FUNDAMENTALS OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY
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Dr. Goutam Kumar Dash
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Core Courses
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Course Name :FUNDAMENTALS OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY
Code(Credit) : ASBC2101:3(2-1-0)
Prepared By : Dr. Goutam Kumar Dash
Teachers: Dr. Koustava Kumar Panda, Dr. Poulami Sil, Dr. Panchashree Das
Program Outcome (PO)
PO1 : Knowledge Enhancement : Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of essential facts, concepts, principles and theories relating to Soil Science, Agronomy, Horticulture, Genetics and Plant Breeding, Plant Pathology, Entomology and other such areas of agriculture.
PO2 : Professional Enhancement : Understanding the value and processes of life-long learning and professional development.
Course Objectives:
Understand the fundamental principles and concepts of plant biochemistry, including the structure and function of biological macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, explore the various metabolic pathways and processes and kinetics of enzymatic reactions and their regulation in plants.
Course Outcome (CO)
- CO1: Students will apply the knowledge and principles of plant biochemistry to analyze and understand the biochemical processes and metabolic pathways involved in crop growth, development, metabolism and stress responses.
- CO2: Become familiar with qualitative and quantitative tests and data analysis for important biomolecules, as well as the professional operation of various equipment and reagents related to basic plant biochemical profiling.
CO & PO mapping table
| COs | Course outcomes | Mapping COs with POs |
| CO1 | Students will apply the knowledge and principles of plant biochemistry to analyze and understand the biochemical processes and metabolic pathways involved in crop growth, development, metabolism and stress responses. | PO1 |
| CO2 | Become familiar with qualitative and quantitative tests and data analysis for important biomolecules, as well as the professional operation of various equipment and reagents related to basic plant biochemical profiling. |
PO2
|
PO1 : Knowledge Enhancement
PO2 : Professional Enhancement
Course Syllabus:
Theory:
Importance of Biochemistry
Properties of Water, pH and Buffer.
Carbohydrate: Importance and classification. Structures of Monosaccharides, Reducing and oxidizing properties of Monosaccharides, Mutarotation; Structure of Disaccharides and Poly saccharides.
Lipid: Importance and classification; Structures and properties of fatty acids; storage lipids and membrane lipids.
Proteins: Importance of proteins and classification; Structures, titration and zwitterions nature of amino acids; Structural organization of proteins.
Enzymes: General properties; Classification; Mechanism of action; Michaelis & Menten and Line Weaver Burk equation & plots; Introduction to allosteric enzymes.
Nucleic acids: Importance and classification; Structure of Nucleotides, A, B & Z DNA; RNA: Types and Secondary & Tertiary structure.
Metabolism of carbohydrates: Glycolysis, TCA cycle, Glyoxylate cycle, Electron transport chain.
Metabolism of lipids: Beta oxidation, Biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Practical:
Preparation of solution, pH & buffers,
Qualitative tests of carbohydrates and amino acids.
Quantitative estimation of glucose/ proteins.
Titration methods for estimation of amino acids,
Effect of pH, temperature and substrate concentration on enzyme action,
Paper chromatography/ TLC demonstration for separation of amino acids/ Monosaccharides.
Sterilization techniques.
References:
1. Satyanarayana U,Textbook of biochemistry,2007, 3rd edition, Books and Allied (P) ltd, Kolkata.
2. Lehninger, Albert L., David L. Nelson, and Michael M. Cox. 2000. Lehninger principles of biochemistry. New York: Worth Publishers.
3. D T Plummer, An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry, 1987, 3rd edition,McGraw-Hill, USA.
4. S. Sadasivam and A. Manickam, “Biochemical Methods,” New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, Vol. 2. 1996, pp. 124-126.
