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Course Name : INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS

Code(Credit): BPHT4101(4-0-0)

Course Objectives

To deals with the application of instrumental methods in qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs.
To impart fundamental knowledge of the principles and instrumentation of spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques.
To emphasizes theoretical and practical knowledge of modern analytical instruments that are used for drug testing.

Course Outcome

CO	Statement	Mapping with POs
CO-1	Understand the interaction of matter with electromagnetic radiations and its applications in drug analysis	PO1, PO2, PO8
CO-2	Understand the chromatographic separation and analysis of drugs.	PO1, PO6, PO9
CO-3	Perform quantitative & qualitative analysis of drugs using various analytical instruments.	PO1, PO2, PO8
CO-4	Able to separate and analyses drugs by chromatography Radioimmunoassay and Electrophoresis	PO1, PO3, PO6, PO8
CO-5	student interpretation skills will be improve by the course content in terms of choice of analytical techniques to perform the estimation of different category drugs.	PO1, PO2, PO6

Course Syllabus

UNIT –I
UV Visible spectroscopy
Electronic transitions, chromophores, auxochromes, spectral shifts, solvent effect on
absorption spectra, Beer and Lambert’s law, Derivation and deviations.
Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, sample cells, detectors-Photo
tube, Photomultiplier tube, Photo voltaic cell, Silicon Photodiode.
Applications - Spectrophotometric titrations, Single component and multi component
analysis
Fluorimetry
Theory, Concepts of singlet, doublet and triplet electronic states, internal and external
conversions, factors affecting fluorescence, quenching, instrumentation and applications
UNIT –II
IR spectroscopy
Introduction, fundamental modes of vibrations in poly atomic molecules, sample handling,
factors affecting vibrations
Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, detectors - Golay cell,
Bolometer, Thermocouple, Thermister, Pyroelectric detector and applications
Flame Photometry-Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications
Atomic absorption spectroscopy- Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications
Nepheloturbidometry- Principle, instrumentation and applications

UNIT –III
Introduction to chromatography
Adsorption and partition column chromatography- Methodology, advantages,
disadvantages and applications.
Thin layer chromatography- Introduction, Principle, Methodology, Rf values,
advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Paper chromatography-Introduction, methodology, development techniques, advantages,
disadvantages and applications
Electrophoresis– Introduction, factors affecting electrophoretic mobility, Techniques of
paper, gel, capillary electrophoresis, applications
UNIT –IV
Gas chromatography - Introduction, theory, instrumentation, derivatization, temperature
programming, advantages, disadvantages and applications
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-Introduction, theory, instrumentation,
advantages and applications.
UNIT –V
Ion exchange chromatography- Introduction, classification, ion exchange resins,
properties, mechanism of ion exchange process, factors affecting ion exchange,

methodology and applications
Gel chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications
Affinity chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications

Session Plan

Session 1

UV Visible spectroscopy

Electronic transitions, chromophores, auxochromes, spectral shifts

Pdf: ELECTRON TRANSITIONS,AUXOCHROMES

VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dX_AJXPItAQ&t=92s

Session 2

UV Visible spectroscopy

solvent effect on absorption spectra,

Beer and Lambert’s law, Derivation and deviations

PDF: Solvent effect on absorption spectra B&L LAW

Session 3

UV Visible spectroscopy

Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, sample cells, detectors- Photo tube, Photomultiplier tube, Photovoltaic cell, Silicon Photodiode.photodetectors INSTRUMENTATION OF UV

Session 4

UV Visible spectroscopy

Applications - Spectrophotometric titrations,

Single-component, and multi-component analysis

PDF: applicationofu-v-spectroscopy-120416145659-phpapp02

Session 5

FLUORIMETRY
Introduction and Theory

PDF:apaseminarppt-150224044240-conversion-gate01

Session 6

Fluorimetry

Concepts of singlet, doublet and triplet electronic states

PDF:14.7_ Fluorescence SINGLET DOUBLET TRIPLET STATE

Session 7

Fluorimetry

Internal and external conversions,

Factors affecting fluorescence

PDF: fifactors-150223045100-conversion-gate02

Session 8

Fluorimetry

Quenching

Instrumentation of Fluorimetry

PDF: presentationfinal-161009160828

flourimetry-140618015916-phpapp01

Session 9

Fluorimetry

Applications of Fluorimetry

PDF: APPLICATIONS OF FLUORIMETRY

Session 10

IR spectroscopy
Introduction,

Fundamental modes of vibrations in polyatomic molecules

IR introduction

Session 11

IR spectroscopy
Sample handling in IR spectroscopy,

Factors affecting vibrations

Sample Handling

Session 12

IR spectroscopy

Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors,

PDF:INSTRUMENTATION OF IR spectroscopy

Session 13

IR spectroscopy

Detectors - Golay cell, Bolometer

PDF:BOLOMETER GOLAY CELL

Session 14

IR spectroscopy

Detectors

Thermocouple, Thermister, Pyroelectric detector

PDF:Thermocouple, Thermister, Pyroelectric detector

Session 15

IR spectroscopy

Applications of IR spectroscopy

PDF APPLICATIONS OF IR SPECTROSCOPY

Session 16

Flame Photometry-

Principle, Interferences

PDF: FLAME PHOTOMETRY

Session 17

Flame Photometry-

Instrumentation of Flame Photometry

Applications of Flame Photometry

PDF:APPLICATIONS OF FLAME PHOTOMETRY

Session 18

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Principle, interferences

PDF:Atomic absorption spectrometry

Session 19

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Instrumentation of Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Applications of Atomic absorption spectroscopy

PDF:Instrumentation of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Applications of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Session 20

Nepheloturbidometry

Principle, instrumentation and applications

PDF:Nepheloturbidometry

Session 21

Introduction to chromatography

PDF:Chromatography

Session 22

Adsorption and partition column chromatography-

Methodology

PDF:Adsorption Chromatography METHODOLOGY

Partition Chromatography METHODOLOGY

Session 23

Adsorption and partition column chromatography-

Advantages, disadvantages and applications

PDF:Partition Chromatography Applications

Session 24

Thin-layer chromatography-

Introduction, Principle, Methodology (Procedure involved)

Thin-layer-chromatography (TLC) (1)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMGQavOMAmc

Session 25

Thin-layer chromatography-

Rf values, advantages, disadvantages and applications

PDF: Thin Layer Chromatography Applications

Session 26

Paper chromatography-

Introduction, methodology

Introduction

Paper Chromatography- New

Session 27

Paper chromatography-

Development techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and applications

Development techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of Paper chromatography

Session 28

Electrophoresis

Introduction

Electrophoresis Introduction

Session 29

Electrophoresis

Factors affecting electrophoretic mobility

Techniques of paper Electrophoresis

Factors affecting electrophoretic mobility & Techniques of paper Electrophoresis

Session 30

Electrophoresis

Techniques of gel electrophoresis,

Techniques of capillary electrophoresis

Applications of electrophoresis

Techniques of gel electrophoresis, Techniques of capillary electrophoresis & Applications of electrophoresis

Session 31

Gas chromatography

Introduction, theory

Gas chromatography Introduction, theory

Session 32

Gas chromatography

instrumentation, derivatization, temperature programming

Gas Chromatography Instrumentation, derivatization, temperature programming

Session 33

Gas chromatography

Advantages, disadvantages and applications

Gas chromatography Advantages, disadvantages and applications