Principles and Practices of Water Management

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Dr. Tanmoy Shankar

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Course Name :

Principles and Practices of Water Management

 

Code : AGRO 0504 (2+1+0)

Course Objectives

To Know the principles of water management and practices to enhance the water productivity

Basic  skill on water management for optimization of crop yield.

Co Po Mapping

COs Course outcomes Mapping COs with POs
CO1 To gain knowledge of irrigation water management to maximizing crop yield and quality by developing irrigation for the crops PSO1
CO2 Students will understand skill of water management techniques in climate and crop relationships. PSO2
CO3 Also impart the knowledge on Water requirements of crops, soil-plant- relationship, Irrigation requirements, duty and delta, Irrigation efficiencies, methods of irrigation, Quality of irrigation water PSO2, PSO4

PSO-Program specific outcomes

PSO1 : Impart knowledge and understanding of fundamental concepts and techniques of maintaining and enhancing soil fertility, crop production, crop management, crop improvement, biodiversity and sustainability of agriculture worldwide.

PSO2 : Develop the ability to know farming practices and their scope to improve in the rural areas and the environments.

PSO3 : Apply knowledge of basic science through Agricultural microbiology, Plant biochemistry and Biotechnology.

PSO4 : Apply knowledge of Agri-business management and finance to develop profitable agricultural system.

Course Syllabus

Theory

UNIT I

Water and its role in plants; Irrigation: Definition and objectives, water resources and irrigation development in of India and concerned state, major irrigation projects, extent of area and crops irrigated in India and in different states.

 UNIT II

Field water cycle, water movement in soil and plants; transpiration; soil-water- plant relationships; water absorption by plants; plant response to water stress, crop plant adaptation to moisture stress condition. Water availability and its relationship with nutrient availability and loses.

UNIT III

Soil, plant and meteorological factors determining water needs of crops, scheduling, depth and methods of irrigation; micro irrigation systems; deficit irrigation;    fertigation; management of water in controlled environments and polyhouses. Irrigation efficiency and water use efficiency.

UNIT IV

Water management of crop and cropping system, Quality of irrigation water and management of saline water for irrigation, water use efficiency, Crop water requirement- estimation of ET and effective rainfall; Water management of the major crops and cropping systems. Automated irrigation system.

UNIT V

Excess of soil water and plant growth; water management in problem soils, drainage requirement of crops and methods of field drainage, their layout and spacing; rain water management and its utilization for crop production.

UNIT VI

Quality of irrigation water and management of saline water for irrigation, water management in problem soils

UNIT VII

Soil moisture conservation, water harvesting, rain water management and its utilization for crop production.

UNIT VIII

Hydroponics

UNIT IX

Water management of crops under climate change scenario.

Practical

  1. Determination of Field capacity by field method
  2. Determination of infiltration rate by double ring
    infiltrometer
  3. Determination of Permanent Wilting Point by
    sunflower pot culture technique
  4. Determination of Field capacity and Permanent
    Wilting Point by Pressure Plate Apparatus and
    Hygroscopic Coefficient
  5. Determination of maximum water holding capacity
    of soil
  6. Measurement of matric potential using gauge and
    mercury type tensiometer
  7. Determination of soil-moisture characteristics curves
  8. Determination of saturated hydraulic conductivity by constant and falling head method
  9. Determination of hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil below the water table by auger hole method
  10. Determination of effective rainfall (calculations)
  11. Determination of irrigation requirement of crops
    (calculations)
  12. Determination of ET of crops by soil moisture
    depletion method and Determination of water
    requirements of crops (calculations)
  13. Measurement of irrigation water by volume and
    velocity-area method and measurement
  14. Calculation of irrigation efficiency

References
Hillel, D. 1998. Environmental Soil Physics. pp 698. Academic Press.

Kirkham, M. B. 2014. Principals of Soil and Plant Water Relations. pp 482. Academic Press.

Michael, A.M. 2006. Irrigation: Theory and Practice, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Reddy, S.R. 2016. Irrigation Agronomy, 3rd Edition, Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.

SankaraReddi, G.H. and Yellamanda Reddy, T. 2006. Efficient Use of Irrigation Water. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.

