Course Objectives

•To comprehend basic concepts of the hydrologic cycle.
•To analyse precipitation data in detail, including assessment and instruments of precipitation data.
•To understand the concept of hydrograph and unit hydrograph.
•To understand methods to calculate runoff using empirical formulae and concept of flood routing.

Course Outcomes

CO1: Understand important hydrological processes and their variability in space and time at the watershed scale. PO1
CO2: Apply mathematical and statistical tools to analyze and interpret hydrological data, including the calculation of water balance components, hydrographs, and frequency analysis. PO2
CO3: Apply problem solving skill to design any hydrologic stucture capacity to address watershed management issues. PO3, PO7

PO1: Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.

PO2: Problem analysis: Identity, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.

PO3: Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.

PO7: Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.

Course Syllabus

Module-I(1.5 hr)
• Introduction and Hydrologic cycle
• Precipitation and its forms along with rainfall measurement.
Practice(2 hr):
• Visit to meteorological observatory and study of different instruments.

Module-II(2.5 hr)
• Frequency analysis of point rainfall. Mass curve, hyetograph, depth-area-duration curves and intensity-duration-frequency relationship.
• Abstractions of Precipitation, Infiltration -factors, measurement and indices. Evaporation - Estimation and measurement.
Practice(4 hr):
• Design of rain gauge network and exercise on IDF curves.
• Analysis of rainfall data and estimation of mean rainfall by different methods.
• Exercise on frequency analysis of hydrologic data and estimation of missing data and test for consistency of rainfall records.
Module-III(3 hr)
• Runoff - Factors , measurement, stage - discharge rating curve, estimation of peak runoff rate and volume and SCS curve number method.
• Geomorphology of watersheds.
Practice(3.5 hr):
• Exercise on computation of infiltration indices.
• Computation of peak runoff and runoff volume by Cook’s method and rational formula.
• Computation of runoff volume by SCS curve number method.
Module-IV(3 hr)
• Hydrograph - Components, base flow separation.
• Unit hydrograph theory, S-curve, synthetic hydrograph, applications and limitations.
• Flood routing – channel and reservoir routing.
• Flood and Drought-Classification and management strategy.
Practice(3 hr):
• Study of stream gauging instruments - current meter and stage level recorder.
• Exercise on geomorphic parameters of watersheds and runoff hydrograph.
• Exercise on unit hydrograph.

Session Plan

Session 1

Introduction and Hydrologic cycle
PDF: Hydrologic cycle
Hydrological cycle(Link)
The Water Cycle(Link)

Session 2

Precipitation and its forms along with rainfall measurement.
PDF: Precipitation and its measurement
Precipitation types watch from 45sec(Link)
Practice-
Visit to meteorological observatory and study of different instruments
Meterologican Observatory at CCRI(Link)

Session 3

Frequency analysis of point rainfall. Mass curve, hyetograph, depth-area-duration curves and intensity-duration-frequency relationship.
PDF: Frequency analysis

Practice-
Design of rain gauge network
Optimal number of rain gauges(Link)

Session 4

Abstractions of Precipitation, Infiltration -factors, measurement and indices. Evaporation - Estimation and measurement.

PDF: Abstractions from precipitation
Practice-
Exercise on computation of infiltration indices.
Infiltration Index(Link)

Session 5

Runoff - Factors , measurement, stage - discharge rating curve, estimation of peak runoff rate and volume

PDF: Runoff
Practice-
Computation of peak runoff and runoff volume by Cook’s method and rational formula
Time of concentration and rational method(Link)
Study of stream gauging instruments - current meter and stage level recorder.
Current meter(Link)

Session 6

Geomorphology of Watershed
PDF: Geomorphology

Practice-
• Exercise on geomorphic parameters of watersheds and runoff hydrograph.

Session 7

Hydrograph - Components, base flow separation.

PDF: Hydrograph
Base flow separation(Link)

Session 8

Unit hydrograph theory, S-curve, synthetic hydrograph, applications and limitations.

PDF: Unit hydrograph
Practice-
Exercise on unit hydrograph
Unit hydrograph exercise(Link)

Session 9

Flood routing – channel and reservoir routing.

PDF: Flood routing
Flood routing(Link)

Session 10

Flood and Drought-Classification and management strategy.

PDF: Flood and drought management

Case Studies

Case Studies