code(Credit) : CUTM1425(3-1-0)

Course Objectives

  • To learn the fundamental philosophy and the latest developments in sustainable chemistry.
  • To understand why solvent replacements are being sought.
  • To familiarize with different green reaction alternatives of conventional reaction procedures with real world applications.
  • To understand how waste biomass can be converted to wealth.
  • To understand importance of recycling and its application in circular economy

Learning Outcomes

After completion of the syllabus, the students:
  • Will be able to understand the necessity of sustainable chemistry.
  • Could synthesize green solvents for sustainable development.
  • Can plan a synthesis with less hazardous chemicals and processes
  • should have knowledge and understanding of how value-addition could be done to waste biomass and other waste products.

Course Syllabus

Module I (4 Hrs.)

Fundamental:

Basic Concepts of Sustainable Chemistry; Sustainability assessment; Essentials of sustainable chemistry; Role of chemistry in sustainability.

 Module II (4 Hrs.)

Green Chemistry:

Principles of green chemistry; Designing safer chemicals, predict the properties and environmental aspects before synthesis; Use of catalysts, to reduce time and energy demands, minimize waste; Design for energy efficiency, least energy intensive route for synthesis.

Module III (4 Hrs.)

Green Solvents:

Atom economy, metathesis; Ionic liquids, classification, synthesis & applications; Deep eutectic solvents, classification, synthesis & applications; Supercritical fluids, preparation and various applications.

Practice 1: Ionic liquid synthesis

Practice 2: Deep eutectic solvents preparation

Practice 3: Supercritical fluids

 Module IV (5 Hrs.)

Green Synthetic Methods:

Safer Chemical Design; Green Chemistry Molecular design pyramid, Example of failed chemical design (thalidomide), Safer Chemical Design examples. Green alternative of conventional synthetic methods; Green catalysis (Phase Transfer Catalysts, Chitosan, enzymes), solvent free reactions, Microwave assisted reactions, Examples of Green Synthesis-Ibuprofen. Industrial Green Improvements of Consumer Products; Vitamin C Synthesis using enzymes (Hoffman La Roche), Zoloft -Presidential Chemistry Award Winning Innovation (Pfizer), Methyl Methacrylate syngas process (Eastman Chemicals). Real world applications of green chemistry: Award winning discoveries

Practice 4: Solvent-Free Wittig Reaction

Practice 5: Green synthesis of nanoparticles (Au/Ag/Cu) using leaf extracts

Practice 6: Green synthesis of Nylon precursor adipic acid

Module V (5 Hrs.)

Value addition to Waste Biomass:

Renewable Feed stocks; Types of biomass derived fuels & energy, biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel; Thermochemical conversion, gasification pathway, pyrolysis pathway; Biochemical Conversion, anaerobic digestion, fermentation.

Module VI (4 Hrs.)

Sustainable materials:

Application of Renewable Raw Materials in organic synthesis: Historical developments- Alizarine, Indigo and Coniine synthesis. Application of Renewable Raw Materials in synthesis: Synthesis of (±)-Usnic acid from lignin, tetracyclin antibiotics from Chitin derived L-Rednose, (−)-Bissetone and (−)-palythazine from cellulose derived glucose. Biodegradable polymers (PEF, PLA, PBS and PHA) and their applications. Synthesis of biodegradable polymers.

Module VII (4 Hrs.)

Recycling and circular economy:

Plastic recycling in circular economy. Sustainable packaging. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), Cradle to grave and Cradle to Cradle design. Circular economy: Examples and success stories.

