Forensic Ballistics CUTM 2317

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Wishard la Vincent Barreto

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Subject Name: Forensic Ballistics

Course code: CUTM 2317(3-2-0)

 

COURSE OBJECTIVES

  • To impart the knowledge of firearms and projectile
  • To understand the basics of firearm mechanism

COURSE OUTCOMES

  • To understand about the knowledge of different firearms, ammunitions, and projectile.
  • To analyse and detect gunshot residue, gunshot powder, class and
    individual characteristics of firearms and ammunitions.
  • Identify the range of fire using modern methods and also different wounds caused by firearms.

Course Objective:

It helps to identify class and individual characteristics of firearm and ammunition. Enhance the skill and knowledge of investigating officer.

 

 

CO CO and PO mapping
CO-1 Know about classification of firearms and their firing mechanisms.

PO1

CO-2 Understand importance of firearm evidence

PO5

CO-3 Know about methods of identifying firearms.

PO11

CO-4 Know about methods for characterization of gunshot residue.

PO 12

 

 

Unit I: Firearms

History and development of firearms. Classification of firearms. Weapon types and their operation. Firing mechanisms of different firearms.

Unit II: Internal ballistics

Definition, ignition of propellants, shape and size of propellants, manner of burning, and various factors affecting the internal ballistics: lock time, ignition time, barrel time, erosion, corrosion and gas cutting.

Unit III: External Ballistics

Vacuum trajectory, effect of air resistance on trajectory, base drag, drop, drift, yaw, shape of projectile and stability, trajectory computation, ballistics coefficient and limiting velocity, Measurements of trajectory parameters, introduction to automated system of trajectory computation and automated management of ballistic data.

Unit IV: Terminal Ballistics

Effect of projectile on hitting the target: function of bullet shape, striking velocity, striking angle and nature of target, tumbling of bullets, effect of instability of bullet, effect of intermediate targets, influence of range. Ricochet and its effects, stopping power.

Unit V: Ammunition

Types of ammunition. Constructional features and characteristics of different types of cartridges and bullets. Primers and priming compounds. Projectiles. Headstamp markings on ammunitions. Different types of marks produced during firing process on cartridge – firing pin marks, breech face marks,
chamber marks, extractor and ejector marks.

Unit VI: Examination of Firearm Evidence

Matching of bullets and cartridge cases in regular firearms. Identification of bullets, pellets and wads fired from improvised, country made firearms. Automated method of bullet and cartridge case comparison. Determination of range of fire and time of fire. Mechanisms of formation of gunshot residues. Methods of analysis of gunshot residues from shooting hands and targets, with special reference to clothing.

Unit VII: Firearms Injuries

Identification and nature of firearms injuries. Reconstruction with respect to accident, suicide, murder and self-defense.

 

Practical’s:
1. To describe, with the aid of diagrams, the firing mechanisms of Pistol.
2. To describe, with the aid of diagrams, the firing mechanisms of Revolver.
3. To describe, with the aid of diagrams, the firing mechanisms of Air Gun.
4. To describe, with the aid of diagrams, the firing mechanisms of AK-47 Rifle.
5. To describe, with the aid of diagrams, the assembling and
disassembling of different types of firearms.
6. To describe, with the aid of diagrams, the internal structure of different types of bullets.
7. To describe, with the aid of diagrams, the difference between Pin fire, Rimfire and Centrefire ammunition.
8. To carry out the comparison of fired bullets.
9. To carry out the comparison of fired cartridge cases.
10.To differentiate, with the aid of diagrams, contact wounds, close range
wound and distant wounds.

 

Suggested Readings
1. B.J. Heard, Handbook of Firearms and Ballistics, Wiley and Sons, Chichester (1997).

2. W.F. Rowe, Firearms identification, Forensic Science Handbook, Vol. 2, R. Saferstein (Ed.), Prentice Hall, New Jersey (1988).

3. A.J. Schwoeble and D.L. Exline, Current Methods in Forensic Gunshot Residue Analysis, CRC Press, Boca Raton (2000).

4. E. Elaad in Encyclopedia of Forensic Science, Volume 2, J.A. Siegel, P.J. Saukko and G.C. Knupfer (Eds.), Academic Press, London (2000).

Session 1

History and development of firearms.

History

Session 2

Classification of firearms.

Classification of firearms

Session 3

Weapon types and their operation.

Weapon Types and Their Operation - Ballistics - Bev Fitchett's Guns

session 4

Firing mechanisms of different firearms.

e-text.pdf

session 5

Definition, ignition of propellants, shape and size of propellants,

internal ballistics.pdf

session 6

manner of burning, and various factors affecting the internal ballistics: lock time, ignition time, barrel time, erosion, corrosion and gas cutting.

Interna ballistics Manner of burning of propallent.pdf

Session 7

Vacuum trajectory, effect of air resistance on trajectory

External Ballistics .pdf

Session 8

base drag, drop, drift, yaw, shape of projectile and stability, trajectory computation

External Ballistics

Session 9

ballistics coefficient and limiting velocity, Measurements of trajectory parameters

External ballistic  video

Session 10

Introduction to automated system of trajectory computation and automated management of ballistic data.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vuPB7JmTJM

Session 11

Effect of projectile on hitting the target - function of bullet shape, striking velocity, striking angle and nature of target

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KQdrEqzoFE0

Session 13

Tumbling of bullets, effect of instability of bullet, effect of intermediate targets, influence of range.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KQdrEqzoFE0

Session 14

Types of ammunition. Constructional features and characteristics of different types of cartridges and bullets.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yu8d-Ct53wc

Session 15

Primers and priming compounds

Handbook of Firearms and Ballistics

Session 16

Projectiles and headstamp markings on ammunitions

Handbook of Firearms and Ballistics

Session 17

Different types of marks produced during firing process on cartridge – firing pin marks, breech face marks, chamber marks, extractor and ejector marks.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L052y6yZ-MA

Session 19

Methods of analysis of gunshot residues from shooting hands and targets, with special reference to clothing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JjiT4zrQnzw

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