Limnology: Study of Inland Water bodies
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Limnology
Teacher
Ms. Prachi Siddharth Bagde
Category
Core Courses
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Course Name : Limnology
Code(Credit) : FSEM 1203(2-1-0)
Course Objectives
- To study about the Inland Water bodies
- To know about history and development of Limnology
- To Know Distribution and dynamics of freshwater bodies
- To know Classification and general characteristics of lotic and lentic water bodies.
Course Outcomes
| CO no. | Course outcome | PO addressed |
| CO-1 | Students get knowledge of relevance in limnology to analyse and evaluate abiotic and biotic conditions in aquatic systems | PO 1
PO 2 PO 5 |
| CO-2 | Understand about the Inland Water bodies | PO 1
PO 2 PO 5
|
| CO-3 | Understand the distribution and dynamics of plankton and benthos of freshwater bodies | PO 1
PO 2 PO 5
|
| CO-4 | General knowledge about classification and general characteristics of lotic and lentic water bodies. | PO 1
PO 2 PO5
|
Program Outcomes
PO1 Knowledge enhancement: Enhanced knowledge on concepts, essential facts, basics, principles and theories relating to fishery biology, biodiversity and aquatic environment, aquaculture, fish nutrition, fish physiology, genetics and biotechnology, fish processing, fisheries engineering, fish microbiology, fishery extension, economics, and biostatistics.
PO2 Professional and Entrepreneurial Skill development: Understanding the value and processes of life-long learning and professional enhancement and entrepreneurship development.
PO5 Environment and Sustainability: Understand the issues of environmental contexts and sustainable development.
Course Syllabus
- Theory
- Unit 1: Introduction to limnology: inland water types, their characteristics and distribution; ponds and lakes; streams and rivers; dynamics of lentic and lotic environments.
- Unit 2: Lakes - their origin and diversity. Famous lakes of the world and India; nature of lake environment; morphometry, physical and chemical conditions and related phenomena; biological relations: influence of physical and chemical conditions on living organisms in inland waters.
- Unit 3: Plankton: planktonic organisms; classification of plankton; distribution of plankton: geographic, vertical, horizontal and seasonal distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton; seasonal changes of body form in planktonic organisms; food of planktonic organisms; primary productivity
- Unit 4: Aquatic plants: characterstics, classification, zonation, seasonal variations, quantity produced chemical composition distribution in different waters, limnological role.
- Unit 5: Nekton: composition, distribution, movements.
- Unit 6: Benthos: classification; periphyton; zonation; distribution; movements and migration; seasonal changes in benthos, profundal bottom fauna.
- Unit 7: Biological productivity: circulation of food material; classification of lakes based on productivity; laws of minimum; biotic potential and environmental resistance; quantitative relationships in a standing crop; trophic dynamics; successional phenomena; indices of productivity of lakes; artificial enrichment.
- Unit 8: Lotic environments: running waters in general; physical conditions; classification of lotic environments, biological conditions; productivity of lotic environments. influence of currents; plant growth; plankton; nekton; benthos; temporary and head waters streams; ecological succession.
- Practical
- Morphometry of lakes, ponds and streams. Determination of physical characteristics of lentic water bodies. Determination of chemical characteristics of lentic water bodies. Determination of physical characteristics of lotic water bodies. Determination of chemical characteristics of lotic water bodies. Collection and identification of fresh water phytoplankton. Enumeration and biomass estimation of freshwater phytoplankton. Estimation of primary productivity in fresh water bodies. Collection and identification of fresh water zooplankton. Enumeration and biomass estimation of fresh water zooplankton. Collection and identification of benthos from lakes and ponds, streams and canals. Collection and identification of nekton/aquatic insects from freshwater bodies. Collection and identification of aquatic plants from different fresh water bodies. Field visit to lotic and lentic water bodies.
- Reference Book
- Meteorology -- R.Ghadekar
- Physical geography ---- Indra Singh
- Meteorology ----DrJaman Joseph (CIFNET)
- Tropical meteorology ----H.Rahil
- Physical geography (Oceanography) --- Bharadwaj
Session Plan
Session 1
Introduction to limnology: inland water types, their characteristics and distribution; ponds and lakes; streams and rivers; dynamics of lentic and lotic environments.
Session 2
Session 3
Introduction to limnology: Dynamics of lentic and lotic environments.