Theory Session Plan
Theory Session 1
Introduction to Biochemistry and the scope of the study
See my story: Introduction to Biochemistry
https://spark.adobe.com/video/wzjDHZ8NyNMIp
Theory Session 2
Structure and properties of water (Ball and Stick, Space filling model
Theory Session 3
PH: Determination and its importance
Theory session 4
Buffer: Preparation of acidic and basic buffers and their importance
Theory Session 5
Carbohydrates: Importance, classification with examples, properties
Theory Session 6
Structure and properties of: glucose, fructose
Structure of Glucose and fructose
Theory Session 7
Two families of monosaccharides: Aldoses and Ketoses: Glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone
Theory Session 8
Theory Session 9
Reducing and oxidizing properties of monosaccharides, mutarotation
Theory Session 10
Structure and properties of: sucrose, lactose and maltose
Structure of Glucose and fructose
structure_and_properties_of_carbohydrates
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LeOUIXbFyqk
Theory Session 11
Structure and properties of: starch, cellulose, glycogen
Structure of Glucose and fructose
structure_and_properties_of_carbohydrates
Theory Session 12
Lipids: Biological importance, classification
Theory Session 13
Structure and properties of fatty acids
Theory Session 14
Storage and membrane lipids: structure and importance
storage and membrane bound lipids
Theory Session 15
Aminoacids: classification, structures of 20 commonly occurring amino acids
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vy__KvTi6I&list=PL9jo2wQj1WCNTJhgaXpsI1tzi0bemyl4j
Theory Session 16
Properties of amino acids: Zwitterion, isoelectric PH
Theory Session 17
Titration curve for amino acids
Theory Session 18
Proteins: hierarchical structures, properties and importance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vy__KvTi6I&list=PL9jo2wQj1WCNTJhgaXpsI1tzi0bemyl4j
Theory Session 19
Enzymes: General properties, classification, mechanism of enzyme action
Theory Session 20
Theory Session 22
Introduction to allosteric enzymes
Theory Session 23
Nucleic acids: structure of base, sugar, phosphate
structure of DNA and RNA and functions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Wc4jTH2v_w&list=PL9jo2wQj1WCNG9mFuNBmJ1m7x1skBNKw-
Theory Session 24
Structure of RNA, types of RNA, importance of both DNA and RNA
Theory Session 25
Secondary and tertiary structure of RNA
Theory Session 26
Forms of DNA: A, B, C & Z forms
Theory Session 27
Metabolism of carbohydrates: glycolysis,
Theory Session 28
Theory Session 29
Theory Session 30
Theory Session 31
Metabolism of lipids: β- oxidation of fatty acids
β- oxidation of fatty acids material
BIOCHEM-BETA-OXIDATION-NOTES-1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tf9jN4zw9EY&list=PLRpz4J5dUMCf0Jk8oojz__5TuaXtPNLmX
Theory Session 32
Biosynthesis of fatty acids
Practical Session Plan
Practical Session 1
Practical Session 2
Preparation of solutions of different strengths
Preparation of solutions of different strengths
preparing-diluting-of-solutions-of-different-strengths-safety-measures-while-handling-them
Practical Session 3
Preparation of Acetic acid- Sodium acetate buffer
Practical Session 4
Preparation of phosphate buffers
Practical Session 5
Sterilization techniques: Moist heat, dry heat, flame, chemically mediated, UV mediated, filter sterilization
Practical Session 6
Paper chromatography as a technique for the separation of plant pigments
Paper chromatography as a technique for the separation of plant pigments
Practical Session 7
Estimation of proteins using Lowry’s method and Biuret reagent
Practical Session 8
Practical Session 9
Qualitative tests for carbohydrates: Molisch's test
Practical Session 10
Qualitative tests for carbohydrates: Fehling's test
Practical Session 11
Qualitative tests for carbohydrates: Benedict's & Barfoed's Mucic test
Practical Session 12
Qualitative tests for carbohydrates: Seliwanoff's and Bial's test
Practical Session 13
Qualitative tests for carbohydrates: Test for Non reducing sugar (Mucic acid test & Osazone test)
Practical Session 14
Enzyme kinetics: study of competitive inhibition
Practical Session 15
Study of the effect of PH on enzyme activity
Practice Session 16
Study of the effect of PH, temperature and substrate concentration on enzyme activity
e Materials
Question Bank
Assignments
- DNA structure and forms of DNA
- Structure of 20 amino acids
- Secondary and tertiary structure of RNA
- Michaelis- Menten equation, Lineweaver- Burk plots
- Glycolysis & TCA cycle and their significance
- Electron transport chain of mitochondria
- Carbohydrate structure and classification
- Structure and properties of fatty acids
- Properties of amino acids: Zwitterion, isoelectric PH, titration curve for amino acids
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