Majumdar, D.K. 2013. Irrigation Water Management: Principles and Practices. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., Delhi 100 092.

Session Plan

Session 1

Water and its role in plants; Irrigation: Definition and objectives

Lesson 1

Session 2

Water resources and irrigation development in of India and concerned state

 

Lesson 2

Session 3

Major irrigation projects, extent of area and crops irrigated in India and in different states

Lesson 3

Session 4

Field water cycle, water movement in soil and plants

Lesson 4

Session 5

Transpiration; soil-water-plant relationships

Lesson 5

Session 6

Water absorption by plants

Lesson 6

Session 7

Plant response to water stress, crop plant adaptation to moisture stress condition

Lesson 7

Session 8

Water availability and its relationship with nutrient availability and loses

Lesson 8

Session 9

Soil, plant and meteorological factors determining water needs of crops

 

Lesson 9

Session 10

Scheduling, depth and methods of irrigation

Lesson 10

Session 11

Micro irrigation systems; deficit irrigation

Lesson 11

Session 12

Fertigation

Lesson 12

Session 13

Management of water in controlled environments and polyhouses

Lesson 13

Session 14

Irrigation efficiency and water use efficiency

Lesson 13

Session 15

Water management of crop and cropping system

Lesson 13

Session 16

Quality of irrigation water and management of saline water for irrigation

Lesson 13

Session 17

Water use efficiency

Lesson 13

Session 18

Crop water requirement- estimation of ET and effective rainfall

 

Lesson 18

Session 19

Water management of the major crops and cropping systems

 

Lesson 19

Session 20

Automated irrigation system

 

Lesson 20

Session 21

Excess of soil water and plant growth

 

Lesson 14

Session 22

Water management in problem soils

 

Lesson 15

Session 23

Drainage requirement of crops

 

Lesson 16

Session 24

Methods of field drainage, their layout and spacing

 

Lesson 16

Session 25

Rain water management and its utilization for crop production.

lesson 25, 29

Session 26

Quality of irrigation water and management of saline water for irrigation

 

Lesson 26

Session 27

Soil moisture conservation

 

Lesson 27

Session 28

Water harvesting

 

Lesson 28

Session 29

Rain water management and its utilization for crop production

 

lesson 25, 29

Session 30

Hydroponics

 

Hydroponics lecture notes

Session 31

Water management of crops under climate change scenario

Lesson 19

Session 32

Water management in problem soils

 

Lesson 15

Practical

Session 33

Determination of Field capacity by field method

Exp 1

 

Session 34

Determination of infiltration rate by double ring
infiltrometer

Exp 2

 

Session 35

Determination of Permanent Wilting Point by
sunflower pot culture technique

Exp 3

 

Session 36

Determination of Field capacity and Permanent
Wilting Point by Pressure Plate Apparatus and
Hygroscopic Coefficient.

Exp 4

Session 37

Determination of maximum water holding capacity
of soil

 

Exp 5

Session 38

Measurement of matric potential using gauge and
mercury type tensiometer

Exp 6

Session 39

Determination of soil-moisture characteristics
curves

Exp 7

 

Session 40

Determination of saturated hydraulic conductivity
by constant and falling head method

Exp 8

Session 41

Determination of hydraulic conductivity of
saturated soil below the water table by auger
hole method

Exp 9

 

Session 42

Determination of effective rainfall (calculations)

Exp 10

 

Session 43

Determination of irrigation requirement of crops
(calculations)

 

Exp 11

Session 44

Determination of ET of crops by soil moisture
depletion method and Determination of water
requirements of crops (calculations)

Exp 12

Session 45

Measurement of irrigation water by volume and
velocity-area method and measurement

Exp 13

 

Session 46

Calculation of irrigation efficiency

Exp 14

 

Content Revised

This is a new course introduced as per BSMA syllabus 20% course modified and update in the particular course.

Our Main Teachers

Bachelor of Science (Agriculture). Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad, India in 2011 Master of Science (Agronomy). Visva Bharati University –(VBU), Birbhum, West Bengal, India in 2013 Research topic: Effect of seaweed extract on growth and productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in the red and lateritic belt of West Bengal PhD […]