Session 4
Session 5
Session 6
Famous lakes of the world, Largest by continent, Other Notable lakes of the world
Session 7
Session 8
Distribution of plankton: geographic, vertical, horizontal and seasonal distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton
Session 9
Nekton: composition
Click here for notes
Session 10
Nekton: Distribution and movements
Click here for notes
Session 11
Benthos: classification; periphyton; zonation; distribution; movements and migration
Session 12
Benthos: Seasonal changes in benthos, profundal bottom fauna.
Session 13
Aquatic plants
Characteristics, classification, zonation, seasonal relations, quantity produces
Session 14
Aquatic plants
Chemical composition, distribution in different waters and its limnological role
Session 15
- Primary productivity
- Definition, photosynthesis, respiration, gross primary productivity, net primary productivity
Session 16
- Primary productivity
- Methods of estimation of primary productivity
Session 17
- Primary productivity
- Factors affecting Primary Productivity
Session 18
Ecology of streams, rivers,
Streams-Introduction, Physical and Chemical conditions
River- topography, ecology, flooding
Session 19
Reservoirs-Introduction, topography, physical and chemical conditions
Tanks- introduction, topography, physical and chemical conditions.
Session 20
Biological productivity: circulation of food material; classification of lakes based on productivity
Session 21
Physical characteristics of Lakes
Pressure, Compressibility, Density, Mobility(viscosity),
Click here for notes
Session 22
Physical characteristics of Lakes
Surface film, Colour, Turbidity- Effects of materials in suspension
Click here for notes
Session 23
Chemical characteristics of Lakes
- Dissolved Solids and inorganic matter: Solubility of solids in water, Major ions in
freshwaters - Click here for notes
Session 24
- Chemical characteristics of inland waters
- Dissolved inorganic solids- Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon etc.
Session 25
- Chemical characteristics of inland waters
- Other Elements:- Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Iron and Manganese, Chloride, Dissolved Organic Matter
Session 26
Biological relations
Influence of physical and chemical conditions on living organisms in inland waters
Productive volume, flotation phenomena and body form adjustments
Relations of organisms to movement of water, surface film relations
Relations of organisms to Temperature relations, Light relations
Session 27
Biological relations
Relations of Dissolved Oxygen, Relations of Carbon dioxide
Session 28
Biological relations
Nitrogen, Ammonia, Dissolved solids, Other elements, Dissolved organic matter
Session 29
Session 30
Biological conditions, productivity features of lotic environments, Influence of currents, Plant growths
Session 31
Nekton, benthos, Temporary and head water streams, general ecological succession
Session 32
Revision and doubt clearing session
Practical
Session 1: Morphometry of lakes, ponds and streams
Session 2: Determination of physical characteristics of lotic waters
Session 3: Determination of physical characteristics of lentic waters
Session 4: Determination of chemical characteristics of lotic waters
Session 5: Determination of chemical characteristics of lentic waters
Session 6: Collection and identification of Freshwater Plankton
Session 7: Collection and identification of Freshwater zooplankton
Session 8: Enumeration and biomass estimation of freshwater plankton
Session 9: Estimation of Primary Productivity in freshwater bodies
Session 10: Collection and identification of benthos from inland water bodies
Session 11: Enumeration and biomass estimation of benthos from different freshwater bodies
Session 12: Enumeration and biomass estimation of benthos from different freshwater bodies
Session 13: Collection and identification of aquatic plants from different freshwater bodies -Floating macrophytes
Session 14:Collection and identification of aquatic plants from different freshwater bodies- Marginal macrophytes
Session 15: Collection and identification of aquatic plants from different freshwater bodies- Submerged macrophytes
Session 16: Collection and identification of aquatic plants from different freshwater bodies- Emergent macrophytes
Model Question Paper
Assignment Topics
- Thermal Classification of lakes
- Famous lakes of World
- Types of plankton
- Food for Plankton Organism
- Physical and chemical characteristics of Lotic Water
- Physical and chemical characteristics of Lentic Water
Our Main Teachers
Ms. Prachi Siddharth Bagde graduated from Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University and received B.F.Sc degree in 2020. She was awarded ICAR-NTS (PG-2020) Fellowship for postgraduate program. She has completed her M.F.sc in the Department of Aquatic Environment Management in 2022.
Mr. Chandan Haldar is working as Assistant Professor in the School of Fisheries, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi Campus, Odisha. He has completed his M.F.Sc from ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra India and his Ph. D. thesis topic is “Identification of Growth Associated SNPs in Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1822) […]