 Text Books:

  1. New trends in Green chemistry: V. K. Ahluwalia, M. Kidwai Anamaya Publishers
  2. Introduction to Green Chemistry: Albert S. Matlack, 2nd edition, CRC Press
  3. Waste to Wealth-The circular economy advantage: Peter Lacy and Jakob Rutqvist, Ma Editions
  4. Green Solvents-Ionic Liquids: Paul T. Anastas (Series Editor), Peter Wasserscheid, Annegret Stark, Wiley-VCH
  5. Sustainable chemistry: G. Reniers and C.A Brebbia, WIT Press
  6. Valorization of biomass to value added commodities: Daramola, Michael, Ayeni, and Augustine (Eds), Springer

Session Plan

Session 1

Session 2

Session 3

Essentials of sustainable chemistry.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uS0tWzsrYDE

Session 4

Role of chemistry in sustainability.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pE3ukloNrVM

Session 6

Designing safer chemicals, predict the properties and environmental aspects before synthesis.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fgy4kzowUw

Session 7

Use of catalysts, to reduce time and energy demands, minimize waste.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6EaUwrSQTaM&list=PL4o4mT6MeLifF3IWXsW9rhABmJndSjLsA&index=9

Session 10

Ionic liquids; classification, synthesis & applications.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_XunLuNSaEM

Session 10_Ionic liquids

Session 11

Practice 1

Ionic liquid synthesis.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YzgT9k6N_bs

Session 12

Deep eutectic solvents; classification, synthesis & applications.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDRIIrRD3Z8

Session 13

Session 14

Supercritical fluids; preparation and various applications.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WY8Z-yw6YU

Session 14_Super critical fluid

Session 15

Practice 3

Supercritical fluids.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JslxPjrMzqY

Session 17

Green alternative of conventional synthetic methods 1: Green catalysis (Phase Transfer Catalysts, Chitosan, enzymes), solvent free reactions.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6EaUwrSQTaM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=np3WbS8Ya4k

https://www.slideshare.net/AfrinNirfa1/solventless-reaction

Session 18

Practice 4

Solvent-Free Wittig Reaction

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17518250903164549

Session 19

Practice 5

Green synthesis of nanoparticles (Au/Ag/Cu) using leaf extracts.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpG6OJltTiA&t=226s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkA4wvNuAZA

Session 20

Green alternative of conventional synthetic methods 2: Microwave assisted reactions , Examples of Green synthesis-Ibuprofen.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IvgCVmwJM3c

https://www.slideshare.net/rahulpandit51/microwave-assisted-organic-synthesis

Session 21

Practice 6

Green synthesis of Nylon precursor adipic acid

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O0LqwYTSir4

Session 22

Industrial Green Improvements of Consumer Products:Vitamin C Synthesis using enzymes (Hoffman La Roche), Methyl Methacrylate syngas process (Eastman Chemicals).

https://www.slideshare.net/SushantJadhav27/vitamin-c-121296262

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1cbc/d9b9b966d5eea0bb86376949f160327b0b0a.pdf?_ga=2.132091919.1470277937.1590901271-611139206.1575279792

Session 24

Session 25

Types of biomass derived fuels & energy; biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ZG2CyknGCg

Session 25_Biomass derived Biofuel

Session 26

Thermochemical conversion; gassification pathway, pyrolysis pathway.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKpzClZWt4g

Session 26_Thermochemical conversion

Session 27

Session 28

Biochemical Conversion 2: fermentation.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ziYKhp3Clm0

Session 29

Application of Renewable Raw Materials in organic synthesis: Historical developments- Alizarine, Indigo and Coniine synthesis.

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/np/c9np00040b#!divAbstract

Session 30

Application of Renewable Raw Materials in synthesis: Synthesis of (±)-Usnic acid from lignin, tetracyclin antibiotics from Chitin derived L-Rednose, (−)-Bissetone and (−)-palythazine from cellulose derived glucose.

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/np/c9np00040b#!divAbstract

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Case Studies

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    Dr. Pratap Chhotaray

    Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry
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    Dr. Pratap Kumar Chhotaray has completed his PhD. from IIT Madras in 2015. He then moved to The University of Alabama, USA followed by Louisiana State University, USA for two years’ postdoctoral research. Thereafter, he worked as a National Postdoctoral fellow at IIT Delhi for two years. Currently, he is working as an Asst. Prof. […]